Construction safety ontology development and alignment with industry foundation classes (IFC)

A pronounced gap often exists between expected and actual safety performance in the construction industry. The multifaceted causes of this performance gap are resulting from the misalignment between design assumptions and actual construction processes that take place on-site. In general, critical factors are rooted in the lack of interoperability around the building and work-environment information due to its heterogeneous nature. To overcome the interoperability challenge in safety management, this paper represents the development of an ontological model consisting of terms and relationships between these terms, creating a conceptual information model for construction safety management and linking that ontology to IfcOWL. The developed ontology, named Safety and Health Exchange (SHE), comprises eight concepts and their relationships required to identify and manage safety risks in the design and planning stages. The main concepts of the developed ontology are identified based on reviewing accident cases from 165 Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations (RIDDOR) and 31 Press Releases from the database of the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) in the United Kingdom. Consequently, a semantic mapping between the developed ontology and IfcOWL (the most popular ontology and schema for interoperability in the AEC sector) is proposed. Then several SPARQL queries were developed and implemented to evaluate the semantic consistency of the developed ontology and the cross-mapping. The proposed ontology and cross-mapping gained recognition for its innovation in utilising OpenBIM and won the BuildingSMART professional research award 2020. This work could facilitate developing a knowledge-based system in the BIM environment to assist designers in addressing health and safety issues during the design and planning phases in the construction sector.

Towards classification of stative verbs in view of corpus data

The paper presents work in progress on the compilation and automatic annotation of a dataset comprising examples of stative verbs in parallel Bulgarian-Russian corpora with the goal of facilitating the elaboration of a classification of stative verbs in the two languages based on their lexical and semantic properties. We extract stative verbs from the Bulgarian and the Russian WordNets with their assigned conceptual information (frames) from FrameNet. We then assign the set of probable Bulgarian and Russian stative verbs to the verb instances in a parallel Bulgarian-Russian corpus using WordNet correspondences to filter out unlikely stative candidates. Further, manual inspection will ensure high quality of the resource and its application for the purposes of semantic analysis.

The role of agrarian science in transforming methods of using the Earth remote sensing data into publicly available technology

Improvement of the Earth remote sensing technology has led to an active implementation of its results in many areas of human activity with a significant expansion of both the number of industries using remote sensing data and the range of problems to be solved. Agriculture is perhaps the only industry where there is a symbiosis of this data obtained from both spacecraft, unmanned aerial vehicles, and ground vehicles with a significant intersection of information used in many sectors of economy, such as cartography, ecology, land management, logistics, construction, weather and climate, etc. Such an integrated use of heterogeneous information from various sources requires developing a digital decryption tool (standard) in the form of a unified geographic information system and a unified conceptual information model of crop production. From such a geographic information system, users could obtain unified digitized images, which would be ready for use and entering into their databases, whereas a unified conceptual information model of crop production, integrating all the knowledge of this industry, should turn into a kind of a publicly available technology. On the other hand, digitalization of the economy has significantly expanded the range of problems to be solved not only in production, but also in science, allowing for purely theoretical scientific research to actively penetrate into production. This also requires appropriate digital standards and managerial structures.

Explication of Concept THOUGHT in Epic Formulas Olonkho “Ala Bulkun” T. V. Zakharova-Chebiy

A study of epic formulas that explicate variations of the concept THOUGHT in the olonkho text of the narrator T. V. Zakharova-Chebiy “Ala Bulkun”, which refers to the early (pre-revolutionary) records of the Yakut epic, is carried out. The results of a conceptual analysis of variations of the concept THOUGHT, which, according to the author's observations, are formed during the functioning of the lexemes sanaa ‘thought’ (39 formulas) and tolkuy ‘thought, idea, consideration, reflection’ (7 formulas), taking into account the general context of epic formulas are presented in the article. It has been established that the concept THOUGHT, as a prototype that reveals the greatest number of characteristics, underlies the formation of the following concept-variations derived from it: ANGRY THOUGHTS, BOLD THOUGHTS, REFLECTION, INTENTION, LIGHTNESS, BAD THOUGHTS, HEAVY THOUGHTS, HURRY THOUGHTS and THOUGHTS ABOUT LOVE. It has been established that conceptual information can also come from the general context of an epic formula without a representative lexeme. It was revealed that the studied concepts carry an axiological load and serve to reveal the images of epic characters. According to the author, the estimated value of the concepts under consideration, in addition to the cognitive function itself, is also one of the factors contributing to the stability of the epic formula.

Automated geological map deconstruction for 3D model construction using <i>map2loop</i> 1.0 and <i>map2model</i> 1.0

At a regional scale, the best predictor for the 3D geology of the near-subsurface is often the information contained in a geological map. One challenge we face is the difficulty in reproducibly preparing input data for 3D geological models. We present two libraries (map2loop and map2model) that automatically combine the information available in digital geological maps with conceptual information, including assumptions regarding the subsurface extent of faults and plutons to provide sufficient constraints to build a prototype 3D geological model. The information stored in a map falls into three categories of geometric data: positional data, such as the position of faults, intrusive, and stratigraphic contacts; gradient data, such as the dips of contacts or faults; and topological data, such as the age relationships of faults and stratigraphic units or their spatial adjacency relationships. This automation provides significant advantages: it reduces the time to first prototype models; it clearly separates the data, concepts, and interpretations; and provides a homogenous pathway to sensitivity analysis, uncertainty quantification, and value of information studies that require stochastic simulations, and thus the automation of the 3D modelling workflow from data extraction through to model construction. We use the example of the folded and faulted Hamersley Basin in Western Australia to demonstrate a complete workflow from data extraction to 3D modelling using two different open-source 3D modelling engines: GemPy and LoopStructural.

The language ability, speech competence, speech activity of Generation Z

The paper aims to demonstrate possible approaches to solving problems arising during comprehensive linguistic description of the language ability, speech competence, speech activity of Generation Z. This purpose was achieved with the help of evaluation of speech acts performed in the process of associating and in the course of spontaneous connected written speech activity. Material: the results of free and directed pair by association tests conducted by the author in 2010–2012, 2015–2016, 2019–2021. Additionally, essay texts about the topics «I and the world around me», «If it were not for computers and tablet computers», «My city» («What places in Omsk do I like to visit? Why? «), «Who do I want to resemble?», «An elderly person. What is he / she like?», «Old age. What is it like? «, «In my old age I will…», «Happiness… as I understand it» were used. The essays were written by school students of the 7th, 8th and 9th forms in 2005, 2010, 2015–2016, 2020. Methods: free and directed pair by association experiments, comprehensive text analysis. The latter enabled the author to define the following parameters: communicative (speech strategies and tactics, communication types), cognitive (actualisation of meanings and cognitive structures), semantic (word selection, distribution of object features, identification of predicates and so on), statistical (the number of words per sentence and sentences per text). The results of the study: specific features of speech actions during free and directed pair by association tests were determined. Additionally, the research revealed that Generation Z members use slang verbal and graphic signs; typical scenarios caused by certain cognitive fragments which are present in their linguistic consciousness prevail. Conclusions: I-to-subject communication is the key means for organising narration, and it dominates the communicative organisation of connected texts independent of the topic. Semantic text development is based on the form and contents of the title and virtually follows it in the reactive dialogical mode. Introductions and conclusions in the essays are reduced. At the informational level, conceptual information outweighs factual and directly develops the thesis implied in the title. The variety of semantic, conceptual, cognitive features of the texts is limited; the essays are devoid of conceptual multiple layers. The development level of teenagers’ discursive thinking, in particular, inadequate development of speech activity determines their mastering of the format of a cohesive speech piece. This is shown in organisational simplicity and insufficient text volume; cohesion is achieved with the help of lexical and syntactic repetition. In the process of written speech, the types of performed speech actions aimed to verbalise meanings are connected with the reproduction of cognitive scenarios (temporal, identification, existential) already formed in the mind. The mentioned scenarios are also manifested during free and directed by pair association in the experimental setting.

Understanding the impact of supporting conceptual information design

This article argues that supporting conceptual information design should be a priority as it will better equip design practitioners for their jobs. Findings from a longitudinal evaluation of a tool – MapCI Cards – using multiple methods to assess the impact of supporting conceptual design in professional practice are reported here. Internal and external factors emerged as having an adverse influence on information designers’ responses to conceptual design. Increased conceptual design awareness and more confident decisions resulted from working with a support tool. Structure, flexibility, and externalizations are indicated as possible ways to effectively support conceptual information design. The article ends with recommendations for future support tools.