scholarly journals On $q$-Covering Designs

10.37236/8718 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Pavese
Keyword(s):  
Upper Bounds ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Covering Designs ◽  
Covering Design

A $q$-covering design $\mathbb{C}_q (n, k, r)$, $k \ge r$, is a collection $\mathcal{X}$ of $(k-1)$-spaces of $PG(n-1, q)$ such that every $(r-1)$-space of $PG(n-1,q)$ is contained in at least one element of $\mathcal{X}$ . Let $\mathcal{C}_q(n, k, r)$ denote the minimum number of $(k-1)$-spaces in a $q$-covering design $\mathbb{C}_q (n, k, r)$. In this paper improved upper bounds on $\mathcal{C}_q(2n, 3, 2)$, $n \ge 4$, $\mathcal{C}_q(3n + 8, 4, 2)$, $n \ge 0$, and $\mathcal{C}_q(2n,4,3)$, $n \ge 4$, are presented. The results are achieved by constructing the related $q$-covering designs.

scholarly journals Some Constructions of General Covering Designs

10.37236/2606 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Montecalvo
Keyword(s):  
Upper Bounds ◽  
Minimum Size ◽  
Covering Designs ◽  
Covering Design ◽  
Positive Integers

Given five positive integers $v, m,k,\lambda$ and $t$ where $v\geq k \geq t$ and $v \geq m \geq t,$ a $t$-$(v,k,m,\lambda)$ general covering design is a pair $(X,\mathcal{B})$ where $X$ is a set of $v$ elements (called points) and $\mathcal{B}$ a multiset of $k$-subsets of $X$ (called blocks) such that every $m$-subset of $X$ intersects (is covered by) at least $\lambda$ members of $\mathcal{B}$ in at least $t$ points. In this article we present new constructions for general covering designs and we generalize some others. By means of these constructions we will be able to obtain some new upper bounds on the minimum size of such designs.

Conflict-Free Colourings of Uniform Hypergraphs With Few Edges

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. KOSTOCHKA ◽  
M. KUMBHAT ◽  
T. ŁUCZAK
Keyword(s):  
Chromatic Number ◽  
Upper Bound ◽  
Upper Bounds ◽  
Uniform Hypergraph ◽  
Lower And Upper Bounds ◽  
Uniform Hypergraphs ◽  
Minimum Number

A colouring of the vertices of a hypergraph is called conflict-free if each edge e of contains a vertex whose colour does not repeat in e. The smallest number of colours required for such a colouring is called the conflict-free chromatic number of , and is denoted by χCF(). Pach and Tardos proved that for an (2r − 1)-uniform hypergraph with m edges, χCF() is at most of the order of rm1/r log m, for fixed r and large m. They also raised the question whether a similar upper bound holds for r-uniform hypergraphs. In this paper we show that this is not necessarily the case. Furthermore, we provide lower and upper bounds on the minimum number of edges of an r-uniform simple hypergraph that is not conflict-free k-colourable.

scholarly journals Dicycle Cover of Hamiltonian Oriented Graphs

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Khalid A. Alsatami ◽  
Hong-Jian Lai ◽  
Xindong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Bipartite Graphs ◽  
Upper Bounds ◽  
Oriented Graphs ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Complete Bipartite Graphs ◽  
Number Of Classes

A dicycle cover of a digraph D is a family F of dicycles of D such that each arc of D lies in at least one dicycle in F. We investigate the problem of determining the upper bounds for the minimum number of dicycles which cover all arcs in a strong digraph. Best possible upper bounds of dicycle covers are obtained in a number of classes of digraphs including strong tournaments, Hamiltonian oriented graphs, Hamiltonian oriented complete bipartite graphs, and families of possibly non-Hamiltonian digraphs obtained from these digraphs via a sequence of 2-sum operations.

scholarly journals On restricted domination in graphs

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Samodivkin
Keyword(s):  
Dominating Set ◽  
Domination Number ◽  
Upper Bounds ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Domination In Graphs ◽  
Restricted Domination Number

AbstractThe k-restricted domination number of a graph G is the minimum number d k such that for any subset U of k vertices of G, there is a dominating set in G including U and having at most d k vertices. Some new upper bounds in terms of order and degrees for this number are found.

scholarly journals Regarding Two Conjectures on Clique and Biclique Partitions

10.37236/9564 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhruv Rohatgi ◽  
John C. Urschel ◽  
Jake Wellens
Keyword(s):  
Upper Bounds ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower And Upper Bounds ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Other Regarding

For a graph $G$, let $cp(G)$ denote the minimum number of cliques of $G$ needed to cover the edges of $G$ exactly once. Similarly, let $bp_k(G)$ denote the minimum number of bicliques (i.e. complete bipartite subgraphs of $G$) needed to cover each edge of $G$ exactly $k$ times. We consider two conjectures – one regarding the maximum possible value of $cp(G) + cp(\overline{G})$ (due to de Caen, Erdős, Pullman and Wormald) and the other regarding $bp_k(K_n)$ (due to de Caen, Gregory and Pritikin). We disprove the first, obtaining improved lower and upper bounds on $\max_G cp(G) + cp(\overline{G})$, and we prove an asymptotic version of the second, showing that $bp_k(K_n) = (1+o(1))n$.

scholarly journals Obtaining a Proportional Allocation by Deleting Items

Algorithmica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Britta Dorn ◽  
Ronald de Haan ◽  
Ildikó Schlotter
Keyword(s):  
Control Problem ◽  
Polynomial Time ◽  
Polynomial Time Algorithm ◽  
Time Algorithm ◽  
Upper Bounds ◽  
Fair Allocation ◽  
Indivisible Goods ◽  
Lower And Upper Bounds ◽  
Proportional Allocation ◽  
Minimum Number

AbstractWe consider the following control problem on fair allocation of indivisible goods. Given a set I of items and a set of agents, each having strict linear preferences over the items, we ask for a minimum subset of the items whose deletion guarantees the existence of a proportional allocation in the remaining instance; we call this problem Proportionality by Item Deletion (PID). Our main result is a polynomial-time algorithm that solves PID for three agents. By contrast, we prove that PID is computationally intractable when the number of agents is unbounded, even if the number k of item deletions allowed is small—we show that the problem is $${\mathsf {W}}[3]$$ W [ 3 ] -hard with respect to the parameter k. Additionally, we provide some tight lower and upper bounds on the complexity of PID when regarded as a function of |I| and k. Considering the possibilities for approximation, we prove a strong inapproximability result for PID. Finally, we also study a variant of the problem where we are given an allocation $$\pi $$ π in advance as part of the input, and our aim is to delete a minimum number of items such that $$\pi $$ π is proportional in the remainder; this variant turns out to be $${{\mathsf {N}}}{{\mathsf {P}}}$$ N P -hard for six agents, but polynomial-time solvable for two agents, and we show that it is $$\mathsf {W[2]}$$ W [ 2 ] -hard when parameterized by the number k of

scholarly journals Bounds on the Distinguishing Chromatic Number

10.37236/177 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen L. Collins ◽  
Mark Hovey ◽  
Ann N. Trenk
Keyword(s):  
Finite Group ◽  
Abelian Group ◽  
Automorphism Group ◽  
Chromatic Number ◽  
Automorphism Groups ◽  
Upper Bounds ◽  
Underlying Graph ◽  
Minimum Number

Collins and Trenk define the distinguishing chromatic number $\chi_D(G)$ of a graph $G$ to be the minimum number of colors needed to properly color the vertices of $G$ so that the only automorphism of $G$ that preserves colors is the identity. They prove results about $\chi_D(G)$ based on the underlying graph $G$. In this paper we prove results that relate $\chi_D(G)$ to the automorphism group of $G$. We prove two upper bounds for $\chi_D(G)$ in terms of the chromatic number $\chi(G)$ and show that each result is tight: (1) if Aut$(G)$ is any finite group of order $p_1^{i_1} p_2^{i_2} \cdots p_k^{i_k}$ then $\chi_D(G) \le \chi(G) + i_1 + i_2 \cdots + i_k$, and (2) if Aut$(G)$ is a finite and abelian group written Aut$(G) = {\Bbb Z}_{p_{1}^{i_{1}}}\times \cdots \times {\Bbb Z}_{p_{k}^{i_{k}}}$ then we get the improved bound $\chi_D(G) \le \chi(G) + k$. In addition, we characterize automorphism groups of graphs with $\chi_D(G) = 2$ and discuss similar results for graphs with $\chi_D(G)=3$.

scholarly journals Drawing a Graph in a Hypercube

10.37236/1099 ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Upper Bounds ◽  
Lower And Upper Bounds ◽  
Line Segments ◽  
Sidon Sets ◽  
Minimum Number

A $d$-dimensional hypercube drawing of a graph represents the vertices by distinct points in $\{0,1\}^d$, such that the line-segments representing the edges do not cross. We study lower and upper bounds on the minimum number of dimensions in hypercube drawing of a given graph. This parameter turns out to be related to Sidon sets and antimagic injections.

scholarly journals New Computational Upper Bounds for Ramsey Numbers $R(3,k)$

10.37236/2824 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Goedgebeur ◽  
Stanisław P. Radziszowski
Keyword(s):  
Lower Bounds ◽  
Independent Sets ◽  
Upper Bounds ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Free Graph ◽  
Ramsey Numbers ◽  
Critical Graph ◽  
Minimum Number

Using computational techniques we derive six new upper bounds on the classical two-color Ramsey numbers: $R(3,10) \le 42$, $R(3,11) \le 50$, $R(3,13) \le 68$, $R(3,14) \le 77$, $R(3,15) \le 87$, and $R(3,16) \le 98$. All of them are improvements by one over the previously best known bounds. Let $e(3,k,n)$ denote the minimum number of edges in any triangle-free graph on $n$ vertices without independent sets of order $k$. The new upper bounds on $R(3,k)$ are obtained by completing the computation of the exact values of $e(3,k,n)$ for all $n$ with $k \leq 9$ and for all $n \leq 33$ for $k = 10$, and by establishing new lower bounds on $e(3,k,n)$ for most of the open cases for $10 \le k \le 15$. The enumeration of all graphs witnessing the values of $e(3,k,n)$ is completed for all cases with $k \le 9$. We prove that the known critical graph for $R(3,9)$ on 35 vertices is unique up to isomorphism. For the case of $R(3,10)$, first we establish that $R(3,10)=43$ if and only if $e(3,10,42)=189$, or equivalently, that if $R(3,10)=43$ then every critical graph is regular of degree 9. Then, using computations, we disprove the existence of the latter, and thus show that $R(3,10) \le 42$.

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