scholarly journals Heart reaction of male and female with streptozotocin induced diabetes on cholinergic impacts

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-228
Author(s):  
Orysia O. Bandrivska ◽  
Vitalij M. Mykhailiuk ◽  
Iryna A. Mykhailiuk ◽  
Natalia V. Malko
Keyword(s):  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Sinus Node ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Chronotropic Effect ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Negative Chronotropic Effect ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Stimulation Of

The aim: Find out the nature of the changes sensitivity of the heart to the cholinergic influences the development of diabetes depending on gender. Materials and methods: In experiments on adult male and female rats, type 1 diabetes by momentary introduction of streptozotocin at a dose of 60 mg/ kg into the peritoneal cavity was modeled. Animals were examined after 15, 30, 60 and 90 days after introduction of streptozotocin. We studied the sensitivity of cholinoreceptors of sinus node by the intensity of bradycardia with intravenous injection of acetylcholine and electrical stimulation of the peripheral segment of the right vagus nerve. Results: It was established that the intensity of the negative chronotropic effect of heart of males by electric stimulation of the vagus nerve, which depends on the reserves of acetylcholine in the presynaptic section and sensitivity of postsynaptic cholinoreceptors, increased gradually and after 90 days prevailed the output value in 2.2 times. This occurred at the background of a slight (10 %) decrease in response to exogenous acetylcholine that reflected the decrease in sensitivity of cholinoreceptors. In females the maximum increase (in 4.4 times) of the intensity of the negative chronotropic effect of vagus nerve stimulation was observed after 30 days from the start of the experiment. After 90 days, this indicator prevailed the controlled one in 3.3 times, which occurred at the background of heart response decreasing to exogenous acetylcholine (in 1.7 times). Conclusions: Obtained results suggest a more significant change in state of cholinoceptor system of myocardium of females compared with males in the dynamics of development of streptozotocin-induced diabetes.

scholarly journals Vagus nerve stimulation promotes cortical reorganization and reduces task-dependent calorie intake in male and female rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 1748 ◽  
pp. 147099
Author(s):  
Ching-Tzu Tseng ◽  
Jackson Brougher ◽  
Solomon J. Gaulding ◽  
Bilaal S. Hassan ◽  
Catherine A. Thorn
Keyword(s):  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Vagus Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Cortical Reorganization ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats

scholarly journals ON THE DIFFERENCES IN THE EFFECTS OF STIMULATION OF THE TWO VAGUS NERVES ON RATE AND CONDUCTION OF THE DOG'S HEART

1912 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 732-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred E. Cohn
Keyword(s):  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Heart Block ◽  
Qualitative Difference ◽  
Ventricular Muscle ◽  
Chronotropic Effect ◽  
Vagus Nerves ◽  
Negative Chronotropic Effect ◽  
The Right ◽  
Left Vagus ◽  
Stimulation Of

It may be concluded from the results obtained in these experiments : 1. That stimulation of the right vagus nerve in the dog usually causes arrest of all the chambers of the heart. 2. That stimulation of the left vagus nerve exerts a moderate negative chronotropic effect on the auricles. 3. That stimulation of the left vagus nerve has a profound effect on the conduction of impulses over the auriculoventricular system. 4. That the degree of effect exercised on the auriculoventricular system by stimulation of the left vagus nerve varies. In some dogs conduction is depressed to an extent which causes only a delay in the conduction of impulses from auricles to ventricles (P-R time) ; in other dogs the conduction is depressed to a degree which results in incomplete heart-block; while in still other dogs conduction is so depressed that although the auricles continue to contract, no impulses pass from them to the ventricles. 5. That when stimulation of either the right or left vagus nerve causes asystole of nomotopic ventricular contractions, ectopic ventricular contractions may occur. 6. That the time which elapses before ectopic ventricular contractions occur depends upon the irritability of the ventricular muscle, and this may vary in different dogs. 7. That stimulation of the left vagus nerve may rarely cause sino-auricular block. Possibly stimulation of the right nerve may also produce this effect. 8. That there is consequently usually a great qualitative difference in the action of the two vagus nerves on the heart of the dog.

Prenatal chronic stimulation of the endocannabinoid system affects the respiratory motor outputs of juvenile male and female rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Luis Gustavo A. Patrone ◽  
Marlusa Karlen-Amaranre ◽  
Kenia C. Bicego ◽  
Daniel B. Zoccal ◽  
Luciane H. Gargaglioni
Keyword(s):  
Endocannabinoid System ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Juvenile Male ◽  
Chronic Stimulation ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Motor Outputs ◽  
Stimulation Of

Liver glycogenolysis during exercise in adrenodemedullated male and female rats

1986 ◽  
Vol 251 (6) ◽  
pp. R1151-R1155
Author(s):  
W. W. Winder ◽  
S. F. Loy ◽  
D. S. Burke ◽  
S. J. Hawkes
Keyword(s):  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Mature Female ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Plasma Epinephrine ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Liver Glycogenolysis ◽  
Stimulation Of

Previous studies have shown that adrenodemedullation has no effect on the rate of liver glycogenolysis during exercise in male rats. Mature female rats have been reported to have a higher hepatic beta-adrenergic receptor activity than do male rats of the same age. The present study was undertaken to determine the role of plasma epinephrine in stimulating liver glycogenolysis during exercise in female rats. Both male and female rats were adrenodemedullated or sham operated. Three weeks later rats were run for 60 min at 21 m/min up a 15% grade. The rate of liver glycogenolysis during exercise was not affected by adrenodemedullation in either female rats or male rats. Hepatic adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate increased to approximately the same extent in sham operated as in adrenodemedullated female rats during exercise. Adrenodemedullation caused a significant reduction in the amount of glycogen utilized by the soleus muscle and in the degree of hyperglycemia during exercise. We conclude that epinephrine is unessential for stimulation of liver glycogenolysis during exercise in either male or female rats.

IMMUNOREACTIVE LUTEINIZING HORMONE RELEASING FACTOR IN RAT PITUITARY STALK BLOOD: EFFECTS OF ELECTRICAL STIMULATION OF THE MEDIAL PREOPTIC AREA

1976 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. FINK ◽  
M. G. JAMIESON
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Preoptic Area ◽  
Free Acid ◽  
Medial Preoptic Area ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Pituitary Stalk ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Stimulation Of

SUMMARY Blood was collected from the cut pituitary stalk of male and female rats before and during the application of an electrical stimulus to the medial preoptic area. The plasma was assayed for immunoreactive LH releasing factor (RF) by a double antibody radioimmunoassay using a specific antiserum raised in rabbits against the free acid derivative of the decapeptide LH-RF conjugated to bovine serum albumin. The decapeptide (used as a standard) and pituitary stalk plasma cross-reacted in a similar manner with the antiserum. Stimulation of the preoptic area increased significantly the amount of LH-RF in pituitary stalk plasma in both male and female rats. The increase in LH-RF was linearly related to the strength of the stimulating current, and the amount of LH-RF liberated diminished on cessation of the stimulus. The concentration of LH-RF in pituitary stalk plasma from female rats was significantly greater than that in jugular venous plasma. The magnitudes of the mean increments of LH-RF in pituitary stalk plasma (stimulation minus pre-stimulation values) at various times of the oestrous cycle in female rats suggests that between 18.00 h of dioestrus and 13.00 h of pro-oestrus there is an increase in sensitivity of the LH-RF secretory mechanism to electrical stimulation. However, the increments decreased in magnitude between 13.00 and 18.00 h of pro-oestrus, indicating that the marked increase in responsiveness of the hypothalamo-hypophysial system to electrical stimulation which occurs during this period is due mainly to a change in sensitivity of the pituitary gonadotrophs to LH-RF. The LH-RF in pituitary stalk plasma collected before application of the stimulus was higher at some of the times examined during pro-oestrus than at other times of the oestrous cycle. A higher level of the secretion of the factor may be important for the full development of the priming effect of LH-RF and, consequently, the marked increase in responsiveness of the pituitary gland which occurs during the afternoon of pro-oestrus.

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