DEVELOPMENT OF SITUATIONAL CRIME PREVENTION IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES

The article analyzes the development of the theory of crime prevention in foreign countries. Since the 80s of the last century, situational crime prevention has been developed there. This direction was based on the idea of the influence of the environment on the commission of crimes. The vision of crime prevention through ecological design by creating a protected space was put forward. A protected space is a model of a residential environment that deters crime by creating a physical expression of a social structure that protects itself, sends a signal to a potential criminal, which is then interpreted as an area not conducive to criminal activity. This way of preventing criminal events involves establishing territorial behavior, strengthening surveillance of the territory by creating zones of territorial influence (territory design, organic approach, street design, real and symbolic barriers) and convincing residents that their actions matter. The main purpose of situational warning is to reduce the possibilities of criminal events and increase the risks of criminal events in such a way that they are perceived by most (if not all) offenders.