scholarly journals Base metal-catalyzed benzylic oxidation of (aryl)(heteroaryl)methanes with molecular oxygen

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 144-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Sterckx ◽  
Johan De Houwer ◽  
Carl Mensch ◽  
Wouter Herrebout ◽  
Kourosch Abbaspour Tehrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Oxygen ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Iron Catalyst ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Metal Impurity ◽  
Alternative Synthesis ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Benzylic Oxidation ◽  
Metal Catalyzed ◽  
Methylene Group

The methylene group of various substituted 2- and 4-benzylpyridines, benzyldiazines and benzyl(iso)quinolines was successfully oxidized to the corresponding benzylic ketones using a copper or iron catalyst and molecular oxygen as the stoichiometric oxidant. Application of the protocol in API synthesis is exemplified by the alternative synthesis of a precursor to the antimalarial drug Mefloquine. The oxidation method can also be used to prepare metabolites of APIs which is illustrated for the natural product papaverine. ICP–MS analysis of the purified reaction products revealed that the base metal impurity was well below the regulatory limit.

ChemInform Abstract: Base Metal-Catalyzed Benzylic Oxidation of (Aryl)(heteroaryl)methanes with Molecular Oxygen.

ChemInform ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Sterckx ◽  
Johan De Houwer ◽  
Carl Mensch ◽  
Wouter Herrebout ◽  
Kourosch Abbaspour Tehrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Oxygen ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Benzylic Oxidation ◽  
Metal Catalyzed

A Review on Metal Impurities in Pharmaceuticals

2021 ◽  
pp. 212-222
Author(s):  
Ashok B. Patel ◽  
Avadhi R. Bundheliya ◽  
Amitkumar J. Vyas ◽  
Nilesh K. Patel ◽  
Ajay I. Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Product ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Pharmaceutical Product ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Impurity Level ◽  
Metal Catalyst ◽  
Metal Impurity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Metal Impurities ◽  
Icp Ms

Sources of metal impurities can from anywhere in drug product as raw material which may produce using metal catalyst, excipients, process materials, Water or any solvent used, manufacturing equipment, environment, packaging materials. So, it leads to metal impurity in high amount present in final drug product that is why it is important to check the impurity level in final drug product or as well as in process also that it should be present in low or acceptable amount. Any Drug product is not completely pure, some amount of metal impurities are always present in pharmaceutical product may cause various toxicity when it will be administered. Thus it is necessary to check impurity level is present at acceptable amount. The present review gives an account of updated information about metal impurities and reviews the regulatory aspects for such metal impurities in drug substance/drug product. In addition the aim of this article is to discuss the currently used different analytical techniques for detection of metals from drug product like spectrophotometry, X – Ray florescence spectrometry, AAS, INAA, ICP – AES, ICP – MS, MP – AES, Laser Ablation – ICP – MS etc which is used for quality control of metal impurities in pharmaceuticals.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Homogeneous Metal-Catalyzed Aerobic C–H Oxidation of Benzylic Compounds

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garazi Urgoitia ◽  
Raul SanMartin ◽  
María Herrero ◽  
Esther Domínguez
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Oxygen ◽  
Aerobic Oxidation ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Aromatic Ketones ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Metal Catalyzed

Csp3–H oxidation of benzylic methylene compounds is an established strategy for the synthesis of aromatic ketones, esters, and amides. The need for more sustainable oxidizers has encouraged researchers to explore the use of molecular oxygen. In particular, homogeneous metal-catalyzed aerobic oxidation of benzylic methylenes has attracted much attention. This account summarizes the development of this oxidative strategy in the last two decades, examining key factors such as reaction yields, substrate:catalyst ratio, substrate scope, selectivity over other oxidation byproducts, and reaction conditions including solvents and temperature. Finally, several mechanistic proposals to explain the observed results will be discussed.

Base-Metal-Catalyzed Hydrogen Generation from Carbon- and Boron Nitrogen-Based Substrates

2018 ◽  
pp. 453-488
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Alberico ◽  
Lydia K. Vogt ◽  
Nils Rockstroh ◽  
Henrik Junge
Keyword(s):  
Base Metal ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Metal Catalyzed ◽  
Boron Nitrogen

Metal-free allylic/benzylic oxidation strategies with molecular oxygen: recent advances and future prospects

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 2344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kexian Chen ◽  
Pengfei Zhang ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Haoran Li
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Oxygen ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Benzylic Oxidation

ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Transition-Metal Catalyzed Reactions Using Molecular Oxygen as the Oxidant

ChemInform ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (30) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
Zhuangzhi Shi ◽  
Chun Zhang ◽  
Conghui Tang ◽  
Ning Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Molecular Oxygen ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Transition Metal Catalyzed ◽  
Catalyzed Reactions ◽  
Metal Catalyzed

Base metal-catalyzed alcohol C–C couplings under hydrogen transfer conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 1073-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Cai ◽  
Feng Li ◽  
Yu-Qing Li ◽  
Wu-Bin Zhang ◽  
Feng-Hua Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Base Metal ◽  
Hydrogen Transfer ◽  
Metal Catalyzed

A Biomimetic Iron Catalyst for the Epoxidation of Olefins with Molecular Oxygen at Room Temperature

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1425-1429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Schröder ◽  
Benoît Join ◽  
Arlin Jose Amali ◽  
Kathrin Junge ◽  
Xavi Ribas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Oxygen ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Iron Catalyst ◽  
Epoxidation Of Olefins
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