Faculty Opinions recommendation of Innate immune recognition of bacterial ligands by NAIPs determines inflammasome specificity.

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynda Stuart ◽  
Anna Sokolovska
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immune ◽  
Immune Recognition

scholarly journals CD46 Plays a Key Role in Tailoring Innate Immune Recognition of Apoptotic and Necrotic Cells

2005 ◽  
Vol 280 (43) ◽  
pp. 36342-36354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Elward ◽  
Mark Griffiths ◽  
Masashi Mizuno ◽  
Claire L. Harris ◽  
Jim W. Neal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Innate Immune System ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Membrane Attack Complex ◽  
Factor H ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Immune Recognition ◽  
Alternative Pathways ◽  
Complement Regulator ◽  
Complement C1q

Complement is the canonical innate immune system involved in host defense and tissue repair with the clearance of cell debris. In contrast to the robust armory mounted against microbial nonself-pathogens, complement is selectively activated on altered self (i.e. apoptotic and necrotic cells) to instruct the safe demise by poorly characterized mechanisms. Our data shed new light on the role of complement C1q in sensing nucleic acids (NA) rapidly exposed on apoptotic Jurkat T cell membranes and in driving C3 opsonization but without the lytic membrane attack complex. DNA/RNase-treated apoptotic cells failed to activate complement. We found that several other apoptotic cell models, including senescent keratinocytes, ionophore-treated sperm cells, and CMK-derived platelets, stained for cleaved caspase 3 were rapidly losing the key complement regulator CD46. CD46 from nuclear and membrane stores was found to cluster into blebs and shed into microparticles together with NA, phosphatidylserine, C1q, and factor H. Classical and alternative pathways of complement were involved in the recognition of H2O2-treated necrotic cells. Membrane attack complex was detected on necrotic cells possibly as a result of CD46 and CD59 shedding into soluble forms. Our data highlight a novel and universal paradigm whereby the complement innate immune system is using two synergistic strategies with the recognition of altered self-NA and missing self-CD46 signals to instruct and tailor the efficient removal of apoptotic and necrotic cells in immunoprivileged sites.

Mediators of innate immune recognition of bacteria concentrate in lipid rafts and facilitate lipopolysaccharide-induced cell activation

2002 ◽  
Vol 115 (12) ◽  
pp. 2603-2611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Triantafilou ◽  
Kensuke Miyake ◽  
Douglas T. Golenbock ◽  
Kathy Triantafilou
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Rafts ◽  
Lipid Raft ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Membrane Microdomains ◽  
Immune Recognition ◽  
Cellular Activation ◽  
Signalling Molecules

The plasma membrane of cells is composed of lateral heterogeneities,patches and microdomains. These membrane microdomains or lipid rafts are enriched in glycosphingolipids and cholesterol and have been implicated in cellular processes such as membrane sorting and signal transduction. In this study we investigated the importance of lipid raft formation in the innate immune recognition of bacteria using biochemical and fluorescence imaging techniques. We found that receptor molecules that are implicated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-cellular activation, such as CD14, heat shock protein(hsp) 70, 90, Chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), growth differentiation factor 5(GDF5) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), are present in microdomains following LPS stimulation. Lipid raft integrity is essential for LPS-cellular activation, since raft-disrupting drugs, such as nystatin or MCD, inhibit LPS-induced TNF-α secretion. Our results suggest that the entire bacterial recognition system is based around the ligation of CD14 by bacterial components and the recruitment of multiple signalling molecules, such as hsp70, hsp90, CXCR4, GDF5 and TLR4, at the site of CD14-LPS ligation, within the lipid rafts.

scholarly journals Innate immune recognition of the indigenous microbial flora

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. S10-S14 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Rakoff-Nahoum ◽  
R Medzhitov
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immune ◽  
Microbial Flora ◽  
Immune Recognition

scholarly journals Gaining a foothold: how HIV avoids innate immune recognition

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Yan ◽  
Judy Lieberman
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immune ◽  
Immune Recognition

scholarly journals Innate Immune Recognition of Viruses and Viral Vectors

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaopei Huang ◽  
Yiping Yang
Keyword(s):  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Immune Recognition

Innate immune recognition and control of adaptive immune responses

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 351-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruslan Medzhitov ◽  
Charles A Janeway Jr
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Immune Recognition ◽  
Adaptive Immune Responses ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Lipopolysaccharide O-antigen delays plant innate immune recognition of Xylella fastidiosa

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeannette N. Rapicavoli ◽  
Barbara Blanco-Ulate ◽  
Artur Muszyński ◽  
Rosa Figueroa-Balderas ◽  
Abraham Morales-Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Immune Recognition ◽  
O Antigen
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