Linking Energy-Loss Mechanisms to Dark Contrast for the Emission of Dynamic Secondary Electrons

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 448-453
Author(s):  
Pyeong Kang Kim ◽  
Yeong Jun Kim ◽  
Wajahat Hussain ◽  
Taek Yong Hwang ◽  
Jongweon Cho
2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 619-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afzaal Qamar ◽  
Stewart Sherrit ◽  
Xu-Qian Zheng ◽  
Jaesung Lee ◽  
Philip X.-L. Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

1999 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 598-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Spicer ◽  
Christopher J. K. Richardson ◽  
Michael J. Ehrlich ◽  
Johanna R. Bernstein ◽  
Masahiko Fukuda ◽  
...  

Chain drive efficiency has been studied to understand energy loss mechanisms in bicycle drive trains, primarily for derailleur-type systems. An analytical study of frictional energy loss mechanisms for chain drives is given along with a series of experimental measurements of chain drive efficiency under a range of power, speed and lubrication conditions. Measurements of mechanical efficiency are compared to infrared measurements indicating that frictional losses cannot account for the observed variations in efficiency. The results of this study indicate that chain tension and sprocket size primarily affect efficiency and that non-thermal loss mechanisms dominate overall chain drive efficiency.


1981 ◽  
Vol 14 (33) ◽  
pp. 5151-5169 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Shimomae ◽  
Y Hirose ◽  
C Hamaguchi

1989 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 659-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. Freinkel ◽  
S. Bartolucci Luyckx

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