Towards Unified Services in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks Based on Soft-Switch Platform

2009 ◽  
pp. 1416-1422
Author(s):  
Spiros Louvros
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Heterogeneous Wireless Networks ◽  
Data Traffic ◽  
Core Network ◽  
Soft Switch ◽  
Access Technology ◽  
The Core ◽  
Radio Access Technology ◽  
Radio Access ◽  
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System

The last two decades, after the telecommunication and computer technology convergence, the world of telecommunication applications has changed dramatically. The traffic needs of the customers have moved from circuit switched applications towards packet switched applications (Cox, 1995). Data traffic, with the characteristics of information transmission in the form of packets and the bursty flow characteristics rather than constant rate, nowadays accounts for slightly more than 60% of the traffic that is transmitted over the backbone telecommunication networks (Esmailzadeh, Nakagawa, & Jones, 2003). In addition to data traffic, multimedia applications like video calls, IP TV, and multimedia messaging traffic (variable rate with real time constraints) was made possible by low cost video digitizing equipment (Houssos, Alonistioti, Merakos, Mohyeldin, Dillinger, Fahrmair, & Schoenmakers, 2003). Different Radio Access Technology (RAT) networks offer different services to their subscribers. This is a big problem for the multimedia industry since it poses certain constraints to the subscribers regarding specific technology handsets. The ideal solution might be a unified handset with a unified service subscriber identity module (SIM) card (Louvros & Iossifides, 2004). This handset should be able to access the service by any radio access network, like Global System Mobile (GSM) (Siegmund, Redl, Weber, & Oliphant, 1995), General Packet Radio System (GPRS), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), and IEEE802.11 standard (WiFi or WLAN) towards a common core platform. In order to achieve such a unification, the service request should be seamless to the radio access technology network and the core platform should support certain protocols to provide again seamless to the user access to the requested service. Such a platform is already designed and is known as the soft-switch solution. The idea behind the soft-switch solution is the layering of the core network management procedures (mobility management, call control, session management, charging) in such a way that the operator can support all requests as a unified routing process. Moreover the operator can deploy its core switch and transmission network based on a common backbone, designed according to the 3GPP standards on IP or ATM infrastructure, and also to be able to accommodate in the future any new radio access technology network simply and without any serious rearrangement of the existing backbone, thus eliminating cost implementation. Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) technology is proposed by the telecommunication industry to accommodate multiple traffic types (packet and voice) in a high speed wire-line backbone network. Briefly, ATM is based on very fast (on the order of 2.5 Gbits/sec or higher (Q.2931 ATM Network Signaling Specification, ITU)) packet switching technology with 53 byte long packets called cells being transmitted through wireline networks running usually on fiber optical equipment (Louvros, Karaboulas, Iossifides, & Kotsopoulos, 2003).

scholarly journals Revenue-Maximizing Radio Access Technology Selection with Net Neutrality Compliance in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Elissar Khloussy ◽  
Yuming Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Blocking Probability ◽  
Heterogeneous Wireless Networks ◽  
Technology Selection ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Net Neutrality ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Access Technology ◽  
Radio Access Technology ◽  
Radio Access

The net neutrality principle states that users should have equal access to all Internet content and that Internet Service Providers (ISPs) should not practice differentiated treatment on any of the Internet traffic. While net neutrality aims to restrain any kind of discrimination, it also grants exemption to a certain category of traffic known as specialized services (SS), by allowing the ISP to dedicate part of the resources for the latter. In this work, we consider a heterogeneous LTE/WiFi wireless network and we investigate revenue-maximizing Radio Access Technology (RAT) selection strategies that are net neutrality-compliant, with exemption granted to SS traffic. Our objective is to find out how the bandwidth reservation for SS traffic would be made in a way that allows maximizing the revenue while being in compliance with net neutrality and how the choice of the ratio of reserved bandwidth would affect the revenue. The results show that reserving bandwidth for SS traffic in one RAT (LTE) can achieve higher revenue. On the other hand, when the capacity is reserved across both LTE and WiFi, higher social benefit in terms of number of admitted users can be realized, as well as lower blocking probability for the Internet access traffic.

scholarly journals KUNCI TEKNOLOGI 5G

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulil Surtia Zulpratita
Keyword(s):  
Base Station ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Core Network ◽  
Access Technology ◽  
Radio Access Technology ◽  
Radio Access ◽  
Air Interface ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
5G Network ◽  
High Carrier

[Id] Proses kelengkapan standarisasi teknologi 5G diharapkan akan selesai sebelum Oktober 2020. Resminya standarisasi ini akan menjadi hal penting untuk komersialisasi jaringan 5G. Teknologi 5G diprediksi akan membutuhkan transformasi akan kebutuhan frekuensi carrier yang sangat tinggi dengan bandwidth yang sangat lebar, densitas ekstrim untuk berbagai divais dan base station, serta sejumlah besar antena. 5G tidak akan menjadi antarmuka udara tunggal sebagaimana pada model generasi sebelumnya. 5G diprediksi akan sangat integratif: jalinan koneksi antarmuka udara dan spektrum 5G bersama-sama dengan teknologi nirkabel yang sudah ada (misalnya: LTE dan WiFi) akan memberikan layanan dengan pesat data tinggi dan cakupan luas, serta menjamin terwujudnya pengalaman pengguna tanpa hambatan. Untuk mendukung hal tersebut, di bagian core network harus berevolusi untuk mencapai tingkat belum pernah terjadi sebelumnya dalam hal fleksibilitas dan kecerdasan, regulasi spektrum perlu dikaji kembali dan direvisi, masalah energi dan efisiensi biaya juga akan menjadi pertimbangan yang penting. Berdasarkan studi literatur yang telah dilakukan, artikel ini akan mengidentifikasi dan merumuskan empat kunci penting implementasi teknologi 5G. Kata kunci : implementasi 5G, massive MIMO, jaringan hybrid, mmWave, unified air interface [En] 5G standardization process is expected to be finished before October 2020. This standardization is essential for making 5G network commercial deployment. The 5G technology is forecasted to demand a transformation in the need for very high carrier frequencies with very extensive bandwidth, extreme density for devices and base stations, as well as large numbers of antennas. 5G will not be a distinct air interface based on Radio Access Technology as in former generation models. 5G is predicted to be immensely collaborative: the linkage of air interface and 5G spectrum together with existing wireless technologies (for example: LTE and WiFi) will provide services with universal high-rates coverage and ensure seamless user experience. To support this, the core network must also evolve to achieve an extraordinary level of adjustability and intelligence, spectral standardization needs to be reviewed and revised, energy issues and cost efficiency will also be an important attention. Based on studies that had been done, this article will discuss and identify the four significant keys to the implementation of 5G technology.

scholarly journals Radio Access Technology (RAT) Selection Mechanism using TOPSIS Method in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks (HWN)

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 852
Author(s):  
Farhat Anwar ◽  
Mosharrof Masud ◽  
Burhan Ul Islam ◽  
Rashidah Funke Olanrewaju
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Networks ◽  
Heterogeneous Wireless Networks ◽  
Topsis Method ◽  
Access Technology ◽  
Call Admission ◽  
Radio Access Technology ◽  
Radio Access ◽  
Order Preference ◽  
Multi Attribute Decision Making ◽  
Rat Selection

<p>In next-generation wireless networks, a Multi-Mode Device (MMD) can be connected with available Radio Access Technology (RAT) in a Heterogeneous Wireless Network (HWN). The appropriate RAT selection is essential to achieve expected Quality of Service (QoS) in HWN. There are many factors to select an appropriate RAT in HWN including Data rate, Power consumption, Security, Network delay, Service price, etc. Nowadays, the MMDs are capable to handle with multiple types of services like voice, file downloading, video streaming. Considering numerous factors and multiple types of services, it is a great challenge for MMDs to select the appropriate RAT. A Multi-Attribute Decision Making (MADM) method to deal with numerous attributes to achieve the expected goal is Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). This research utilized TOPSIS method to evaluate its proposed algorithm to choose the proper RAT for single and dual call services. The algorithm applies users' preference of a specific RAT that varies for diverse categories of calls. It also aggregates the assigned call weight and call priority to choose the RAT for group call admission for different scenarios. The highest closeness coefficient has been considered the appropriate networks among other networks. 100 call admission into three networks has been simulated and has been observed.</p>

scholarly journals Programmability of Connectivity Control

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-85
Author(s):  
Ivaylo I. Atanasov ◽  
Evelina N. Pencheva
Keyword(s):  
Access Network ◽  
Edge Computing ◽  
Core Network ◽  
Access Technology ◽  
Radio Access Network ◽  
Radio Access Technology ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Radio Access ◽  
Multi Access ◽  
Network Interfaces

Network programmability and edge computing as key features of next generation communications enable innovative services. While the programmability is focused on the core network of the fifth-generation system, the edge computing moves the network intelligence to the radio access network. This paper presents a study on the programmability of connectivity control as a function of radio access network using Multi-access Edge Computing. The capability of using more than one radio access technology simultaneously enhances reliability and increases the throughput, especially in dense networks. Opening the radio access network interfaces for programmability of multi-connectivity enables analytics applications to control the device connections to multiple radio links simultaneously based on information of radio conditions, user location or specific policies. The research novelty is in opening the radio access network interfaces for edge applications to access connectivity control.

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