A review of demodulation techniques for multifrequency atomic force microscopy
2020 ◽
Vol 11
◽
pp. 76-91
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Keyword(s):
This article compares the performance of traditional and recently proposed demodulators for multifrequency atomic force microscopy. The compared methods include the lock-in amplifier, coherent demodulator, Kalman filter, Lyapunov filter, and direct-design demodulator. Each method is implemented on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) with a sampling rate of 1.5 MHz. The metrics for comparison include the sensitivity to other frequency components and the magnitude of demodulation artifacts for a range of demodulator bandwidths. Performance differences are demonstrated through higher harmonic atomic force microscopy imaging.
2018 ◽
Vol 9
◽
pp. 490-498
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Keyword(s):
2013 ◽
Vol 56
(9)
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pp. 811-817
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1993 ◽
Vol 32
(Part 1, No. 6B)
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pp. 2965-2968
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2019 ◽
Vol 561
◽
pp. 194-200
2008 ◽
Vol 108
(15)
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pp. 2803-2812
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