Specification for expansion vesses for sealed hot water heating systems. Domestic and small industrial systems using vessels with an internal diaphragm

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Industrial Systems ◽  
Heating Systems

Variable Flow Hot Water Heating Systems A Wonderful Technology

2001 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
Ron Powell
Keyword(s):  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Variable Flow ◽  
Heating Systems

scholarly journals End user engagement with domestic hot water heating systems: Design implications for future thermal storage technologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 74-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Haines ◽  
Konstantina Kyriakopoulou ◽  
Clare Lawton
Keyword(s):  
Systems Design ◽  
Thermal Storage ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
User Engagement ◽  
End User ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Domestic Hot Water ◽  
Storage Technologies

Simulation of hybrid ground-coupled heat pump with domestic hot water heating systems using HVACSIM+

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 1731-1736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Cui ◽  
Hongxing Yang ◽  
Jeffrey D. Spitler ◽  
Zhaohong Fang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Domestic Hot Water ◽  
Ground Coupled Heat Pump

A Review of Polymer Materials for Solar Water Heating Systems

2000 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghu Raman ◽  
Susan Mantell ◽  
Jane Davidson ◽  
Chunhui Wu ◽  
Gary Jorgensen
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Solar Water Heating ◽  
Solar Water

This paper summarizes current research aimed at using polymer materials for glazing and heat exchanger components in solar water heating systems. Functional requirements, relevant polymer properties and an approach for selecting polymers are described for each of these components. Glazing must have high transmittance across the solar spectrum and withstand long term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. Candidate glazing materials were tested outdoors for one year in Golden, Phoenix and Miami, as well as exposed for over 300 days in an accelerated testing facility at a concentration ratio of two at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Measurements of hemispherical transmittance indicate that a 3.35 mm polycarbonate sheet with a thin film acrylic UV screen provides good transmittance without excessive degradation. The primary challenge to designing a polymer heat exchanger is selecting a polymer that is compatible with potable water and capable of withstanding the high pressure and temperature requirements of domestic hot water systems. Polymers certified for hot water applications by the National Sanitation Foundation or currently used in heat exchangers and exhibit good high temperature characteristics were compared on the basis of a merit value (thermal conductance per unit area per dollar) and manufacturer’s recommendations. High temperature nylon (HTN), polypropylene (PP) and cross linked polypropylene (PEX) are recommended for tube components. For structural components (i.e. headers), glass reinforced high temperature nylon (HTN), polyphthalamide (PPA), polyphenylene sulphide (PPS) and polypropylene (PP) are recommended. [S0199-6231(00)00902-3]

scholarly journals Solar water heating systems for different buildings under a hot climate; parametric optimization and economic analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kheira Tabet Aoul ◽  
Ahmad Hasan ◽  
Hassan Riaz
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Design Decision ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Hot Climate

Building applied solar thermal systems are considered by different stakeholders an attractive alternative to traditional space and water heating systems. However, their performance depends largely on climatic conditions, water heating needs and operational parameters which, in turn, offer opportunities for performance optimization. The present research attempts to provide architects with a design decision tool that integrates solar thermal collectors efficiently to meet hot water demand for various building types inclusive of residential, commercial and industrial in a hot climate. The analysis is conducted numerically through a thermal model developed and executed in TRNSYS and validated experimentally. The parameters investigated include the collector tilt angle, azimuth angle and collector inlet fluid flow rate. Finally, the collector aperture area required per building foot print area is determined. The research revealed that for a 1000 m2 footprint building area of schools, offices, residential, factories and hospitals would require respectively 8 m2, 10 m2, 14 m2, 24 m2 and 38 m2 of the static collector installed at 24° tilt angle with optimal water flow rate. Additional operational aspects of collector tracking, and solar radiation concentration were investigated and further reduce the required collector area. A simple payback period analysis reveals a return on investment of 2 years applying subsidized tariff rates under the climatic conditions of, or similar to Dubai, in the United Arab Emirates.

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