scholarly journals Thermal Prospective Estimations of COP and TR for R12 and HR12 Vapour Compression Refrigeration Systems

Experimentations got executed for investigating influence of R12 and HR12 refrigerants on system performance evaluation in terms of COP and TR. Temperature and pressure got measured by different temperature and pressure gauges mounted at several predetermined locations. Additionally, power consumption by refrigeration system also got measured from the installed energy meter readings. Altogether, it summarizes the tabular inscriptions of the variations of COPth, COPact and COPrel with TR for R12 and HR12 refrigerants. Besides, it also demonstrates the graphical representation of the corresponding variations of COPth, COPact and COPrel with TR for R12 and HR12 refrigerants. As expected, it stands observed (from both the stated table and figure) that both COPth and COPact increase with TR, however, the COPrel decreases with the same for said R12 and HR12 refrigerants. Furthermore, the stated variations of COPth, COPact and COPrel with TR remain observed as approximately linear, independently. That’s why, both COPth and COPact stay directly proportional to TR, however, the COPrel stays inversely proportional to the same because of approximately linear relationship between the COPth, COPact and COPrel with TR, individually. Additionally, COPact decreases with the increase of Wi/p for both R12 and HR12 refrigerants. However, Qext increases with Wi/p for both R12 and HR12 refrigerants.

Experiments stand performed for investigating influence of R12 refrigerant on system performance evaluation in terms of COP and TR. Temperature and pressure got measured by different temperature and pressure gauges mounted at several predetermined locations. Additionally, power consumption by refrigeration system also got measured from the installed energy meter readings. Altogether, it summarizes the tabular inscriptions of the variations of COPth, COPact and COPrel with TR for R12 refrigerant. Besides, it also demonstrates the graphical representation of the corresponding variations of COPth, COPact and COPrel with TR for R12 refrigerant. As expected, it stands observed (from both the stated table and figure) that both COPth and COPact increase with TR, however, the COPrel decreases with the same for said R12 refrigerant. Furthermore, the stated variations of COPth, COPact and COPrel with TR remain observed as approximately linear, independently. That’s why, both COPth and COPact stay directly proportional to TR, however, the COPrel stays inversely proportional to the same because of approximately linear relationship between the COPth, COPact and COPrel with TR, independently.


Experimentations remain endowed for examining effect of HR12 refrigerant on system accomplishment with monitoring in terms of COP and TR. Temperature and pressure got measured by different temperature and pressure gauges mounted at several predetermined locations. Additionally, power consumption by refrigeration system also got measured from the installed energy meter readings. Altogether, it summarizes the tabular inscriptions of the variations of COPth, COPact and COPrel with TR for HR12 refrigerant. Besides, it also demonstrates the graphical representation of the corresponding variations of COPth, COPact and COPrel with TR for HR12 refrigerant. As expected, it stands observed (from both the stated table and figure) that both COPth and COPact increase with TR, however, the COPrel decreases with the same for said HR12 refrigerant. Furthermore, the stated variations of COPth, COPact and COPrel with TR remain observed as approximately linear, independently. That’s why, both COPth and COPact stand directly proportional to TR, however, the COPrel stands inversely proportional to the same owing to almost linear relationship between the COPth, COPact and COPrel with TR, separately.


2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 331-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Comas ◽  
I. Rodríguez-Roda ◽  
M. Poch ◽  
K.V. Gernaey ◽  
C. Rosen ◽  
...  

In this paper the development of an extension module to the IWA/COST simulation benchmark to include expert reasoning is presented. This module enables the detection of suitable conditions for the development of settling problems of biological origin (filamentous bulking, foaming and rising sludge) when applying activated sludge control strategies to the simulation benchmark. Firstly, a flow diagram is proposed for each settling problem, and secondly, the outcome of its application is shown. Results of the benchmark for two evaluated control strategies illustrate that, once applied to the simulation outputs, this module provides supplementary criteria for plant performance assessment. Therefore, simulated control strategies can be evaluated in a more realistic framework, and results can be recognised as more realistic and satisfactory from the point of view of operators and real facilities.


2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-94
Author(s):  
Badrus Zaman ◽  
Army Justitia ◽  
Kretawiweka Nuraga Sani ◽  
Endah Purwanti

AbstractHoax news in Indonesia spread at an alarming rate. To reduce this, hoax news detection system needs to be created and put into practice. Such a system may use readers’ feedback and Naïve Bayes algorithm, which is used to verify news. Overtime, by using readers’ feedback, database corpus will continue to grow and could improve system performance. The current research aims to reach this. System performance evaluation is carried out under two conditions ‒ with and without sources (URL). The system is able to detect hoax news very well under both conditions. The highest precision, recall and f-measure values when including URL are 0.91, 1, and 0.95 respectively. Meanwhile, the highest value of precision, recall and f-measure without URL are 0.88, 1 and 0.94, respectively.


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