The mining of thin-coal seams as applied to the eastern coal-fields of Canada

1917 ◽  
Author(s):  
J F K Brown
Keyword(s):  
Coal Seams ◽  
Coal Fields

scholarly journals III.—Notes on Various Species of Ctenodus found in the Low Main Coal-shale, Newsham Colliery, Northumberland

1869 ◽  
Vol 6 (61) ◽  
pp. 314-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. P. Barkas
Keyword(s):  
Coal Seams ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Coal Fields

For many years the various Coal-shales and other strata associated with the Coal-seams of Northumberland have been known to be rich in the remains of Plants, and the majority of the specimens which are illustrated in Lindley and Hutton's elaborate work on the Flora of the Coal-period were obtained from collieries in Northumberland and the adjoining county, Durham. It is only within the last few years that close attention has been directed to the investigation of the fauna of the Northumberland coal-fields. The first systematic investigator of the fauna of the Carboniferous period in this locality was Mr. Thomas Atthey, late of Cramlington, now of Gosforth; and within the last few years Messrs. Kirby, Sim, Taylor, and Craggs have each secured good collections of the Carboniferous fossils.

II. A description of some fossil plants, showing structure, found in the lower coal-seams of Lancashire and Yorkshire

1865 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 327-329
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Fossil Plants ◽  
Coal Seams ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Fossil Remains ◽  
Original Plant ◽  
External Form ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Coal Fields

The author stated that, although great attention has been devoted to the collection of the fossil remains of plants with which our coal-fields abound, the specimens are generally in very fragmentary and distorted conditions as they occur imbedded in the rocks in which they are entombed; but when they have been removed, cut into shape, and trimmed, and are seen in cabinets, they are in a far worse condition. This is as to their external forms and characters. When we come to examine their internal structure, and ascertain their true nature, we find still greater difficulties, from the rarity of specimens displaying both the external form and the internal structure of the original plant. It is often very difficult to decide which is the outside, different parts of the stem dividing and exposing varied surfaces which have been described as distinct genera of plants.

scholarly journals XVI.—On the Mid-Lothian and East-Lothian Coal-Fields

1839 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Milne
Keyword(s):  
Relative Position ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
Coal Field ◽  
Coal Seams ◽  
Limestone Quarries ◽  
Coal Fields

I am not aware of any account having been published of the Coal-fields in East and Mid Lothian, or of any attempt to institute a geological survey of the country in which they are situated. Sinclair, the author of a well known work intituled “Satan's Invisible World,” published also in 1672 a treatise on Hydrostatics, in which he takes notice of the Prestongrange coals, and of the whinstone-dike that intersects them. Williams, in his “Mineral Kingdom” (published) in 1810, gives some information regarding the direction of the Gilmerton and Loanhead coal-seams. But the information contained in both these works, even respecting the coal-strata,—which alone they professed to treat of, is extremely vague, and generally very erroneous. Dr Hibbert was the first geologist who with a scientific eye entered on the district, in order to describe with fulness and accuracy any of its rocks. His discovery of the Saurian remains in the limestone-quarries of Burdiehouse, led him to a minute inspection of the strata in which they were imbedded, and to a consideration of the relative position of these particular strata in the Mid-Lothian coal-field.

scholarly journals XI. A description of some fossil plants, showing, found in the lower coal-seams of Lancashire and Yorkshire

1865 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 579-604 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Fossil Plants ◽  
Coal Seams ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Fossil Remains ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Original Plant ◽  
External Form ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Coal Fields

Although great attention has been devoted to the collection of the fossil remains of plants with which our coal-fields abound, the specimens are generally in very fragmentary and distorted conditions as they occur imbedded in the rocks in which they are entombed; but when they have been removed, cut into shape, and trimmed, and are seen in cabinets, they are in a far worse condition. This is as to their external forms and characters. When we come to examine their internal structure, and ascertain their true nature, we find still greater difficulties, from the rarity of specimens at the same time displaying both the external form and the internal structure of the original plant. It is often very difficult to decide which is the outside, different parts of the stem dividing and exposing varied surfaces which have been described as distinct genera of plants. The specimens were collected by myself, and taken out of the seams of coal just as they occurred in the matrix in which they were found imbedded, by my own hands. This enables me to speak with certainty as to the condition and locality in which they were met with.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document