scholarly journals Hemispatial neglect in cerebrovascular disease involving the territory of the middle cerebral artery and posterior cerebral artery.

Nosotchu ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 348-353
Author(s):  
Kenichi Iijima ◽  
Shotai Kobayashi ◽  
Nobuo Suyama ◽  
Kazuya Yamashita ◽  
Shuhei Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Posterior Cerebral Artery ◽  
Hemispatial Neglect

Cerebrovascular Disease 1: Vascular Territories (DRAFT)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Kaplan ◽  
Tracey Milligan
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Anterior Cerebral Artery ◽  
Posterior Cerebral Artery ◽  
Sensory Loss ◽  
Homonymous Hemianopia ◽  
Leg Weakness ◽  
Sensory Changes ◽  
The Brain

The video in this chapter explores cerebrovascular disease, and focuses on vascular territories. It discusses the middle cerebral artery (MCA), posterior cerebral artery (PCA), and anterior cerebral artery (ACA), along with the portions of the brain they supply, as well as the different presentations of stroke in the three territories - contralateral weakness, sensory loss, and aphasia in MCA stroke, contralateral homonymous hemianopia in PCA stroke, and contralateral leg weakness and sensory changes in ACA stroke.

scholarly journals 5-French SOFIA: Safe Access and Support in the Anterior Cerebral Artery, Posterior Cerebral Artery, and Insular Middle Cerebral Artery

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 308-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley A. Gross ◽  
William J. Ares ◽  
Cynthia L. Kenmuir ◽  
Ashutosh P. Jadhav ◽  
Tudor G. Jovin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Posterior Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Arteriovenous Shunt ◽  
Carotid Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Case Type ◽  
Inner Diameter

Introduction: Distal access catheters are an infrequent focus of technical notes in neurointervention. The 5-French SOFIA’s unique design allows for compatibility with 6-French guide catheters, while its supple construction allows for remarkably distal access for a catheter with a 0.055-inch inner diameter. Methods: The authors reviewed a prospectively maintained endovascular database for cases utilizing the 5-French SOFIA from February 2017 through November 2017. Case type, SOFIA location, microcatheter used, and catheter-related complications were noted. Results: Over the evaluated period, the 5-French SOFIA was utilized in 33 cases, including 13 aneurysm treatments, 10 arteriovenous shunt embolizations, 5 stroke thrombectomies, and 5 other cases. Of 5 flow diversion cases, 1 was for a symptomatic cavernous internal carotid artery aneurysm necessitating transradial access, another for a ruptured A3 aneurysm, and another for a middle cerebral artery (M2) aneurysm; 2 were more proximal aneurysms. Thrombectomies were for M2 (n = 3) or A2 (n = 2) occlusions. In all cases, the 5-French SOFIA reached its anticipated distal target without complication or the need to utilize a smaller/alternative catheter. Of these 33 cases, there were 10 cases of distal SOFIA target locations: 6 M2/M3, 3 anterior cerebral arteries (ACA), and 1 posterior cerebral artery (PCA). M2/M3 and PCA catheterization was achieved over 2.1-Fr microcatheters; ACA catheterization employed a 2.9-Fr microcatheter for pipeline embolization and a deployed stentriever in the setting of two thrombectomies. Conclusion: The 5-French SOFIA can be safely utilized for distal, superselective catheterization in the context of complex neurointervention, including aneurysm and arteriovenous shunt embolization and distal thrombectomy.

Bypass of the maxillary to proximal middle cerebral artery or proximal posterior cerebral artery with radial artery graft

2011 ◽  
Vol 153 (8) ◽  
pp. 1649-1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang’en Shi ◽  
Hai Qian ◽  
K I Singh K.C. ◽  
Yongli Zhang ◽  
Zhongqing Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Radial Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Posterior Cerebral Artery ◽  
Radial Artery Graft ◽  
Artery Graft ◽  
Proximal Middle Cerebral Artery

scholarly journals The Mechanism of Macular Sparing

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan C. Horton ◽  
John R. Economides ◽  
Daniel L. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Posterior Cerebral Artery ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
Collateral Flow ◽  
Dual Representation ◽  
Field Representation ◽  
Occipital Pole ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Macular Sparing

Patients with homonymous hemianopia sometimes show preservation of the central visual fields, ranging up to 10°. This phenomenon, known as macular sparing, has sparked perpetual controversy. Two main theories have been offered to explain it. The first theory proposes a dual representation of the macula in each hemisphere. After loss of one occipital lobe, the back-up representation in the remaining occipital lobe is postulated to sustain ipsilateral central vision in the blind hemifield. This theory is supported by studies showing that some midline retinal ganglion cells project to the wrong hemisphere, presumably driving neurons in striate cortex that have ipsilateral receptive fields. However, more recent electrophysiological recordings and neuroimaging studies have cast doubt on this theory by showing only a minuscule ipsilateral field representation in early visual cortical areas. The second theory holds that macular sparing arises because the occipital pole, where the macula is represented, remains perfused after occlusion of the posterior cerebral artery because it receives collateral flow from the middle cerebral artery. An objection to this theory is that it cannot account for reports of macular sparing in patients after loss of an entire occipital lobe. On close scrutiny, such reports turn out to be erroneous, arising from inadequate control of fixation during visual field testing. Patients seem able to detect test stimuli on their blind side within the macula or along the vertical meridian because they make surveillance saccades. A purported treatment for hemianopia, called vision restoration therapy, is based on this error. The dual perfusion theory is supported by anatomical studies showing that the middle cerebral artery perfuses the occipital pole in many individuals. In patients with hemianopia from stroke, neuroimaging shows preservation of the occipital pole when macular sparing is present. The frontier dividing the infarcted territory of the posterior cerebral artery and the preserved territory of the middle cerebral artery is variable, but always falls within the representation of the macula, because the macula is so highly magnified. For physicians, macular sparing was an important neurological sign in acute hemianopia because it signified a posterior cerebral artery occlusion. Modern neuroimaging has supplanted the importance of that clinical sign but at the same time confirmed its validity. For patients, macular sparing remains important because it mitigates the impact of hemianopia and preserves the ability to read fluently. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Vision Science, Volume 7 is September 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

Radiation-induced Cerebrovasculopathy of the Distal Middle Cerebral Artery and Distal Posterior Cerebral Artery. Case Report.

2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 220-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu HASEGAWA ◽  
Jun-ichiro HAMADA ◽  
Motohiro MORIOKA ◽  
Yutaka KAI ◽  
Akihito HASHIGUCHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Posterior Cerebral Artery ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Distal Middle Cerebral Artery

Effects of Age and Sex on Middle Cerebral Artery Blood Velocity and Flow Pulsatility Index Across the Adult Lifespan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed R. Alwatban ◽  
Stacey E. Aaron ◽  
Carolyn S. Kaufman ◽  
Jill N. Barnes ◽  
Patrice Brassard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Pulsatility Index ◽  
Blood Velocity ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
Cerebrovascular Function ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Flow Pulsatility ◽  
End Tidal

Reduced middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCAv) and flow pulsatility are contributors to age-related cerebrovascular disease pathogenesis. It is unknown whether the rate of changes in MCAv and flow pulsatility support the hypothesis of sex specific trajectories with aging. Therefore, we sought to characterize the rate of changes in MCAv and flow pulsatility across the adult lifespan in females and males as well as within specified age ranges. Participant characteristics, mean arterial pressure, end-tidal carbon dioxide, unilateral MCAv and flow pulsatility index (PI) were determined from study records compiled from three institutional sites. 524 participants (18-90 years; 319 females; 205 males) were included in the analysis. MCAv was significantly higher in females within the 2nd (p <0.001), 5th (p = 0.01), and 6th (p <0.01) decades of life. Flow PI was significantly higher in females within the 2nd decade of life (p <0.01). Rate of MCAv decline was significantly greater in females than males (-0.39 vs. -0.26 cm s-1·yr, p = 0.04). Rate of flow PI rise was significantly greater in females than males (0.006 vs. 0.003 flow PI, p = 0.01). Rate of MCAv change was significantly greater in females than males in the 6th decade of life (-1.44 vs. 0.13 cm s-1·yr), p = 0.04). These findings indicate that sex significantly contributes to age-related differences in both MCAv and flow PI. Therefore, further investigation into cerebrovascular function within and between sexes is warranted to improve our understanding of the reported sex differences in cerebrovascular disease prevalence.

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