EXPERIMENTS ON THE CONTROL OF THE EUROPEAN SKIPPER, THYMELICUS LINEOLA (LEPIDOPTERA: HESPERIIDAE) BY AERIAL APPLICATION OF A NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS VIRUS

1976 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 1221-1222 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Smirnoff ◽  
J. N. McNeil ◽  
J. R. Valero
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Aerial Application ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis ◽  
Natural Virus

A natural virus epizootic, caused by a nuclear polyhedrosis virus, was observed in several populations of the European skipper, Thymelicus lineola (Ochs .), at Normandin, Que., in 1974 (Smirnoff 1974). A substantial supply of this virus was collected and experiments were conducted under laboratory and field conditions to evaluate its pathogenicity against the skipper, its possible transmission from one generation to the next, and its potential as a means of control of T. lineola, a serious insect pest of forage crops in several regions of Quebec (McNeil et al. 1975).

scholarly journals Individual and combined impact of nuclear polyhedrosis virus and spinosad to control the tropical armyworm, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in cotton in Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bilal Ayyub ◽  
Ahmad Nawaz ◽  
Muhammad Jalal Arif ◽  
Luqman Amrao
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Occlusion Bodies ◽  
Early Instar ◽  
Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis ◽  
Combined Impact

Abstract The tropical armyworm, Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Noctuidae; Lepidoptera), is among the most harmful pests causing economic loss in the quality and production of a variety of crops, particularly cotton. Entomopathogens play an important role in insect pest management. The nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) isolate of S. litura (V-SpltNPV) was isolated from infected larvae in a cotton crop, and viral occlusion bodies were confirmed, using an inverted microscope. The pathogenicity of V-SpltNPV against 2nd, 3rd, and 4th larval instars of S. litura was evaluated at various concentrations (1 × 104 to 1 × 108 OBs/ml). Mortality rate was high (37.65–96.82%) in early instar larvae against tested concentrations. LC50 and LT50 values increased with increasing larval age. There was 689,865 times increase in LC50 value (1.35 × 102 OBs/ml) for 2nd instar larvae to LC50 value (6.90 × 105 OBs/ml) for 4th instar larvae. LT50 values enhanced from 4.99 days for 2nd instar larvae to 7.49 days for 4th instar larvae, due to a decrease in efficacy of NPVs with the increasing age of larvae. In a greenhouse experiment, a combined application of spinosad with V-SpltNPV (1 × 108 OBs/ml) caused (100%) mortality of 2nd instar larvae. A single application of V-SpltNPV (1 × 108 OBs/ml) resulted to mean mortality (52.63%) of tested larvae. The native isolate V-SpltNPV seems to have a potential to be used in integrated manner with other IPM tactics to significantly reduce the use of toxic chemical pesticides.

AERIAL APPLICATION OF NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS VIRUS AGAINST DOUGLAS-FIR TUSSOCK MOTH, ORGYIA PSEUDOTSUGATA (McDUNNOUGH) (LEPIDOPTERA: LYMANTRIIDAE): II. IMPACT 1 AND 2 YEARS AFTER APPLICATION

1987 ◽  
Vol 119 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 707-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.S. Otvos ◽  
J.C. Cunningham ◽  
R.I. Alfaro
Keyword(s):  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Aerial Application ◽  
Moth Population ◽  
Tussock Moth ◽  
Orgyia Pseudotsugata ◽  
Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis ◽  
The Impact

AbstractFollowing aerial application of a Douglas-fir tussock moth, Orgyia pseudotsugata (McDunnough), nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) product called Virtuss on four plots in 1982, observations were made to determine the impact of these treatments in 1983 and 1984. Treated plots as well as buffer zones between and adjoining the treated plots, and three of the four check plots established in 1982, were monitored. The NPV appeared to have spread from the treated plots to adjoining areas in 1982, effectively reducing the Douglas-fir tussock moth population. This observation suggests that a strategy of spraying alternate swaths of Douglas-fir tussock moth infested stands with this viral insecticide may effectively initiate an epizootic that would control the population at a reduced cost.A naturally occurring NPV epizootic decimated the Douglas-fir tussock moth population in the three check plots in 1983, but severe tree mortality occurred in two of these plots with 60 and 62% of sample trees dead in 1984. Light tree mortality was noted in 1984 in two of the four treated plots with 4 and 7% of sample trees killed. It is concluded that the virus treatments in 1982 were successful in preventing tree mortality.

scholarly journals The First Study on Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus Histopathological and Morphological Effects on the Strawberry Pest, Pentodon Algerinum (coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-94
Author(s):  
Samah, M.M. Abd El-Aziz ◽  
Magda, H. Rady ◽  
Bouthaina, A. Merdan ◽  
Abd El-Salam A.M.E ◽  
Hany, M. Hussein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Alternative Control ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Fat Bodies ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis ◽  
First Time ◽  
Cuticular Layer

In Egypt, strawberry is an economically important crop that has recently been destroyed by Pentodon algerinum, a worldwide polyphagous destructive insect pest. This study aimed to distinguish, for the first time, the histopathological and morphological effects of Spodoptera littoralis Nuclear polyhedrosis virus (SpliNPV) and Pentodon algerinum Nuclear polyhedrosis virus (PNPV) on Pentodon algerinum third instar larvae to confirm their success as safe alternative control agents against this pest. The results showed that PNPV and SpliNPV affected Pentodon larvae by the same effects in causing the following: integument deformation and rupture; the destruction of the hypodermal layer resulting in the inhibition of the process of molting into the pupa stage, reducing pest survival; larva leg corrosion, which prevents its spreading; the rupture of fat bodies, which leads to the loss of stored energetic materials; the distortion of muscle sarcolemma and fibers resulting in weakness and softness; the tracheal cuticular layer destruction, which inhibits breathing; midgut rupture with cells detaching from each other; irregular cytoplasm distribution; the loss of the columnar shape of cells; the appearance of vacuoles between cells, which results in their inability to feed or to digest; the swelling, softness, liquefaction, and, lastly, death of the larva.

An evaluation of selective Helicoverpa armigera control options in sweet corn

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 601 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. G. Scholz ◽  
C. J. Monsour ◽  
M. P. Zalucki
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Alternative Tactics ◽  
Control Options ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Egg Parasitism ◽  
Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis

Summary. Helicoverpa armigera is a serious insect pest of sweet corn in Australia and is becoming increasingly difficult to manage with conventional chemical insecticides due to resistance problems. A number of alternative H. armigera control options were evaluated in sweet corn and compared with deltamethrin and no action (control). The alternative tactics evaluated were: heliothis nuclear polyhedrosis virus plus Trichogramma nr. brassicae releases; Bacillus thuringiensis; and Trichogramma alone. The H. zea nuclear polyhedrosis virus + Trichogramma plots had the lowest cob damage (6.0%), followed by the B. thuringiensis plots (12.0%), Trichogramma alone plots (20.2%), control plots (23.2%) and deltamethrin plots (53.5%). There was no evidence to suggest that the Trichogramma nr. brassicae releases had any impact on H. armigera egg mortality. However, there was a large natural population of Trichogramma pretiosum in all plots. The application of deltamethrin reduced the action of these wasps and predators, resulting in higher larval infestation and significantly more cob damage. The findings indicate that the pathogens heliothis nuclear polyhedrosis virus and B. thuringiensis can effectively control H. armigera when their action complements high natural levels of egg parasitism, and that they have potential for use in integrated pest management programs in sweet corn.

EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS VIRUS AND BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS ON WESTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) 1 AND 2 YEARS AFTER AERIAL APPLICATION

1982 ◽  
Vol 114 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Shepherd ◽  
T. G. Gray ◽  
J. C. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Western Spruce Budworm ◽  
Aerial Application ◽  
Insect Populations ◽  
Polyhedrosis Virus ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

An understanding of all environmental effects resulting from control actions is important in the selection of a method of managing insect populations. Effects may extend beyond the year of treatment and can modify management decisions. In 1978, a nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) and Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (B.t.) were tested as aerial spray applications against the western spruce budworm, Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman, on Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco, near Cache Creek, British Columbia. The impact on population densities and on the incidence of NPV was measured in the treated and non-treated areas for 2 vears following the year of application, and is reported here.

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