Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Effects of Cassava Effluents using the Allium cepa Assay

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.I. Olorunfemi ◽  
G.E. Okoloko ◽  
A.A. Bakare ◽  
A. Akinboro
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Allium Cepa Assay

scholarly journals Genotoxicity of aqueous extracts of Tulbaghia violacea as determined through an Allium cepa assay

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (1/2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lerato N. Madike ◽  
Samkeliso Takaidza ◽  
Cornelius Ssemakalu ◽  
Michael Pillay
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Allium Cepa Assay ◽  
Chromosome Bridges

Tulbaghia violacea (wild garlic) is commonly used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments including fungal infections, gastrointestinal ailments, asthma, fever, colds and pulmonary tuberculosis. We assessed the potential genotoxic effects of water extracts from the leaves, stems and roots of T. violacea using the Allium cepa assay. Extracts at concentrations of 100, 250, 500 and 1000 μg/mL were tested on root meristems of A. cepa. Ethidium bromide was used as a positive control whereas distilled water acted as a negative control. The results reveal that as the concentrations of the water extracts of T. violacea increased, the mitotic indices decreased. Similarly, the percentage of chromosomal aberrations was dependent on the concentration as well as on which part of the plant was used. The six most common chromosome aberrations included laggard chromosomes, chromosome bridges, c-mitosis, sticky chromosomes, formation of binuclei and formation of trinuclei. The presence of micronucleated cells at interphase also increased as the concentration of the water extracts increased. The results confirm that water extracts of T. violacea exert significant genotoxic effects at higher concentrations, with the stem extracts being more toxic than the leaf and root extracts at similar concentrations. Significance: • Water extracts of T. violacea – a plant commonly used in traditional medicine – were found to have significant genotoxic effects at higher concentrations.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Asa River Water in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria for Available Pollutants and their Effects on Mitosis and Chromosomes Morphology in Allium cepa Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
A. Akinboro ◽  
N.A. Peter ◽  
M.A. Rufai ◽  
A.O. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Water Sample ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Control Root ◽  
Volatile Organic Pollutants ◽  
Allium Cepa Assay ◽  
Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons

T: This study evaluated water samples from Asa River in Kwara state, Nigeria, for cytogenotoxicity at 25.0 %, 50.0 %, 100.0 % following the Allium cepa assay. Onions were grown in the water samples for microscopic and macroscopic screenings. Heavy metals and volatile organic pollutants in the water were elucidated using AAS and GCMS techniques. The Water samples except the sample ‘C’ induced higher mitotic index (MI) than the negative control. Root growth was significantly promoted at 25.0 %, and significantly reduced at 50.0 % and 100.0 % of the sample ‘C’ and 100.0 % of the sample ‘A’. Water sample ‘A’ (100.0%) induced highest percentage chromosomal aberrations (CA) while the water samples ‘B’ and ‘C’ induced higher percentage CA than the negative control. Cadmium was detected at a concentration higher than its permissible limit in drinking water. Poly aromatic hydrocarbons, Aromatic amines, Acridine dye, Phenolic and Polychlorinated compounds were detected in the water sample. The observed proliferative, inhibitory, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of the water samples on A. cepa cells suggest that Asa river was polluted, having potential to adversely affect humans, animals and plants utilizing it along its course. Keywords: Allium cepa; Asa River; cytogenotoxicity; Nigeria; pollutants

Exploration of acute genotoxic effects and antigenotoxic potential of gambogic acid using Allium cepa assay

2017 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 643-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Shetty ◽  
Thejaswini Venkatesh ◽  
Padmanaban S. Suresh ◽  
Rie Tsutsumi
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Gambogic Acid ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Allium Cepa Assay

Genotoxic effect of fruit extract of wild and cultivated cucurbits using Allium cepa assay

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Rupinderpal Kaur ◽  
Yumnam Devashree ◽  
Ravindra Kumar ◽  
Saurabh Gupta ◽  
Mohd. Saleem Wani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Genotoxic Effect ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Allium Cepa Assay

scholarly journals Assessment of genotoxic effects of pesticide and vermicompost treated soil with Allium cepa test

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivika Datta ◽  
Jaswinder Singh ◽  
Joginder Singh ◽  
Sharanpreet Singh ◽  
Simranjeet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Treated Soil ◽  
Allium Cepa Test

scholarly journals Relative Genotoxic Effects of Cypermethrin, Alphamethrin and Fenvalerate on the Root Meristems of Allium cepa

CYTOLOGIA ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bandaru V. Rao ◽  
Tanikella L. Narasimham ◽  
Muktinutalapati V. Subbarao
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Root Meristems

Potential genotoxic effects of melted snow from an urban area revealed by the Allium cepa test

Chemosphere ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 1344-1347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Blagojević ◽  
Gorana Stamenković ◽  
Mladen Vujošević
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Melted Snow ◽  
Allium Cepa Test
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