A Distributed Cognition Analysis of Mobile CSCW

2002 ◽  
pp. 281-286
Author(s):  
Mikael Wiberg ◽  
Ake Gronlund
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Cognition ◽  
Cognitive Tools ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Telecom Operator

We use a distributed cognition perspective to analyse mobile CSCW (computer supported co-operative work) among service technicians at a telecom operator. We focus on three aspects, the physical conditions for the interaction, the knowledge necessary for the management of the interaction, and the technology (cognitive tools) that can support the interaction.

scholarly journals The conceptualisation of cognitive tools in learning and technology: A review

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azar Pakdaman-Savoji ◽  
John Nesbit ◽  
Natalia Gajdamaschko
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Educational Technology ◽  
Distributed Cognition ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Learning Technologies ◽  
Cognitive Tools ◽  
Cognitive Tool ◽  
Technology And Learning ◽  
Soviet Psychology ◽  
Definition Of

The term cognitive tool has been used in many areas of academic specialisation, where it has taken on multiple connotations. In this historical and systematic review, we investigate the conceptualisation of cognitive tools in the learning sciences and educational technology. First, the theory of cognitive tools vis-à-vis learning and development is traced from Vygotsky and Soviet psychology through to its use in current educational technology and learning design. Second, we present a systematic review of cognitive tools in peer-reviewed research literature. We found the term cognitive tool was often used vaguely or with extreme generality. When used more specifically, it referred to communication methods such as visualisations, metaphors, symbols, and hypermedia; or interactive interfaces and environments such as templates, databases, simulations, games, and collaborative media. We offer a definition of software-based cognitive tools founded on the attributes of representation, interactivity, and distributed cognition, which commonly feature in the work of influential theorists; and we explain implications of the definition for designing, evaluating, and researching learning technologies.

Cognitive Tools in Medical Teamwork: The Spatial Arrangement of Patient Records

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (04) ◽  
pp. 331-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Timpka ◽  
M. Bång
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Distributed Cognition ◽  
Current Problem ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Health Care Team ◽  
Cognitive Tools ◽  
Patient Records ◽  
Public Display ◽  
Health Care Settings ◽  
Computer Based

Summary Objectives: As a preliminary for the design of Computer-Based Patient Records, the aim of this paper is to build an understanding of the roles physical artifacts like paper-based patient records play in supporting cognition and collaboration in the health-care settings. Method: A small ethnographically-informed study was conducted in the emergency room at a 250-bed hospital in Sweden from the perspective of Distributed Cognition. Results: To track work-in-progress, clinicians placed patient records on a desk to form a shared public display that represented the current problem state for the health-care team. The results of the study suggest that the patient records and other physical artifacts are used by clinicians in different ways to form cognitive tools that offload memory tasks and support joint attention and collaboration. Conclusion: To design Computer-Based Patient Records that more appropriately support cognition and teamwork, it is important to investigate how clinicians make use of the paper-based patient records. Practitioners take advantage of existing tools frequently to deal with cognitively demanding tasks and collaboration issues.

Culture and the Extended Phenotype

2018 ◽  
pp. 772-792
Author(s):  
Kim Sterelny
Keyword(s):  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Distributed Cognition ◽  
Extended Mind ◽  
Cognitive Tools ◽  
Extended Phenotype ◽  
Evolutionary Context ◽  
History Of ◽  
Improved Learning ◽  
Cognitive Foundations

This chapter takes up the links between Dawkins’s concept of the extended phenotype and that of the extended mind. More specifically, it has three aims: (1) it argues that the extended mind effects are a special case of niche construction; (2) it identifies the cognitive foundations that made it possible for hominins to amplify their cognitive powers with material supports; in particular, the chapter suggests that our reliance on cognitive tools depends on a tripod of (a) human hyper-plasticity, (b) highly structured and enriched learning environments, and (c) family support for skill acquisition long into adolescence; and (3) it situates the extended mind and related phenomena in their evolutionary context, in the deep history of human evolution. Specifically, the material record suggests an increasing footprint of these phenomena in the later Pleistocene. Distributed cognition, the material scaffolding of skill acquisition, and improved learning strategies collectively produced accelerating change, beginning about 250,000 years ago.

scholarly journals Learning with computers: Generating insights into the development of cognitive tools using cultural historical activity theory

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seng-Chee Tan
Keyword(s):  
Activity Theory ◽  
Distributed Cognition ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cultural Historical Activity Theory ◽  
Cognitive Tools ◽  
Activity System ◽  
Digital Storage ◽  
Higher Level Thinking ◽  
Historical Activity ◽  
Cultural Historical Activity

Using computers as cognitive tools or mindtools has created impact in education since their introduction in the 1990s. One main characteristic is the notion of learning with computers as intellectual partners: engaging learners in higher level thinking while taking away the lower level cognitive load such as computing and digital storage. In recent years, the element of social interactions has been integrated, leading to the development of social cognitive tools or social mindtools. However, the differences between and underlying values of these applications may not be apparent. This article applies cultural historical activity theory (CHAT) to analyse these developments so as to generate insights into the nuanced differences among various applications, including the roles of computers in distributed cognition within an activity system. CHAT can be applied to analyse contradictions within and beyond an activity system, which can help to identify opportunities for innovation and enhancement to the system.

Influence of Magnetic Fields on Solar Hydrodynamics: Experimental Results

1977 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 143-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.O. Stenflo
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Solar Atmosphere ◽  
General Problem ◽  
Solar Rotation ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Dynamic Phenomena

It is well-known that solar activity is basically caused by the Interaction of magnetic fields with convection and solar rotation, resulting in a great variety of dynamic phenomena, like flares, surges, sunspots, prominences, etc. Many conferences have been devoted to solar activity, including the role of magnetic fields. Similar attention has not been paid to the role of magnetic fields for the overall dynamics and energy balance of the solar atmosphere, related to the general problem of chromospheric and coronal heating. To penetrate this problem we have to focus our attention more on the physical conditions in the ‘quiet’ regions than on the conspicuous phenomena in active regions.

A distributed cognition approach to understanding information transfer in mission critical domains

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayse P. Gurses ◽  
Yan Xiao ◽  
Paul Gorman ◽  
Brian Hazlehurst ◽  
Grant Bochicchio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Cognition ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Mission Critical

Platelet Aggregation Induced in Vitro by Therapeutic Ultrasound

1977 ◽  
Vol 38 (03) ◽  
pp. 0640-0651 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. V Chater ◽  
A. R Williams
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Adenosine Diphosphate ◽  
Ultrasonic Cavitation ◽  
Related Phenomenon ◽  
Release Reaction ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Platelet Aggregates ◽  
Active Substances

SummaryPlatelets were found to aggregate spontaneously when exposed to ultrasound generated by a commercial therapeutic device. At a given frequency, aggregation was found to be a dose-related phenomenon, increasing intensities of ultrasound inducing more extensive and more rapid aggregation. At any single intensity, the extent aggregation was increased as the frequency of the applied ultrasound was decreased (from 3.0 to 0.75 MHz).Ultrasound-induced platelet aggregation was found to be related to overall platelet sensitivity to adenosine diphosphate. More sensitive platelets were found to aggregate spontaneously at lower intensities of sound, and also the maximum extent of aggregation was found to be greater. Examination of ultrasound-induced platelet aggregates by electron microscopy demonstrated that the platelets had undergone the release reaction.The observation that haemoglobin was released from erythrocytes in whole blood irradiated under identical physical conditions suggests that the platelets are being distrupted by ultrasonic cavitation (violent gas/bubble oscillation).It is postulated that overall platelet aggregation is the result of two distinct effects. Firstly, the direct action of ultrasonic cavitation disrupts a small proportion of the platelet population, resulting in the liberation of active substances. These substances produce aggregation, both directly and indirectly by inducing the physiological release reaction in adjacent undamaged platelets.

The Design Medan Concert Hall with Metaphor Architecture Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Vinky Rahman ◽  
Muhammad Khairy Humaizy
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Traditional Music ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Support Design ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Sound Control ◽  
Strategic Location ◽  
Big City ◽  
Design Ideas

The theater usually has an attractive form to attract the attention of visitors and also has good sound control in the auditorium so as not to cause sound distortion. Performances in Medan are still inadequate to accommodate international performances. Particularly in Medan, the enthusiasm of the community towards art tends to be high, but the facilities of the place lack to accommodate performances. Data collection methods are carried out by collecting primary data through a process of field comparative study and secondary data through literature studies & comparative studies. The design approach used in design studies are analyzing the physical, conditions around the site, potential, the limits that exist on the site, Site and environmental approaches are analysis of site conditions and the best solutions, the user approach is building analysis to meet the need for facilities and quality in accommodating the show, literature studies related to titles and themes and theories that support design ideas. The Metaphor is chosen as a truss design theme to convey the shape of building design by combining metaphorical forms of buildings and the prominence of the same metaphorical theme in the building to those who visit and see buildings to prevent sound distortions by using porous materials. Medan is a big city in Indonesia as a design area with consideration of a strategic location. It is expected that with the presence of this performance center, domestic and foreign tourists and especially Medan people themselves can enjoy the comfort and get to know traditional music and dance in Indonesia.

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