Changes in Visual Parameters in an Adult Amblyope With Vision Therapy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajib Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Perceptual Learning ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Behavioral Treatment ◽  
Video Gaming ◽  
Multiple Modalities ◽  
Vision Therapy ◽  
Motor Perception ◽  
Dichoptic Training

Amblyopia is a common neurodevelopmental visual disorder that results in reduced contrast, motor perception, and excessive crowding along with impaired visual acuity. Literature suggested this disorder can be treated with the help of behavioral treatment methods, including anti-suppression dichoptic training, perceptual learning, and video gaming brain stimulation with a recovery ranging from 40 - 60 days. Here we have presented a case where multiple modalities of vision therapy (VT) were used resulting in a prompt and stable response of visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and stereopsis.

scholarly journals A New Dichoptic Training Strategy Leads to Better Cooperation Between the Two Eyes in Amblyopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zitian Liu ◽  
Zidong Chen ◽  
Le Gao ◽  
Manli Liu ◽  
Yiru Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Fellow Eye ◽  
Training Strategy ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Dichoptic Training

Recent clinical trials failed to endorse dichoptic training for amblyopia treatment. Here, we proposed an alternative training strategy that focused on reducing signal threshold contrast in the amblyopic eye under a constant and high noise contrast in the fellow eye (HNC), and compared it to a typical dichoptic strategy that aimed at increasing the tolerable noise contrast in the fellow eye (i.e., TNC strategy). We recruited 16 patients with amblyopia and divided them into two groups. Eight patients in Group 1 received the HNC training, while the other eight patients in Group 2 performed the TNC training first (Phase 1) and then crossed over to the HNC training (Phase 2). We measured contrast sensitivity functions (CSFs) separately in the amblyopic and fellow eyes when the untested eye viewed mean luminance (monocularly unmasked) or noise stimuli (dichoptically masked) before and after training at a particular frequency. The area under the log contrast sensitivity function (AULCSF) of masked and unmasked conditions, and dichoptic gain (the ratio of AULCSF of masked to unmasked condition) were calculated for each eye. We found that both dichoptic training paradigms substantially improved masked CSF, dichoptic gain, and visual acuity in the amblyopic eye. As opposed to the TNC paradigm, the HNC training produced stronger effects on masked CSFs, stereoacuity, dichoptic gain, and visual acuity in the amblyopic eye. Interestingly, the second-phase HNC training in Group 2 also induced further improvement in the masked contrast sensitivity and AULCSF in the amblyopic eye. We concluded that the HNC training strategy was more effective than the TNC training paradigm. Future design for dichoptic training should not only focus on increasing the tolerable noise contrast in the fellow eye but should also “nurture” the amblyopic eye under normal binocular viewing conditions and sustained interocular suppression.

scholarly journals Perceptual learning improves contrast sensitivity and visual acuity in adults with anisometropic amblyopia

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 739-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifeng Zhou ◽  
Changbing Huang ◽  
Pengjing Xu ◽  
Liming Tao ◽  
Zhuping Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Perceptual Learning ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Anisometropic Amblyopia

Binocular treatment in adult amblyopia is based on parvocellular or magnocellular pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 658-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Shuai ◽  
Zou Leilei ◽  
Wen Wen ◽  
Wang Shu ◽  
Liu Gangsheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Perceptual Learning ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Magnocellular Pathway ◽  
Strabismic Amblyopia ◽  
Anisometropic Amblyopia ◽  
Before And After

Introduction: Amblyopia is speculated to be an untreatable disease in the patient, who is beyond the critical period of vision; however, currently, it is treatable in adults. Purpose: This study aimed to elucidate whether the treatment is useful in both anisometropic amblyopia and strabismic amblyopia. In addition, the differences were detected between anisometropic amblyopia and strabismic amblyopia after the same perceptual treatment and whether the suppression in anisometropic amblyopia or strabismic amblyopia could be decreased before and after the treatment. Methods: A binocular perceptual learning was applied for the treatment, the suppression was measured, and the patients were followed up for 2 months after training. Anisometropic amblyopia and strabismic amblyopia groups were subjected to the assessment of stereo, visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and suppression before and after the training. Results: After 6 weeks of “Diploma Gabor Orientation Coherence” training, in the anisometropic amblyopia group, the outcomes of visual acuity (t = 3.114, p = 0.026) and contrast sensitivity (t = 7.786, p = 0.001) were increased significantly. While in the strabismic amblyopia group, the outcomes of stereo (t = 2.987, p = 0.040) and contrast sensitivity (t = 3.638, p = 0.022) were increased significantly. Conclusion: After Diploma Gabor Orientation Coherence training in the same frequency and in the same duration, the anisometropic amblyopia group got an improvement in visual acuity, but the strabismic amblyopia group got an improvement in stereo. As there are evidences to show that anisometropic amblyopia and strabismic amblyopia were injured in different pathways, we think the diverse results might come from the different pathway injury in anisometropic amblyopia and strabismic amblyopia.

scholarly journals Perceptual learning improves contrast sensitivity, visual acuity, and foveal crowding in amblyopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 483-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Barollo ◽  
Giulio Contemori ◽  
Luca Battaglini ◽  
Andrea Pavan ◽  
Clara Casco
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Perceptual Learning ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity

Pediatric Cataract Surgery: Comparison between Ages at Surgery and Contrast Sensitivity Outcomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Aquirina Caesari Putri ◽  
Rozalina Loebis
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Cataract Extraction ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Natural World ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pediatric Cataract ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Pediatric cataracts are major causes of children’s blindness. Surgery has proven to be beneficial in terms of visual function prognosis. Contrast sensitivity evaluation after surgery is as important as visual acuity considering that natural world consists of various objects in low-to-medium contrasts. The purpose of this study is to analyze the difference of contrast sensitivity outcomes based on ages at surgery. Method: Retrospective data of children with pediatric developmental cataract from July 2013 to November 2015 were collected. All children who underwent cataract surgery at 60-months-old or less were randomized into two groups, ≤24 months and >24-to-60 months. Contrast sensitivity was then examined with preferential-looking method using Hiding Heidi low-contrast test face chart. The main outcome measures were contrast sensitivity of both groups. Age-at-evaluation, cataract onset, duration of follow-up, duration of deprivation and visual acuity were also noted. Result: Of 14 children (23 eyes), 11 eyes (47,8%) were in ≤24 months group, 12eyes (52,2%) were in >24-to-60 months group. All eyes underwent cataract extraction and similar type of intraocular lens implantation. Mean age-at-surgery was 28,2 months±16,8 (SD). Mean contrast sensitivity for each group was 47,50 %±42,29 and 18,33%±27,38, respectively, with p-value 0,031. Further analysis of Spearman’s correlation test demonstrated significant negative correlation (rs = -0,559; p = 0,006) between the two groups. Conclusion: There was statistically significant difference in contrast sensitivity between those who underwent surgery at ≤24 months and >24-to-60 months. Children who underwent surgery at older ages tend to have better contrast sensitivity afterwards.

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