scholarly journals REPUTED DENTISTS AND / OR SPECIALISTS IN THE ORO-MAXILLO-FACIAL FIELD WHO WORKED IN FRENCH CIVIL AND MILITARY HOSPITALS DURING THE FIRST WORLD WAR (1914-1918)

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-322
Author(s):  
Liliana Moraru ◽  
◽  
Viorel Ștefan Perieanu ◽  
Mihai Burlibașa ◽  
Claudia-Camelia Burcea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
First World War ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
World War ◽  
Military Hospitals ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World

The First World War was and is considered the most terrible conflagration of all time. Thus, over 65,000,000 soldiers made up the corps of land armies, naval and air forces, combat armies that participated in the conduct of military operations during the First World War. About 8,500,000 people died and more than 21,000,000 were injured. France was one of the countries most affected by this war, its medical services, including dentistry and oral and maxillofacial surgery, being completely obsolete. Thus, in this material, we tried to describe some important figures of French oral and maxillofacial dentistry and surgery, which were active in French civil and military hospitals during the First World War (1914-1918).

تطورات رومانيا الداخلية وسياستها الخارجية أبان الحرب العالمية الاولى حتى احتلال بخارست (آب 1914 – كانون الاول 1916)

لارك ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
فهد عويد عبد
Keyword(s):  
First World War ◽  
The Other ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
World War ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Political Unity ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Balkan Region ◽  
First World

The Balkan region in general and Romania in particular have witnessed major political developments during the First World War. Suffice it to say that the first outbreak of war began from the Balkans, namely Sarajevo, and ended in the Balkans, where the last peace treaties were signed with the surrender of Bulgaria on September 29, 1918. Years of War The Balkans were generally a theater in which the armies of the belligerents demonstrated their military capabilities. Moreover, in the same period, both sides of the conflict (the Axis Powers or the Wafd States) were struggling to obtain the support of the Balkans, including Romania, Sugary, political and economic, both on military operations or planed Supply issues or control over trade routes, and on the other side of Romania was seeking for its part to take advantage of the chance of war to the maximum extent possible to achieve the national dream of achieving political unity.

scholarly journals KRIVOLAK BATTLE- EXAMPLE OF A SENSELESS HUMAN TRAGEDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 1401-1405
Author(s):  
Oliver Cackov
Keyword(s):  
First World War ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Military ◽  
First World ◽  
Human Tragedy

In this paper the battle of Krivolak is presented as an example of a senseless human tragedy that took place during the First World War and took place in central Macedonia. This battle showed all the nonsense, absurdity and futile tragedy of the participants in it. It outlines the schedule and military operations of the Bulgarian and French troops, enriched with geographical and topographical data. Also it points to the unbearable position in which soldiers from both sides found themselves, the cruel discipline and the specific and psychologically condition of the long-suffering in the shades. In the paper there is also a point about the complete eviction of the surrounding villages, some of which were completely destroyed. During this period the population was not spared not only by the military events but also by the many diseases that mercilessly decimated it. The subject refers only to one episode of the war in this part of the Macedonian front which I think will turn it around the attention.

Situating the Belgian Congo in Belgium’s First World War Centenary

2018 ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
Laurence van Ypersele ◽  
Enika Ngongo
Keyword(s):  
Central Africa ◽  
First World War ◽  
Local History ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Actual Contribution ◽  
Belgian Congo ◽  
War Commemoration ◽  
First World

As in other countries, the surge of interest in Great War commemoration in Belgium has taken many by surprise. Public engagement in 2014 was undeniable: exhibitions were visited, special newspaper editions were bought, documentaries were watched and elaborate commemorations attended. Public demand for knowledge of the First World War was driven by a desire to situate family and local history within wider themes of the War. In the course of such commemoration, Belgians rediscovered the horror of the trenches, the massacres of civilians in 1914 and the harshness of the German occupation, whilst attempting to situate their own family histories in the grand narrative of the conflict. In contrast, it is clear that the participation of the Belgian Congo in the First World War received neither official nor media attention. Only modest private initiatives saw the light of day during the Centenary. But with a significant Congolese diaspora resident in Belgium, how can we explain the ‘forgetting’ of the Belgian Congo in the Centenary commemorations? What indeed was the Belgian Congo’s actual contribution to the War? Who organised those rare initiatives of commemoration and for whose benefit? These are the questions that will frame this chapter, which examines the two major issues that pertained to the Belgian Congo in 1914-1918: the question of the colony’s neutrality and then the major military operations in central Africa. In light of this, the chapter then examines and explains the lack of commemorative activity in Belgium concerning its former colony. This chapter concludes that the regional administrative division of commemorative organisation combined with the historical conditioning of Belgian colonial memory created this absence in Belgium’s Centenary commemorations....

scholarly journals The british military hospitals in macedonia during the first world war

PRILOZI ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
Vladimir Cvetkovski
Keyword(s):  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Medical Work ◽  
Military Hospitals ◽  
British Military ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Operating Theatres ◽  
First World

AbstractThe paper focusses its attention to the medical work of the British Military hospitals stationed in Macedonia during the First World War, the surgical work carried out under very heavy conditions in improvised operating theatres as well as the treatment of the wounded and sick solders brought from the battlefields on the Macedonian Front.

scholarly journals Russian Propaganda During the First World War: Technologies and Forms

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 589-608
Author(s):  
Anna Hedo ◽  
Svitlana Liaskovska
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
First World War ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
World War ◽  
Orthodox Christian ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Printed Materials ◽  
First World

The purpose of the article is to analyse the use of political propaganda methods employed by the Russian Empire before and during the First World War, in particular, on the Ukrainian lands, which became a direct theatre of military operations and a field of confrontation between intelligence and counterintelligence services of belligerent powers, which exercised manipulative influence upon great masses of population and implemented special technologies for the formation of public opinion. The research methodology is based on the principles of objectivity, systematicity, dialectics, historicism and interdisciplinarity. The study is grounded on problemchronological, institutional and historical methods, as well as social psychology methods, used in propaganda practices. Scientific novelty: on the basis of printed materials: brochures, First World War periodicals, published posters and woodcuts (lubki prints), as well as memoirs of people, involved in the organization of propaganda campaigns, certain objects, technologies and forms of propaganda, in particular, the involvement of intelligence officers of the Russian Imperial Army in manipulative technologies, were defined. The widespread use of propaganda and counter-propaganda by the states that were the main players of the First World War, became a kind of hallmark of that war. In Russia, unlike other states, there were no special bodies and no such bodies were created later to influence public opinion in their own, hostile or neutral states. The peculiarity of the propaganda of the Russian Empire was the use of mainly constructive (positive) propaganda aimed at neutralizing social conflicts within the state, uniting the population and the authorities and their joint struggle against the enemy. The ideas of Pan-Slavism and Neo-Slavism were actively applied in the international realm. They were aimed at the unity of the Slavic world under the auspices of Russia as the defender of the Slavic peoples and the Orthodox Christian faith. The use of destructive propaganda technologies was aimed at creating the image of the “enemy” and uniting patriotic forces against it. At the same time, Russia failed to offer Slavic peoples of the empire, in particular Ukrainians, to realize their political aspirations in resolving the national issue; it did not feel a change of mood and did not restructure the content of propaganda rhetoric, which eventually led to its defeat in the information and psychological space.

scholarly journals FIRST BATTLE LINE ON SALONICA FRONT 1916-1918

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 1573-1578
Author(s):  
Oliver Cackov
Keyword(s):  
First World War ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
World War ◽  
Front Line ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The Military ◽  
First World ◽  
Central Forces

During the First World War Macedonia in its ethnic borders was a space of bloody fights of the Great Powers and their struggle for world domination and colonial empires. The front line on the territory of Macedonia, known as the Front of Macedonia, whose length was several hundred kilometers long, stretched predominantly through the mountainous areas at an altitude of over 2,000 meters where the armed conflicts, between the forces of the Entente and the Central Powers took place. The immediate cause of the formation of the Macedonian Front was the failure of the Dardanelles Operation, when troops from Galipola were transferred to Thessaloniki. The Macedonian front was the only allied front where the only command had been operating throughout its existence. At the beginning, the main command was held by the General Moris Saraj. The paper deals with the tragedy of the cities and the population, and the mountain heights that were located on the first frontline of the Macedonian Front, with huge destruction and devastation from everyday artillery and air strikes. Bitola as an important communication point was constantly exposed to bombardment, and many of the surrounding villages disappeared forever. Only a few kilometers southeast of Bitola is the top Kajmakcalan, where there were also fierce fighting with many casualties and terrible devastation. The Battle of Kajmakcalan as part of the military operations of the Macedonian Front is one of the great battles of the First World War. In the history, the Battle of Kajmakchalan has been observed according to the great number of dead and wounded and the altitude where it took place. The breathtaking legendary city of Dojran and its surroundings, located in the center of the demarcation (front line), was completely destroyed. The residents of Dojran, on the orders of the Central Forces who were stationed there, left their homes and left in other Macedonian cities, but also in Serbia and Bulgaria, before the very beginning of the "Dojran Front".

Population displacement in East Prussia during the First World War

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Leiserowitz
Keyword(s):  
Forced Migration ◽  
First World War ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
World War ◽  
Population Displacement ◽  
German Empire ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
East Prussia ◽  
First World

As a region bordering the Russian Empire, East Prussia was (apart from Alsace-Lorraine) the only part of the German Empire to be directly affected by the military operations of the First World War. The refugee crisis in 1914 found everyone totally unprepared. In August 1914 two distinct waves of forced migration took place: in the first, the population fled westwards before returning to their homes in 1916. The second wave concerned Germans who were seized by Russian occupying forces and forcibly settled in the Russian interior. Their repatriation was complicated by the Russian revolution and the ensuing civil war. This chapter discusses the experiences of these two groups, attempts to assist them and how population displacement was represented by contemporaries.

scholarly journals The illusions of encounter: Muslim ‘minds’ and Hindu revolutionaries in First World War Germany and after

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kris K. Manjapra
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
South Asia ◽  
First World War ◽  
Loss Of Control ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
World War ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World ◽  
Absolute Control

German political Orientalists in the era of the First World War thought that new ethnographic methods and insights would allow them to coax Muslim populations throughout the Middle East and South Asia into violent revolt against the British. The European imperial mindset insisted that non-Western peoples could be mastered and masterminded at whim. In fact, German pursuit of absolute control of Asian populations led to their loss of control, as their misrecognitions of the facts on the ground placed them in relationships of mutually-affecting lived encounter with Indian revolutionaries. While these interactions remained largely limited to the realm of military operations during the war, they opened up into ideological encounters on the radical fringes of Weimar society in the war’s aftermath. Yet far from a study of humanistic exchange or understanding, this essay seeks to historicize the meetings of Germans and Indian émigrés and show how misrepresentations and power asymmetries were endemic to the encounter between these groups.

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