scholarly journals Efficient mechanochemical synthesis of regioselective persubstituted cyclodextrins

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 2364-2371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laszlo Jicsinszky ◽  
Marina Caporaso ◽  
Katia Martina ◽  
Emanuela Calcio Gaudino ◽  
Giancarlo Cravotto
Keyword(s):  
Mechanochemical Synthesis ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Planetary Ball Mill ◽  
Aprotic Solvents ◽  
Isolation And Purification ◽  
Cyclodextrin Derivative ◽  
Complete Reaction ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions

A number of per-6-substituted cyclodextrin derivative syntheses have been effectively carried out in a planetary ball mill under solvent-free conditions. The preparation of Bridion® and important per-6-amino/thiocyclodextrin intermediates without polar aprotic solvents, a source of byproducts and persistent impurities, could be performed. Isolation and purification processes could also be simplified. Considerably lower alkylthiol/halide ratio were necessary to reach the complete reaction in comparison with thiourea or azide reactions. While the presented mechanochemical syntheses were carried out on the millimolar scale, they are easily scalable.

Fast, solvent-free and highly enantioselective fluorination of β-keto esters catalyzed by chiral copper complexes in a ball mill

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1674-1677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifeng Wang ◽  
Haojiang Wang ◽  
Yidong Jiang ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Juanjuan Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ball Mill ◽  
Copper Complexes ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Planetary Ball Mill ◽  
Keto Esters ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions

A fast and highly enantioselective fluorination of β-keto esters catalyzed by diphenylamine linked bis(oxazoline)-Cu(OTf)2 complexes under solvent-free conditions has been developed using a planetary ball mill.

Synthesis of Phosphine Chalcogenides Under Solvent-Free Conditions Using a Rotary Ball Mill

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (8) ◽  
pp. 1028-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajnish Kumar ◽  
Saurabh Kumar ◽  
Madhusudan K. Pandey ◽  
Vitthalrao S. Kashid ◽  
Latchupatula Radhakrishna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ball Mill ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions ◽  
Phosphine Chalcogenides

scholarly journals Expeditious, mechanochemical synthesis of BODIPY dyes

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 786-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laramie P Jameson ◽  
Sergei V Dzyuba
Keyword(s):  
Mechanochemical Synthesis ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions

BODIPY dyes have been synthesized under solvent-free or essentially solvent-free conditions, within about 5 minutes in an open-to-air setup by using a pestle and mortar, with yields that are comparable to those obtained via traditional routes that typically require reaction times of several hours to days.

scholarly journals The two-step mechanochemical synthesis of porphyrins

2014 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 59-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Shy ◽  
Paula Mackin ◽  
Andrea S. Orvieto ◽  
Deepa Gharbharan ◽  
Geneva R. Peterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Mechanochemical Synthesis ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Oxidizing Agent ◽  
Carbon Bond ◽  
Carbon Carbon Bond ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions ◽  
Porphyrin Synthesis

Porphyrin synthesis under solvent-free conditions represents the “greening” of a traditional synthesis that normally requires large amounts of organic solvent, and has hindered the industrial-scale synthesis of this useful class of molecules. We have found that the four-fold acid-catalysed condensation of aldehyde and pyrrole to yield a tetra-substituted porphyrin is possible through mechanochemical techniques, without a solvent present. This represents one of the still-rare examples of carbon–carbon bond formation by mechanochemistry. Specifically, upon grinding equimolar amounts of pyrrole and benzaldehyde in the presence of an acid catalyst, cyclization takes place to give reduced porphyrin precursors (reversible), which upon oxidation form tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP). The approach has been found to be suitable for the synthesis of a variety of meso-tetrasubstituted porphyrins. Oxidation can occur either by using an oxidizing agent in solution, to give yields comparable to those published for traditional methods of porphyrin synthesis, or through mechanochemical means resulting in a two-step mechanochemical synthesis to give slightly lower yields that are still being optimized. We are also working on “green” methods of porphyrin isolation, including entrainment sublimation, which would hopefully further reduce the need for large amounts of organic solvent. These results hold promise for the development of mechanochemical synthetic protocols for porphyrins and related classes of compounds.

scholarly journals Assembly of fully substituted triazolochromenes via a novel multicomponent reaction or mechanochemical synthesis

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 2689-2697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robby Vroemans ◽  
Yenthel Verhaegen ◽  
My Tran Thi Dieu ◽  
Wim Dehaen
Keyword(s):  
Multicomponent Reaction ◽  
Mechanochemical Synthesis ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Viable Alternative ◽  
Dipolar Cycloaddition ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Organic Azides ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions

A new metal-free one-pot three-component procedure towards fully substituted triazolochromenes has been developed, starting from commercially available materials. Salicylaldehydes and nitroalkenes were reacted under solvent-free conditions, followed by a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of the intermediate 3-nitro-2H-chromenes with organic azides in a one-pot two-step sequence. The triazolochromenes were formed with complete regioselectivity and new biologically relevant structures were synthesized via extension of the developed procedure and via postfunctionalization. The mechanochemical synthesis was carried out for several salicylaldehydes and gave a clear improvement in the yield of the corresponding triazolochromenes and consequently showed to be a viable alternative for solid salicylaldehydes.

scholarly journals Kinetics and mechanism of mechanochemical synthesis of hafnium nitride ceramics in a planetary ball mill

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (18) ◽  
pp. 24818-24826 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Nepapushev ◽  
V.S. Buinevich ◽  
L.C. Gallington ◽  
J.M. Pauls ◽  
T. Orlova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanochemical Synthesis ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Kinetics And Mechanism ◽  
Planetary Ball Mill ◽  
Hafnium Nitride ◽  
Nitride Ceramics

scholarly journals Mechanochemical synthesis of N-doped porous carbon at room temperature

Nanoscale ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 4712-4718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirian Elizabeth Casco ◽  
Sebastian Kirchhoff ◽  
Desirée Leistenschneider ◽  
Marcus Rauche ◽  
Eike Brunner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanochemical Synthesis ◽  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Planetary Ball Mill ◽  
Porous Carbons ◽  
One Pot

One-pot mechanochemical synthesis of N-doped porous carbons at room temperature using a planetary ball mill.

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