scholarly journals Specific features of the pathology of the respiratory system in SARS-CoV-2 (Coronaviridae: Coronavirinae: Betacoronavirus: Sarbecovirus) infected Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus)

2022 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 442-451
Author(s):  
S. V. Chepur ◽  
I. I. Alekseeva ◽  
O. O. Vladimirova ◽  
V. A. Myasnikov ◽  
M. A. Tyunin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Mesocricetus Auratus ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Pulmonary Tissue ◽  
Infectious Dose ◽  
Syrian Hamsters

Introduction. Verification of histological changes in respiratory system using Syrian (golden) hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) as experimental model is an important task for preclinical studies of drugs intended for prevention and treatment of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19.The aim of this work was to study pathological changes of pulmonary tissue in SARS-CoV-2 (Coronaviridae: Coronavirinae: Betacoronavirus; Sarbecovirus) experimental infection in Syrian hamsters. Material and methods. Male Syrian hamsters weighting 80–100 g were infected by intranasal administration of culture SARS-CoV-2 at dose 4 × 104 TCID50/ml (TCID is tissue culture infectious dose). Animals were euthanatized on 3, 7 and 14 days after infection, with gravimetric registration. The viral load in lungs was measured using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Right lung and trachea tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and according to Mallory.Results and discussion. The highest viral replicative activity in lungs was determined 3 days after the infection. After 7 days, on a background of the decrease of the viral load in lungs, a pathologically significant increase of the organ’s gravimetric parameters was observed. Within 3 to 14 days post-infection, the lung histologic pattern had been showing the development of inflammation with a succession of infiltrative-proliferative, edematousmacrophagal and fibroblastic changes. It was found that initial changes in respiratory epithelium can proceed without paranecrotic interstitial inflammation, while in the formation of multiple lung parenchyma lesions, damage to the epithelium of bronchioles and acinar ducts can be secondary. The appearance of epithelioid large-cell metaplastic epithelium, forming pseudoacinar structures, was noted as a pathomorphological feature specific to SARS-CoV-2 infection in Syrian hamsters.Conclusion. As a result of the study, the specific features of the pathology of the respiratory system in SARSCoV-2 infected Syrian hamsters were described. These findings are of practical importance as reference data that can be used for preclinical studies to assess the effectiveness of vaccines and potential drugs.

scholarly journals Immunomodulatory treatment with thalidomide in experimental leptospirosis in Golden Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus)

2013 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Soares ◽  
J. O. Macedo ◽  
E. C. de Azevedo ◽  
C. S. Santos ◽  
M. d. Q. Sampaio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesocricetus Auratus ◽  
Immunomodulatory Treatment ◽  
Syrian Hamsters

scholarly journals Red Wine Phenolic Compounds Reduce Plasma Lipids and Apolipoprotein B and Prevent Early Aortic Atherosclerosis in Hypercholesterolemic Golden Syrian Hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus)

2002 ◽  
Vol 132 (6) ◽  
pp. 1207-1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyril Auger ◽  
Bertrand Caporiccio ◽  
Nicolas Landrault ◽  
Pierre Louis Teissedre ◽  
Caroline Laurent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Mesocricetus Auratus ◽  
Aortic Atherosclerosis ◽  
Syrian Hamsters

scholarly journals Cellular tropism of SARS-CoV-2 in the respiratory tract of Syrian hamsters and B6.Cg-Tg(K18-ACE2)2Prlmn/J transgenic mice

2021 ◽  
pp. 030098582110430
Author(s):  
Hui-Ling Yen ◽  
Sophie Valkenburg ◽  
Sin Fun Sia ◽  
Ka Tim Choy ◽  
J. S. Malik Peiris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Productive Infection ◽  
Type I ◽  
Syrian Hamsters ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Type Ii Pneumocytes ◽  
Viral Particles ◽  
Cellular Tropism ◽  
Conducting Airways

Several animal models have been developed to study the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection and to evaluate vaccines and therapeutic agents for this emerging disease. Similar to infection with SARS-CoV-1, infection of Syrian hamsters with SARS-CoV-2 results in moderate respiratory disease involving the airways and lung parenchyma but does not lead to increased mortality. Using a combination of immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy, we showed that the epithelium of the conducting airways of hamsters was the primary target for viral infection within the first 5 days of infection, with little evidence of productive infection of pneumocytes. At 6 days postinfection, antigen was cleared but parenchymal damage persisted, and the major pathological changes resolved by day 14. These findings are similar to those previously reported for hamsters with SARS-CoV-1 infection. In contrast, infection of K18-hACE2 transgenic mice resulted in pneumocyte damage, with viral particles and replication complexes in both type I and type II pneumocytes together with the presence of convoluted or cubic membranes; however, there was no evidence of virus replication in the conducting airways. The Syrian hamster is a useful model for the study of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and vaccination strategies, whereas infection of the K18-hCE2 transgenic mouse results in lethal disease with fatal neuroinvasion but with sparing of conducting airways.

scholarly journals Quantification of fecal estradiol and progesterone metabolites in Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus)

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 1711-1717 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.O.M. Chelini ◽  
N.L. Souza ◽  
A.M. Rocha ◽  
E.C.G. Felippe ◽  
C.A. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Mesocricetus Auratus ◽  
Syrian Hamsters ◽  
Progesterone Metabolites

Effects of melatonin on water metabolism and renal function in male Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus)

1992 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce A. Richardson ◽  
Eugene H. Studier ◽  
John N. Stallone ◽  
Colleen M. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Mesocricetus Auratus ◽  
Water Metabolism ◽  
Syrian Hamsters

scholarly journals A Novel Phenomenon Predicting the Entry into a State of Hibernation in Syrian Hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus)

2005 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeyuki ARAI ◽  
Toshiharu HANAYA ◽  
Takeo SAKURAI ◽  
Masao IKEDA ◽  
Masashi KURIMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Mesocricetus Auratus ◽  
Syrian Hamsters

scholarly journals Is the healthy respiratory system built just right, overbuilt, or underbuilt to meet the demands imposed by exercise?

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (6) ◽  
pp. 1235-1256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome A. Dempsey ◽  
Andre La Gerche ◽  
James H. Hull
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory System ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Endurance Athletes ◽  
Pulmonary Vasculature ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Ventilatory Control ◽  
Response To Exercise ◽  
Homeostatic Response

In the healthy, untrained young adult, a case is made for a respiratory system (airways, pulmonary vasculature, lung parenchyma, respiratory muscles, and neural ventilatory control system) that is near ideally designed to ensure a highly efficient, homeostatic response to exercise of varying intensities and durations. Our aim was then to consider circumstances in which the intra/extrathoracic airways, pulmonary vasculature, respiratory muscles, and/or blood-gas distribution are underbuilt or inadequately regulated relative to the demands imposed by the cardiovascular system. In these instances, the respiratory system presents a significant limitation to O2 transport and contributes to the occurrence of locomotor muscle fatigue, inhibition of central locomotor output, and exercise performance. Most prominent in these examples of an “underbuilt” respiratory system are highly trained endurance athletes, with additional influences of sex, aging, hypoxic environments, and the highly inbred equine. We summarize by evaluating the relative influences of these respiratory system limitations on exercise performance and their impact on pathophysiology and provide recommendations for future investigation.

Multiple peracute deaths in a colony of Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus)

Lab Animal ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 99-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hart ◽  
Erin O'Connor ◽  
Matthew Davis
Keyword(s):  
Mesocricetus Auratus ◽  
Syrian Hamsters
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