Prestack Scalar Reverse-Time Depth Migration of Three-Dimensional Elastic Seismic Data

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sun ◽  
G. A. McMechan ◽  
C-S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Reverse Time ◽  
Depth Migration

3‐D prestack reverse‐time depth migration applied to vertical cable seismic data

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunqing Shen ◽  
Paul A. Valasek ◽  
Kenneth R. Kelly ◽  
Norman Danil Whitmore ◽  
Kay D. Wyatt
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Reverse Time ◽  
Depth Migration

Evaluation of two‐pass three‐dimensional migration

Geophysics ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Dickinson
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Velocity Variation ◽  
Lateral Velocity ◽  
Data Manipulation ◽  
Depth Migration ◽  
Data Comparison ◽  
Time Migration ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

The theoretically correct way to perform a three‐dimensional (3-D) migration of seismic data requires large amounts of data manipulation on the computer. In order to alleviate this problem, a true, one‐pass 3-D migration is commonly replaced with an approximate technique in which a series of two‐dimensional (2-D) migrations is performed in orthogonal directions. This two‐pass algorithm produces the correct answer when the velocity is constant, both horizontally and vertically. Here I analyze the error due to this algorithm when the velocities vary vertically. The analysis has two parts: first, a theoretical analysis is performed in which a formula for the error is derived; and second, a field data comparison between one‐pass and two‐pass migrations is shown. My conclusion is that two‐pass 3-D migration is, in general, a very good approximation. Its errors are usually small, the exceptions being when both the reflector dip is large (in practice this typically means greater than about 25 to 40 degrees) and the orientation of the reflector is in neither the inline nor the crossline direction. Even then the error is the same order of magnitude as that due to the uncertainty in the migration velocities. These conclusions are still valid when there is lateral velocity variation, as long as this variation is accounted for by trace stretching. The analysis presented here deals with time migration; no claims are made regarding depth migration.

scholarly journals Practical implementation of three‐dimensional poststack depth migration

Geophysics ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moshe Reshef ◽  
David Kessler
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Velocity Variation ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Reverse Time ◽  
Reverse Time Migration ◽  
Depth Migration ◽  
Time Migration ◽  
Data Volume ◽  
Migration Method ◽  
The Given

This work deals with the practical aspects of three‐dimensional (3-D) poststack depth migration. A method, based on depth extrapolation in the frequency domain, is used for the migration. This method is suitable for structures with arbitrary velocity variation, and the number of computations required can be directly related to the complexity of the given velocity function. We demonstrate the superior computational efficiency of this method for 3-D depth migration relative to the reverse‐time migration method. The computational algorithm used for the migration is designed for a multi‐processor machine (Cray-XMP/48) and takes advantage of advanced disk technologies to overcome the input/output (I/O) problem. The method is demonstrated with both synthetic and field data. The migration of a typical 3-D data volume can be accomplished in only a few hours.

Combination of the CRS-based pre-stack data regularization and RTM: application to real land data

Geophysics ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-45
Author(s):  
German Garabito ◽  
Paul L. Stoffa ◽  
Yuri S. F. Bezerra ◽  
João L. Caldeira
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Seismic Source ◽  
Velocity Model ◽  
Reverse Time ◽  
Reverse Time Migration ◽  
Depth Migration ◽  
Time Migration ◽  
Data Regularization

The application of the reverse time migration (RTM) in land seismic data is still a great challenge due to its low quality, low signal-to-noise ratio, irregular spatial sampling, acquisition gaps, missing traces, etc. Therefore, prior to the application of this kind of depth migration, the input pre-stack data must be conveniently preconditioned, that is, it must be interpolated, regularized, and enhanced. There are several methods for seismic data preconditioning, but for 2D real land data, the regularization of pre-stack data based on common reflection surface (CRS) stack method provides high quality enhanced preconditioned data, which is suitable for pre-stack depth migration and velocity model building. This work demonstrates the potential of RTM combined with CRS-based pre-stack data regularization, applied to real land seismic data with low quality and irregularly sparse spatial sampled, from geologically complex areas with the presence of diabase sills and steep dip reflections. Usually, determining the wavelet of the seismic source from land data is a challenge, because of this, RTM migration is often applied using artificial sources (e.g. Ricker). In this work, from the power spectrum of the pre-stacked data, we determine the wavelet of the seismic source to apply the RTM to real land data. We present applications of the pre-stack data preconditioning based on CRS stack and of the RTM in 2D land data of Tacutu and Parnaiba Basins, Brazil. Comparisons with the standard Kirchhoff depth migration reveals that the RTM improves the quality and resolution of the migrated images.

scholarly journals Applications of operator separation in reflection seismology

Geophysics ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Operator Splitting ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Downward Continuation ◽  
Stratified Medium ◽  
Reflection Seismology ◽  
Lateral Variation ◽  
Depth Migration ◽  
Splitting Technique ◽  
Dimensional Splitting

The principle of operator separation, a generalization of operator splitting, is applied to some problems in reflection seismology. In particular, the examples of wave‐equation migration of seismic data in a three‐dimensional medium and accurate depth migration in a laterally varying medium are considered in light of this theory. For the case of a stratified three‐dimensional medium, the standard dimensional splitting technique used in the downward‐continuation step of the migration process can be replaced with full dimensional separation. The computational implications of this result are that the wave field array need only be transposed once during the downward continuation rather than 2n times, where n is the number of finite‐difference steps taken in the calculation. For the example of downward continuation in a laterally varying medium, the ideas of operator separation can be used to split the downward continuation operator into two parts, one that looks like the conventional downward‐continuation operator for a stratified medium, and a second that represents the correction for the effects of lateral variation.

Results of applying depth migration on 3D seismic data in the conditions of Eastern Siberia

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
E.A. Danko ◽  
◽  
A.V. Gaiduk ◽  
D.N. Tverdokhlebov ◽  
E.I. Goguzeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
3D Seismic ◽  
Eastern Siberia ◽  
Depth Migration ◽  
3D Seismic Data

Reconstruction of the Reservoir Fine Structure by Using Scattering Attributes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Cheverda ◽  
Vadim Lisitsa ◽  
Maksim Protasov ◽  
Galina Reshetova ◽  
Andrey Ledyaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Numerical Experiments ◽  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Fractured Reservoirs ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Discrete Elements ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
The North ◽  
Slip Surfaces

Abstract To develop the optimal strategy for developing a hydrocarbon field, one should know in fine detail its geological structure. More and more attention has been paid to cavernous-fractured reservoirs within the carbonate environment in the last decades. This article presents a technology for three-dimensional computing images of such reservoirs using scattered seismic waves. To verify it, we built a particular synthetic model, a digital twin of one of the licensed objects in the north of Eastern Siberia. One distinctive feature of this digital twin is the representation of faults not as some ideal slip surfaces but as three-dimensional geological bodies filled with tectonic breccias. To simulate such breccias and the geometry of these bodies, we performed a series of numerical experiments based on the discrete elements technique. The purpose of these experiments is the simulation of the geomechanical processes of fault formation. For the digital twin constructed, we performed full-scale 3D seismic modeling, which made it possible to conduct fully controlled numerical experiments on the construction of wave images and, on this basis, to propose an optimal seismic data processing graph.

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