scholarly journals Clinical and electromyographic evaluation of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of gummy smile: A prospective clinical study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-128
Author(s):  
Payal Padmakar Mate ◽  
Kumar Nilesh ◽  
Anand Joshi ◽  
Arun Panda
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type A ◽  
Type A ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Gummy Smile

Background. The present study aimed to assess the effect of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) for the management of gummy smile and evaluate its stability after administrating BTX-A clinically and using electromyography. Methods. The investigators designed and implemented a prospective clinical study on 10 patients with a gummy smile. Patients with different types of gummy smile were injected with BTX-A in the levator muscles of the upper lip and were followed for six months. The effect of BTX-A was evaluated clinically and using electromyography preoperatively and after two weeks and three and six months. Statistical analyses were carried out using repeated measures ANOVA and post hoc Bonferroni tests for pairwise comparisons. Results. The sample consisted of 10 patients with an anterior gummy smile (n=3), posterior gummy smile (n=2), mixed gummy smile (n=3), and asymmetrical gummy smile (n=2). There were significant differences (P<0.001) between the mean gingival display and compound muscle action potential at two-weeks and three-month follow-ups. The maximum result was obtained at the two-week interval. The mean gingival display and C-MAP values increased slightly at the three-month postoperative interval and gradually increased to the baseline values at six-month follow-up. Conclusion. BTX-A is an effective, minimally invasive, and temporary treatment modality for gummy smiles. The electromyographic study is a convenient method for assessing changes in the upper lip muscle contractility to quantify the effect of BTX-A in the treatment of gummy smile.

Therapeutic effects of botulinum toxin type A in subjects with gummy smile: A longitudinal sEMG approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adilson Tolfo de Oliveira ◽  
Sylvia de Araújo Paes-Souza ◽  
Marco Antonio Cavalcanti Garcia ◽  
Claudia Trindade Mattos ◽  
Matilde da Cunha Gonçalves Nojima
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type A ◽  
Type A ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Gummy Smile

scholarly journals Botulinum toxin type A wear-off phenomenon in chronic migraine patients: how long does the maximum efficiency last?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aygul Tantik PAK ◽  
İsmet ÜSTÜN ◽  
Yildizhan SENGUL
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Chronic Migraine ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type A ◽  
Type A ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Neck Muscle ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Monthly Change

ABSTRACT Background: Botulinum toxin Type A (BoNTA) is a successful treatment for chronic migraine prophylaxis. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the monthly change of effectiveness of BoNTA treatment. Methods: A total of 80 patients (70 females and 10 males) with chronic migraine were included. In our study protocol, we applied to 155 U across 31 fixed-sites and if the patient had pain, 40 U dose injections were applied across 8 specific head/neck muscle areas. Headache days and analgesic intake were noted before the BoNTA injection and during the interviews at the first, second, and third months after the BoNTA injection. Results: The mean age was 37.59 ± 7.60 and 87.5% of the patients were female. The mean number of headache days/month before BoNTA was 18.95±2.69, decreasing to 10.55±3.15 days/month in the first month (p<0.001), 9.31±2.43 days/month in the second month (p<0.001), and increased to 11.97±3.27 days/month in the third month (p<0.001). The mean analgesic intake before BoNTA was 11.48±4.68 tablets/month, while it decreased to 6.53±2.72 tablets/month in the first month (p<0.001) and 5.40±2.46 tablets/month in the second month (p<0.001). In the third month, it was 5.85±2.59 tablets/month (p<0.001). There was a significant increase in pain medication use from the second to the third month (p<0.001). Conclusion: In our study, there was a significant reduction in analgesic intake and headache days in the first and second months after BoNTA injection, and an increase was observed in the third month.

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