EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION UPON THE LESIONS OF THE MIDDLE EAR ORGANS, INCLUDING THE ROUND AND OVAL WINDOW, CARRIED OUT ACCORDING TO THE ELECTRICAL COCHLEAR RESPONSE

AbstractObjective:Optical coherence tomography was used to study the stapes footplate, both in cadaveric temporal bones and during middle-ear surgery.Materials and methods:Optical coherence tomography was conducted on five temporal bone preparations (from two children and three adults) and in eight patients during middle-ear surgery. A specially equipped operating microscope with integrated spectral domain optical coherence tomography apparatus was used for standard middle-ear surgical procedures.Results:This optical coherence tomography investigation enabled in vivo visualisation and documentation of the annular ligament, the different layers of the footplate and the inner-ear structures, both in non-fixed and fixed stapes footplates. In cases of otosclerosis and tympanosclerosis, an inhomogeneous and irregularly thickened footplate was found, in contrast to the appearance of non-fixed footplates. In both fixed and non-fixed footplates, there was a lack of visualisation of the border between the footplate and the otic capsule.Conclusions:Investigation of the relatively new technology of optical coherence tomography indicated that this imaging modality may assist the ear surgeon to assess the oval window niche intra-operatively.

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Rupture of the round Window Membrane

Annals of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology ◽

10.1177/000348947608500119 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 85 (1) ◽

pp. 105-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

P. H. Taylor ◽

P. G. Bicknell

Keyword(s):

Middle Ear ◽

Surgical Intervention ◽

Round Window ◽

Oval Window ◽

Round Window Membrane ◽

Physical Effort ◽

Cochlear Aqueduct ◽

Definite Improvement ◽

History Of ◽

Pressure Changes

A case of sudden deafness due to rupture of the round window membrane is presented. Nineteen similar cases have previously been reported in the literature. In a review of these twenty patients, it is noted that a history of concurrent physical effort or barotrauma was present in eighteen. This supports the view that the injury is produced by pressure changes acting either along the cochlear aqueduct (the explosive route) or, directly on the middle ear structures (the implosive route). At operation, the rupture may be difficult to see, and a separate leak from the oval window may be present. The timing of any surgical intervention is important. The authors recommend that this should be deferred for one week after the onset of symptoms, as the fistula may heal spontaneously. If no definite improvement has occurred at the end of this time, then tympanotomy should be undertaken during the next week.

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Unusual middle-ear mischief: trans-tympanic trauma from a hair grip resulting in ossicular, facial nerve and oval window disruption

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215106001423 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 120 (9) ◽

pp. 793-795 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J D Snelling ◽

A Bennett ◽

P Wilson ◽

M Wickstead

Keyword(s):

Facial Nerve ◽

Tympanic Membrane ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Oval Window ◽

Delayed Presentation ◽

Stapes Footplate ◽

Horizontal Portion

A case of piercing of the tympanic membrane, resulting in unusual consequences, is described. This is the first reported case of the long process of a dislocated incus resulting in trauma to the horizontal portion of a dehiscent facial nerve. Simultaneous depression of the stapes footplate resulted in a perilymph leak, but with delayed presentation.

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Preservation of Cochlear Function in the Surgery of Cholesteatomatous Labyrinthine Fistulas and Oval Window Tympanosclerosis

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1177/019459988709600201 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 96 (2) ◽

pp. 111-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

G.D.L. Smyth ◽

P.K. Gormley

Keyword(s):

Surgical Treatment ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Hair Cells ◽

Hearing Preservation ◽

Oval Window ◽

Cochlear Function ◽

Recent Developments ◽

Middle Ear Disease ◽

Implanted Device ◽

Uncommon Complication

Anakusis is reported as a not uncommon complication of the surgical treatment of cholesteatomatous fistula of the labyrinth. Likewise, although published results on the surgical treatment of tympanoscierotic ears are infrequent, most otologists are aware of greater than usual risks of severe sensorineural impairment from ossiculoplasty In this type of middle ear disease. Because of recent developments in implanted aids-to-hearing, in tympanoplasty operations, when they fail to adequately improve hearing, preservation of eighth nerve function becomes ever-increasingly important. This article concerns two types of middle ear disease in which surgical treatment threatens hair cells and neurons, to the extent that surgical complications might prejudice the eventual possible benefits of a standard hearing aid or any implanted device, if either was indicated.

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The effects of fibrin tissue adhesive on the middle ear

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215100093919 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 97 (2) ◽

pp. 141-148 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

D. Katzke ◽

A. Pusalkar ◽

E. Steinbach

Keyword(s):

Inner Ear ◽

Fibrin Glue ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Microscopic Examination ◽

Oval Window ◽

Tissue Adhesive ◽

Middle Ear Surgery ◽

Ear Surgery ◽

Membranous Labyrinth ◽

Fibrin Tissue Adhesive

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of fibrin glue (‘Tissucol’, Immuno Pty. Ltd.) in the middle and inner ear. Small amounts of the adhesive were used in 36 operations performed on 18 rabbits. The light microscopic examination of these ears four, eight and 12 weeks after surgery showed that the adhesive was well tolerated and that it did not have any toxic effecton on the middle ear or membranous labyrinth. The fibrin tissue adhesive can therefore safely be used to facilitate reconstructive middle-ear surgery and, with the aid of fasic, also for the closure of labyrinthine fistulae; or to achieve a definite seal of the oval window niche after stapes surgery.

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Tuberculous Disease of the Mucous Membrane of the Middle Ear and its Adnexa; an Experimental Investigation

BMJ ◽

10.1136/bmj.2.1820.1223 ◽

1895 ◽

Vol 2 (1820) ◽

pp. 1223-1226 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

W. Milligan

Keyword(s):

Experimental Investigation ◽

Mucous Membrane ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Tuberculous Disease

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The ear

10.1093/med/9780198767831.003.0014 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 497-518

Author(s):

Daniel R. van Gijn ◽

Jonathan Dunne

Keyword(s):

Inner Ear ◽

Temporal Bone ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Semicircular Canals ◽

Lateral Wall ◽

Oval Window ◽

External Ear ◽

Membranous Labyrinth ◽

Stapes Footplate ◽

Petrous Temporal Bone

The delicate yet definitive deflections of the pinna (wing/fin) of the external ear contribute to the collection of sound. The external acoustic meatus is responsible for the transmission of sounds to the tympanic membrane, which in turn separates the external ear from the middle ear. The middle ear is an air filled (from the nasopharynx via the eustachian tube), mucous membrane lined space in the petrous temporal bone. It is separated from the inner ear by the medial wall of the tympanic cavity – bridged by the trio of ossicles. The inner ear refers to the bony and membranous labyrinth and their respective contents. The osseus labyrinth lies within the petrous temporal bone. It consists of the cochlea anteriorly, semicircular canals posterosuperiorly and intervening vestibule – the entrance hall to the inner ear whose lateral wall bears the oval window occupied by the stapes footplate.

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