scholarly journals Rapid Assessment of Delay-of-Reinforcement Effects on Key Pecking Maintained by Fixed-Ratio Schedules

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Jarmolowicz
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Fixed Ratio ◽  
Delay Of Reinforcement ◽  
Key Pecking

Socially Mediated Stimulus Control in Pigeons

1969 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Wiest
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Stimulus Control ◽  
Fixed Ratio ◽  
Discriminative Stimuli ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Key Pecking

Conditions necessary for the development of social interaction were examined with 7 Observer pigeons, each working beside a Model pigeon. Observer was conditioned to pay attention to the Model's behavior. Model's key pecking rate on a multiple fixed-ratio, extinction schedule was controlled by stimuli projected on his key (not visible to Observer), but Observer, whose key always remained the same color, had no discriminative stimuli except those provided by Model's behavior. More precise control of Observer's behavior occurred when Model could be both seen and heard than when Model could be heard only.

Fixed Ratio Schedule Responding as a Function of Contingency Descriptions and Reinforcement Delay

1973 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 667-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Frazier
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Ratio ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Ratio Schedule ◽  
Fixed Ratio Schedule ◽  
Task Groups ◽  
Reinforcement Delay ◽  
Delay Of Reinforcement

15 human Ss received alternating sequences of 0- and variable 15-sec. delay of reinforcement on a FR 15 schedule lever-pulling task. Groups of 5 Ss received either rate instructions to maximize reinforcement or correct responses, or no instructions. Results indicate that delay of reinforcement reduced response rates only for Ss with rate instructions.

Interaction of D-Amphetamine and Food Deprivation on Fixed Ratio Behavior of Pigeons

1967 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard F. Meginniss
Keyword(s):  
Food Deprivation ◽  
Fixed Ratio ◽  
Amphetamine Treatment ◽  
Key Pecking ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ad Libitum Feeding

Four groups of 6 pigeons, maintained at 100, 90, 80, and 70% of their ad libitum feeding weight, showed directly proportional weight-dependent depressant effects on fixed ratio key pecking following d-amphetamine treatment.

Delay of Reinforcement in Fixed-Ratio Behavior

1974 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary F. Meunier ◽  
Fred Ryman
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Ratio ◽  
Delay Of Reinforcement

Zone-axis ALCHEMI for the rapid assessment of site occupancies in garnets

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 706-707
Author(s):  
M.T. Otten ◽  
P.R. Buseck
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Site Occupancy ◽  
Zone Axis ◽  
Synthetic Compounds ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Crystallographic Planes

ALCHEMI (Atom Location by CHannelling-Enhanced Microanalysis) is a TEM technique for determining site occupancies in single crystals. The method uses the channelling of incident electrons along specific crystallographic planes. This channelling results in enhanced x-ray emission from the atoms on those planes, thereby providing the required site-occupancy information. ALCHEMI has been applied with success to spinel, olivine and feldspar. For the garnets, which form a large group of important minerals and synthetic compounds, the channelling effect is weaker, and significant results are more difficult to obtain. It was found, however, that the channelling effect is pronounced for low-index zone-axis orientations, yielding a method for assessing site occupancies that is rapid and easy to perform.

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