scholarly journals ‘I have no Horror of Being an Old-Maid’:* Single Women in the Religious Society of Friends 1780–1860

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-104
Author(s):  
Sheila Wright
Keyword(s):  
Single Women ◽  
Society Of Friends ◽  
Religious Society Of Friends ◽  
Old Maid

Religious Society of Friends

2010 ◽  
pp. 1312-1312
Author(s):  
Camillo von Mueller ◽  
Wim Van Opstal ◽  
Christopher S. Biggers ◽  
Andras Kelen ◽  
Bryan T. Froehle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Society Of Friends ◽  
Religious Society Of Friends

scholarly journals Spiritual Discernment, the Incorporated Organization, and Corporate Law: The Case of Quaker Business Method

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Nicholas Burton ◽  
Jonathan Bainbridge
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Corporate Law ◽  
Religious Organizations ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Management Innovation ◽  
Society Of Friends ◽  
Spiritual Discernment ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Religious Society Of Friends

The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which practices from the spiritual traditions—in our case, spiritual discernment—may offer opportunities for management innovation in non-religious organizations in designing collaborative and participative decision-making processes. We examine the case of a spiritual discernment practice associated with the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) in the UK—known as the Quaker Business Method (QBM)—to help illuminate the opportunities of spiritual discernment in private limited companies. Given that the majority of non-religious, trading organizations are structured as private limited companies, our paper addresses the extent to which QBM can be utilized by such entities. Thus, we bring religion and corporate law into conversation to address this under-explored terrain. We find that embedding many elements of Quaker spiritual discernment in private limited companies pose non-trivial challenges. However, many of these challenges can be overcome so long as those involved in managing and owning organizations actively engage with corporate law, and specifically consider the benefits of adopting bespoke articles of association or entering into a separate shareholder agreement to reflect the practice of spiritual discernment. We necessarily adopt a practice-orientated perspective, and conclude by proposing new pathways for future research.

scholarly journals Plague as a means of religious controversy

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Z. Yu. Metlitskaya
Keyword(s):  
Church Of England ◽  
Society Of Friends ◽  
Religious Controversy ◽  
The Church ◽  
Religious Society Of Friends

Translation of a treatise by George Whitehead, a member of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers), criticizing the position of the Church of England during the Great Plague of London, 1665-1666.

scholarly journals Zitelle e zitellacce. Prejudices and scorn in the perception of widows and single women in Italy in the 19th century

2017 ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Monica Miscali
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Neutral Word ◽  
Single Women ◽  
Considerable Change ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Bourgeois Society ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Hostile Attitude ◽  
Old Maid

Abstract: Living alone in the pre-industrial world often created more complications for women than for men. The main source of this discrimination was a widespread prejudicial and hostile attitude towards unattached women and widows in general. Past societies have generated both pejorative and celebratory words to describe women who have never been married or were widowed. Expressions such as “old maid”, “vecchia zitella” or the slightly more benevolent expression “poor widow” have become commonplace. The aim of this paper is firstly to highlight the negative prejudices suffered by single women and widows in past centuries. Secondly, it hopes to demonstrate the considerable change in society’s attitude towards unmarried women that accompanied the rise of the bourgeois society and that transformed the semantic sense of the otherwise neutral word zitella to the pejorative one it has today. Despite focusing on the particular case of Italy, it will also seek to give a brief overview of the situation in the rest of Europe.Key words: Widows, single women, zitella, prejudices, stereotypes, ItalyRésumé: Vivre seul dans le monde préindustriel a souvent créé plus de complications pour les femmes que pour les hommes. La principale source de cette discrimination était une attitude préjudiciable et hostile envers les femmes seules et les veuves en général. Les sociétés du passé ont généré de nombreux mots péjoratifs pour décrire les femmes qui n’ont jamais été mariées ou qui étaient veuves. Combien de fois avons-nous entendu des mots tels que «old maid», ou bien «vieille fille» ou encore l’expression apparemment bienveillante “pauvre veuve”. Le but de cet article est de mettre en évidence les préjugés négatifs qui ont été employé au cours des siècles passésafin de décrire les femmes célibataires et les veuves et de montrer comment l’attitude de la société envers les femmes célibataires a considérablement changé avec la montée de la société bourgeoise qui a transformé le sens sémantique du mot “zitella” originairement neutre en un terme au sens aujourd’hui péjoratifact francese. L’article se concentrera sur les cas de l’Italie, mais il cherchera aussi à donner un bref aperçu de la situation dans le reste de l’Europe.Mots-clés: Veuves, femmes célibataires, vieille fille, préjugés, stéréotypes, zitella  

Quakers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard C. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Society Of Friends ◽  
Religious Society Of Friends

Although the Toleration Act (1689) eased the position of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) in many ways, the path towards full tolerance and acceptance remained rough. Their refusal to take oaths of allegiance meant that another expedient to demonstrate loyalty had to be found. Likewise, the refusal to pay tithes or to serve in the militia were also areas of contention. In an attempt to distance themselves from radical seventeenth-century associations, they sought to develop frameworks to provide for the internal regulation of the behaviour of their members. A number of popular customs, such as drinking and gambling, were regarded as inappropriate and there was a growing emphasis on the importance of marrying within the community. Although the enforcement of this code had an impact on the size of the membership, from the middle of the eighteenth century, Friends were increasingly involved in ‘respectable’ business and often did well within this context.

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