Modeling Interpretable Fuzzy Rule-Based Classifiers for Medical Decision Support

Data Mining ◽  
2013 ◽  
pp. 1064-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose M. Alonso ◽  
Ciro Castiello ◽  
Marco Lucarelli ◽  
Corrado Mencar

Decision support systems in Medicine must be easily comprehensible, both for physicians and patients. In this chapter, the authors describe how the fuzzy modeling methodology called HILK (Highly Interpretable Linguistic Knowledge) can be applied for building highly interpretable fuzzy rule-based classifiers (FRBCs) able to provide medical decision support. As a proof of concept, they describe the case study of a real-world scenario concerning the development of an interpretable FRBC that can be used to predict the evolution of the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in subjects affected by Immunoglobin A Nephropathy (IgAN). The designed classifier provides users with a number of rules which are easy to read and understand. The rules classify the prognosis of ESRD evolution in IgAN-affected subjects by distinguishing three classes (short, medium, long). Experimental results show that the fuzzy classifier is capable of satisfactory accuracy results – in comparison with Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) neural networks – and high interpretability of the knowledge base.

Author(s):  
Jose M. Alonso ◽  
Ciro Castiello ◽  
Marco Lucarelli ◽  
Corrado Mencar

Decision support systems in Medicine must be easily comprehensible, both for physicians and patients. In this chapter, the authors describe how the fuzzy modeling methodology called HILK (Highly Interpretable Linguistic Knowledge) can be applied for building highly interpretable fuzzy rule-based classifiers (FRBCs) able to provide medical decision support. As a proof of concept, they describe the case study of a real-world scenario concerning the development of an interpretable FRBC that can be used to predict the evolution of the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in subjects affected by Immunoglobin A Nephropathy (IgAN). The designed classifier provides users with a number of rules which are easy to read and understand. The rules classify the prognosis of ESRD evolution in IgAN-affected subjects by distinguishing three classes (short, medium, long). Experimental results show that the fuzzy classifier is capable of satisfactory accuracy results – in comparison with Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) neural networks – and high interpretability of the knowledge base.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-291
Author(s):  
Anatoly I. Povoroznyuk ◽  
Khaled Shehna ◽  
Oksana A. Povoroznyuk

The paper considers the formalization of the stages and modeling of the mammographic examination procedure in the design of medical computer decision support systems. The mammographic examination process is presented in a generalized model, which consists of functional, structural, and mathematical models. The functional model (context diagram) is made using the functional modeling methodology. When analyzing the context diagram, four main functional blocks were identified: register a patient; perform registration and analysis of mammograms; carry out diagnostics; form a survey protocol. If there are standards for maintaining medical records and drawing up examination protocols, the first and last blocks are easily automated. The article focuses on the second and third blocks. At the mammogram analysis stage, the sub-stages “Perform preliminary processing” and “Perform morphological analysis” are essential. Preprocessing of mammograms (adaptive filtering, changing brightness or increasing contrast, etc.) is carried out using digital image processing methods to improve visualization quality. The result of morphological analysis is selecting structural elements and forming a set of diagnostic signs in the form of parameters of the found structural elements. Because some elements of mammograms (microcalcifications) have an irregular structure, specialized morphological analysis methods are used, based on taking into account the features of the images under consideration and their transformation methods in the form of the useful signal, in particular, fractal dimension models. The developed formalized models made it possible to reasonably design the decision support system’s structure during mammographic examinations, information, mathematical, software, and hardware to increase medical services’ efficiency and minimize the risks of medical errors.


Author(s):  
I-Chin Wu ◽  
Tzu-Li Chen ◽  
Yen-Yi Feng ◽  
Ya-Ling Cheng ◽  
Yung-Chih Chuang

Author(s):  
Praveen Kumar Dwivedi ◽  
Surya Prakash Tripathi

Background: Fuzzy systems are employed in several fields like data processing, regression, pattern recognition, classification and management as a result of their characteristic of handling uncertainty and explaining the feature of the advanced system while not involving a particular mathematical model. Fuzzy rule-based systems (FRBS) or fuzzy rule-based classifiers (mainly designed for classification purpose) are primarily the fuzzy systems that consist of a group of fuzzy logical rules and these FRBS are unit annexes of ancient rule-based systems, containing the "If-then" rules. During the design of any fuzzy systems, there are two main objectives, interpretability and accuracy, which are conflicting with each another, i.e., improvement in any of those two options causes the decrement in another. This condition is termed as Interpretability –Accuracy Trade-off. To handle this condition, Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms (MOEA) are often applied within the design of fuzzy systems. This paper reviews the approaches to the problem of developing fuzzy systems victimization evolutionary process Multi-Objective Optimization (EMO) algorithms considering ‘Interpretability-Accuracy Trade-off, current research trends and improvement in the design of fuzzy classifier using MOEA in the future scope of authors. Methods: The state-of-the-art review has been conducted for various fuzzy classifier designs, and their optimization is reviewed in terms of multi-objective. Results: This article reviews the different Multi-Objective Optimization (EMO) algorithms in the context of Interpretability -Accuracy tradeoff during fuzzy classification. Conclusion: The evolutionary multi-objective algorithms are being deployed in the development of fuzzy systems. Improvement in the design using these algorithms include issues like higher spatiality, exponentially inhabited solution, I-A tradeoff, interpretability quantification, and describing the ability of the system of the fuzzy domain, etc. The focus of the authors in future is to find out the best evolutionary algorithm of multi-objective nature with efficiency and robustness, which will be applicable for developing the optimized fuzzy system with more accuracy and higher interpretability. More concentration will be on the creation of new metrics or parameters for the measurement of interpretability of fuzzy systems and new processes or methods of EMO for handling I-A tradeoff.


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