scholarly journals Towards Multiple 3D Bone Surface Identification and Reconstruction Using Few 2D X-Ray Images for Intraoperative Applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simant Prakoonwit
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Shape Model ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Shape Model ◽  
Point Distribution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Landmark Point ◽  
Reconstructed Surfaces ◽  
Statistical Shape ◽  
Dense Point ◽  
Point Distribution Model

This article discusses a possible method to use a small number, e.g. 5, of conventional 2D X-ray images to reconstruct multiple 3D bone surfaces intraoperatively. Each bone's edge contours in X-ray images are automatically identified. Sparse 3D landmark points of each bone are automatically reconstructed by pairing the 2D X-ray images. The reconstructed landmark point distribution on a surface is approximately optimal covering main characteristics of the surface. A statistical shape model, dense point distribution model (DPDM), is then used to fit the reconstructed optimal landmarks vertices to reconstruct a full surface of each bone separately. The reconstructed surfaces can then be visualised and manipulated by surgeons or used by surgical robotic systems.

Towards Rapid 3D Reconstruction using Conventional X-Ray for Intraoperative Orthopaedic Applications

2011 ◽  
pp. 309-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simant Prakoonwit
Keyword(s):  
3D Reconstruction ◽  
Statistical Shape Model ◽  
Shape Model ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physical Constraints ◽  
Surgical Tools ◽  
Reconstructed Surfaces ◽  
Statistical Shape ◽  
Post Operation ◽  
2D Images

A rapid 3D reconstruction of bones and other structures during an operation is an important issue. However, most of existing technologies are not feasible to be implemented in an intraoperative environment. Normally, a 3D reconstruction has to be done by a CT or an MRI pre operation or post operation. Due to some physical constraints, it is not feasible to utilise such machine intraoperatively. A special type of MRI has been developed to overcome the problem. However, all normal surgical tools and instruments cannot be employed. This chapter discusses a possible method to use a small number, e.g. 5, of conventional 2D X-ray images to reconstruct 3D bone and other structures intraoperatively. A statistical shape model is used to fit a set of optimal landmarks vertices, which are automatically created from the 2D images, to reconstruct a full surface. The reconstructed surfaces can then be visualised and manipulated by surgeons or used by surgical robotic systems.

Landmark Sliding for 3D Shape Correspondence

2012 ◽  
pp. 57-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pahal Dalal ◽  
Song Wang
Keyword(s):  
Closed Surface ◽  
Statistical Shape Model ◽  
Surface Shape ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Shape Correspondence ◽  
Triangle Mesh ◽  
Point Distribution ◽  
Sliding Method ◽  
Closed Surfaces ◽  
Statistical Shape

Shape correspondence, which aims at accurately identifying corresponding landmarks from a given population of shape instances, is a very challenging step in constructing a statistical shape model such as the Point Distribution Model. Many shape correspondence methods are primarily focused on closed-surface shape correspondence. The authors of this chapter discuss the 3D Landmark Sliding method of shape correspondence, which is able to identify accurately corresponding landmarks on 3D closed-surfaces and open-surfaces (Dalal 2007, 2009). In particular, they introduce a shape correspondence measure based on Thin-plate splines and the concept of explicit topology consistency on the identified landmarks to ensure that they form a simple, consistent triangle mesh to more accurately model the correspondence of the underlying continuous shape instances. The authors also discuss issues such as correspondence of boundary landmarks for open-surface shapes and different strategies to obtain an initial estimate of correspondence before performing landmark sliding.

A three-dimensional active shape model for the detection of anatomical landmarks on the back surface

2005 ◽  
Vol 219 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Huysmans ◽  
R Van Audekercke ◽  
J Vander Sloten ◽  
H Bruyninckx ◽  
G Van der Perre
Keyword(s):  
Mode Shapes ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Back Surface ◽  
Active Shape Model ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Shape Model ◽  
Point Distribution ◽  
Pelvic Inclination ◽  
Active Shape ◽  
Point Distribution Model

In this study relations between anatomical landmarks on the dorsal surface of the human torso corresponding to underlying skeletal structures are established. By examining the statistics of the positions of the landmarks in a training set of subjects a point distribution model is derived. Rotations of the pelvis are simulated in order to show that the main mode shapes of variation are consistent with rotations of the pelvis relative to the trunk. The parameters of these mode shapes can therefore be used as independent measures of clinical parameters such as pelvic inclination, pelvic tilt, etc. The point distribution model is further applied to improve reliability and robustness for an automatic and objective detection of the anatomical landmarks on the back surface (active shape model). The results show that it is possible to replace radiographs by surface measurements in order to measure position and orientation of the pelvis, which is particularly valuable in the case of functional examinations that normally involve a large number of radiographs (e.g. to measure the position of the pelvis in a scoliosis).

Correspondence free 3D statistical shape model fitting to sparse x-ray projections

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Baka ◽  
W. J. Niessen ◽  
B. L. Kaptein ◽  
T. van Walsum ◽  
L. Ferrarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Model Fitting ◽  
Statistical Shape Model ◽  
Shape Model ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Statistical Shape
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