Cataract

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Sayali Yolchu Ibrahimova ◽  
◽  
Gulara Rufat Sadikhova ◽  

Cataract iz one of the most common eye diseases among elderly people. The crystalline lens of the human eye is like a “natural lens which skips and refractors light rays. The crystalline lens is located inside the eyeball between the iris and vitreous parts of the eye. In youth the eye’s lens is transparent, elastic, can change its shape, almost instantly directing and managing its focus, this is why an eye sees the far and near objects equally good. In case of the cataract there is partial or absolute clouding of the lens, which may lead to the loss of its transparency and the eye gets only the small amount of light rays, thus it causes the complication of vision, and the eyesight becomes unclear and blurry. Over the years, the disease progresses: the degraded part increases and eyesight completely weakens. If the disease will not be treated in time cataract may even lead to the complete blindness. Key words: trauma, blindness, hyperopic, turbidity in eyes

Author(s):  
Wigati Yektiningtyas ◽  
Evalina Silalahi

Abstract: Fable is one of Sentani verbal folklore that was passed down by parents to children to teach morals. One of them is about the importance of preserving environment. Nowadays, unfortunately, fable is not frequently told anymore. Children and even most Sentani people do not recognize it.  From long observation, Sentani children do not pay attention much to the nature as well.  Data of fables were obtained from some informants, i.e. tribal chiefs (ondofolo, khote) and elderly people in East Sentani  (Ayapo, Waena, and Asei Island) and Central Sentani (Sentani and Ifale) in  2017-2018. By adopting socio-cultural approach, this paper aims to discuss about (1) the natural environment of Sentani people, (2) the use of fables in environmental education for children. This study found that (1) fable is  creative and innovative materials in teaching children about environment: nature, fauna, and flora that can be  done informally, nonformally, and formally, (2) children have emotional ties with the fables and want to learn more, and (3)  it is  an alternative way of revitalizing Sentani fables and disseminating the socio-cultural values embedded in them. This study is benefecial to motivate Sentani children  to learn more about their ancestor’s heritages, love their environment,  and be proud of their identity. Key words: fable, environment, Sentani folklore, revitalizationAbstrak: Fabel merupakan salah satu folklor verbal Sentani yang dahulu dituturkan secara oral dari para orang tua ke anak-anak untuk menyampaikan berbagai ajaran moral. Salah satunya adalah tentang pentingnya merawat lingkungan. Saat ini, fabel sudah jarang dituturkan lagi. Anak-anak bahkan sebagian orang Sentani tidak mengenalinya.  Melalui pengamatan yang cukup lama, anak-anak Sentani kini tidak lagi memperhatikan lingkungan hidup mereka. Data fabel dikumpulkan dari para informan, yaitu para pemangku adat (ondofolo, khote) dan para tua-tua adat di Sentani Timur  (Ayapo, Waena, dan Pulau Asei) dan  Sentani  Tengah (Sentani dan Ifale) pada 2017-2018. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan sosial-budaya, paper ini bertujuan untuk membahas (1) lingkungan alam masyarakat Sentani dan (2) penggunaan fabel dalam pendidikan lingkungan bagi anak-anak. Studi ini menemukan bahwa (1) fabel merupakan materi yang kreatif dan inovatif untuk mengajarkan anak-anak tentang lingkungan: alam, fauna, dan flora yang dapat dilakukan secara informal,  nonformal, dan  formal, (2) anak-anak mempunyai hubungan emosi dengan fabel yang dipelajarinya dan ingin belajar lebih banyak fabel, (3)  penggunaan fabel sebagai pengajaran merupakan cara alternatif dalam merevitalisasi dan diseminasi fabel  Sentani dan nilai sosial-budaya yang terdapat di dalamnya. Studi ini bermanfaat untuk memotivasi anak-anak Sentani untuk terus mempelajari dan mencintai pusaka budaya leluhur mereka, mencintai lingkungan hidup mereka,  dan bangga akan indentitas mereka.   Kata kunci: fabel, lingkungan,  folklor  Sentani, revitalisasi


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 434-448
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Covello ◽  
Fernando J. Rossello ◽  
Michele Filosi ◽  
Felipe Gajardo ◽  
Anne‐Laure Duchemin ◽  
...  

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 919-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachiko Kanakubo ◽  
Tadashi Nomura ◽  
Ken-ichi Yamamura ◽  
Jun-ichi Miyazaki ◽  
Makoto Tamai ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Agustin Santiago-Alvarado ◽  
Angel S. Cruz-Félix
Keyword(s):  

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustin Santiago-Alvarado ◽  
Angel S. Cruz-Félix ◽  
F. Iturbide-Jiménez ◽  
M. Martínez-López ◽  
M. Ramírez-Como ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Yuan ◽  
Fukun Chen ◽  
Dandan Fan ◽  
Qi Jiang ◽  
Zhengbo Xue ◽  
...  

Abstract Eye diseases are remarkably common and encompass a large and diverse range of morbidities that affect different components of the visual system and visual function. With advances in omics technology of eye disorders, genome-scale datasets have been rapidly accumulated in genetics and epigenetics field. However, the efficient collection and comprehensive analysis of different kinds of omics data are lacking. Herein, we developed EyeDiseases (https://eyediseases.bio-data.cn/), the first database for multi-omics data integration and interpretation of human eyes diseases. It contains 1344 disease-associated genes with genetic variation, 1774 transcription files of bulk cell expression and single-cell RNA-seq, 105 epigenomics data across 185 kinds of human eye diseases. Using EyeDiseases, we investigated SARS-CoV-2 potential tropism in eye infection and found that the SARS-CoV-2 entry factors, ACE2 and TMPRSS2 are highly correlated with cornea and keratoconus, suggest that ocular surface cells are susceptible to infection by SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, integrating analysis of Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) GWAS loci and co-expression data revealed 9 associated genes involved in HIF-1 signaling pathway and voltage-gate potassium channel complex. The EyeDiseases provides a valuable resource for accelerating the discovery and validation of candidate loci and genes contributed to the molecular diagnosis and therapeutic vulnerabilities with various eyes diseases.


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