Norms of valence, arousal, concreteness, familiarity, imageability, and context availability for 1,100 Chinese words

Abstract As the use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) for the Mendelian diseases diagnosis is expanding, the performance of this method has to be improved in order to achieve higher quality. Typically, performance measures are considered to be designed in the context of each application and, therefore, account for a spectrum of clinically relevant variants. We present EphaGen, a new computational methodology for bioinformatics quality control (QC). Given a single NGS dataset in BAM format and a pre-compiled VCF-file of targeted clinically relevant variants it associates this dataset with a single arbiter parameter. Intrinsically, EphaGen estimates the probability to miss any variant from the defined spectrum within a particular NGS dataset. Such performance measure virtually resembles the diagnostic sensitivity of given NGS dataset. Here we present case studies of the use of EphaGen in context of BRCA1/2 and CFTR sequencing in a series of 14 runs across 43 blood samples and 504 publically available NGS datasets. EphaGen is superior to conventional bioinformatics metrics such as coverage depth and coverage uniformity. We recommend using this software as a QC step in NGS studies in the clinical context. Availability: https://github.com/m4merg/EphaGen or https://hub.docker.com/r/m4merg/ephagen.

Download Full-text

The complex interactions of context availability, polysemy, word frequency, and orthographic variables during lexical processing

Memory & Cognition ◽

10.3758/s13421-019-00934-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 47 (7) ◽

pp. 1297-1313

Author(s):

Caitlin A. Rice ◽

Natasha Tokowicz ◽

Scott H. Fraundorf ◽

Teljer L. Liburd

Keyword(s):

Word Frequency ◽

Lexical Processing ◽

Complex Interactions ◽

Context Availability

Download Full-text

Concreteness and Context Availability in Lexical Decision

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e501882009-495 ◽

2000 ◽

Author(s):

Avishai Henik ◽

Shelly Drori

Keyword(s):

Lexical Decision ◽

Context Availability

Download Full-text

Context availability and the recall of abstract and concrete words

Memory & Cognition ◽

10.3758/bf03208259 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 96-104 ◽

Cited By ~ 77

Author(s):

Paula J. Schwanenflugel ◽

Carolyn Akin ◽

Wei-Ming Luh

Keyword(s):

Context Availability ◽

Concrete Words

Download Full-text

Disentangling Context Availability and Concreteness in Lexical Decision and Word Translation

The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A ◽

10.1080/713755752 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 41-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

Janet G. van Hell ◽

Annette M. B. de Groot

Keyword(s):

Lexical Decision ◽

Coding Theory ◽

Lexical Processing ◽

Dual Coding ◽

The Third ◽

Concreteness Effect ◽

Decision Performance ◽

Context Availability ◽

Bilingual Processing ◽

Concrete Words

This study examines contrasting predictions of the dual coding theory and the context availability hypothesis regarding concreteness effects in monolingual and bilingual lexical processing. In three experiments, concreteness was controlled for or confounded with rated context availability. In the first experiment, bilingual subjects performed lexical decision in their native language (Dutch, L1). In the second experiment, lexical decision performance of bilinguals in their second language (English, L2) was examined. In the third experiment, bilinguals translated words “forwards” (from L1 to L2) or “backwards” (from L2 to L1). Both monolingual and bilingual tasks showed a concreteness effect when concreteness was confounded with context availability. However, concreteness effects disappeared when abstract and concrete words were matched on context availability, and even occasionally reversed. Implications of these results for theories that account for concreteness effects, particulary in bilingual processing, are discussed.

Download Full-text

Mapping concrete and abstract meanings to new words using verbal contexts

Second language Research ◽

10.1177/0267658313512668 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 191-223 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Anna Mestres-Missé ◽

Thomas F Münte ◽

Antoni Rodriguez-Fornells

Keyword(s):

Concrete Word ◽

Abstract Word ◽

Conceptual Information ◽

Word Meanings ◽

New Words ◽

Concreteness Effect ◽

Context Availability ◽

Word Concreteness ◽

Stimulus Materials ◽

New Evidence

In three experiments, we examine the effects of semantic context and word concreteness on the mapping of existing meanings to new words. We developed a new-word-learning paradigm in which participants were required to discover the meaning of a new-word form from a specific verbal context. The stimulus materials were manipulated according to word concreteness, context availability and semantic congruency across contexts. Overall, participants successfully learned the meaning of the new word whether it was a concrete or an abstract word. Concrete word meanings were discovered and learned faster than abstract word meanings even when matched on context availability. The present results are discussed considering the various hypotheses that have been used to try to explain the ‘concreteness effect’. We conclude that the present investigation provides new evidence that the concreteness effect observed in learning is due to the different organization of abstract and concrete conceptual information in semantic memory.

Download Full-text