scholarly journals Protective efficacy of inactivated Newcastle disease virus vaccines prepared in two different oil-based adjuvants

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oday A. Aljumaili ◽  
Muhammad B. Bello ◽  
Swee K. Yeap ◽  
Abdul R. Omar ◽  
Aini Ideris
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Clinical Disease ◽  
Virus Shedding ◽  
Live Attenuated Vaccines ◽  
Inactivated Vaccines ◽  
Highly Virulent ◽  
Genotype Vii

Despite the availability of Newcastle disease (ND) vaccines for more than six decades, disease outbreaks continue to occur with huge economic consequences to the global poultry industry. The aim of this study is to develop a safe and effective inactivated vaccine based on a recently isolated Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strain IBS025/13 and evaluate its protective efficacy in chicken following challenge with a highly virulent genotype VII isolate. Firstly, high titre of IBS025/13 was exposed to various concentrations of binary ethylenimine (BEI) to determine the optimal conditions for complete inactivation of the virus. The inactivated virus was then prepared in form of a stable water-in-oil emulsion of black seed oil (BSO) or Freund’s incomplete adjuvant (FIA) and used as vaccines in specific pathogen-free chicken. Efficacy of various vaccine preparations was also evaluated based on the ability of the vaccine to protect against clinical disease, mortality and virus shedding following challenge with highly virulent genotype\VII NDV isolate. The results indicate that exposure of NDV IBS025/13 to 10 mM of BEI for 21 h at 37 °C could completely inactivate the virus without tempering with the structural integrity of the viral hemagglutin-neuraminidase protein. More so, the inactivated vaccines adjuvanted with either BSO- or FIA-induced high hemagglutination inhibition antibody titre that protected the vaccinated birds against clinical disease and in some cases virus shedding, especially when used together with live attenuated vaccines. Thus, genotype VII-based NDV-inactivated vaccines formulated in BSO could substantially improve poultry disease control particularly when combined with live attenuated vaccines.

EFFECT ON IMMUNE RESPONSE AND VIRUS SHEDDING IN THE CHICKEN VACCINATED AGAINST INACTIVATED LOCAL STRAIN OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS GENOTYPE VII

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nursyuwari Nayan ◽  
Syamsiah Aini Shohaimi ◽  
Raha Ahmad Raus ◽  
Afzan Mat Yusof ◽  
Ong Geok Huai
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Local Strain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inactivated Vaccine ◽  
Virus Shedding ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Genotype Vii

The effectiveness of the new inactivated vaccine develop from local velogenic strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) Genotype VII and commercial vaccines LaSota were compared by determining the immune response and virus shedding of vaccinated chickens. Ten different groups of chicken consists of ten each, were vaccinated with and without adjuvant of the inactivated vaccine via intramuscular and subcutaneous, respectively. Three different adjuvants were used which include Oil-emulsion Complete Freund’s, Oil-emulsion Squalene-based, and aluminium hydroxide gel (Alum). As a comparison, a group of chicken was vaccinated with commercial vaccine and control group was not vaccinated. With 100% survival rate and highest mean haemaglutination-inhibition (HI) titre of log2 6, the inactivated vaccine with adjuvant Alum and Oil-emulsion Complete Freund’s surpassed the LaSota. In addition, the virus shedding was significantly reduced and comparable to LaSota vaccinated chicken. Whereas, without adjuvant, the chicken HI antibody titre is below log2 4 after vaccination and only 20-30% were survived. Based on the post-mortem findings on the survived chicken from each vaccinated group, their internal organs appeared normal and no sign of haemorrhage or pathognomonic signs of Newcastle disease (ND). Conclusively, vaccinated chicken are effectively protected from morbidity and mortality against virulent genotype VII challenge with the addition of adjuvant into inactivated local strain of NDV genotype VII vaccine. Thus, the development of inactivated local NDV genotype VII vaccine is a promising candidate to control the current ND endemic in Malaysia. 

scholarly journals Protective efficacy of the Newcastle disease virus genotype VII–matched vaccine in commercial layers

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 1275-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hesham A. Sultan ◽  
Shaimaa Talaat ◽  
Wael K. Elfeil ◽  
Karim Selim ◽  
Mohamed A. Kutkat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Genotype Vii

scholarly journals Development of an Effective and Stable Genotype-Matched Live Attenuated Newcastle Disease Virus Vaccine Based on a Novel Naturally Recombinant Malaysian Isolate Using Reverse Genetics

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bashir Bello ◽  
Siti Nor Azizah Mahamud ◽  
Khatijah Yusoff ◽  
Aini Ideris ◽  
Mohd Hair-Bejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Cleavage Site ◽  
Recombinant Virus ◽  
Reverse Genetics ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Genotype Vii

Genotype VII Newcastle disease viruses are associated with huge economic losses in the global poultry industry. Despite the intensive applications of vaccines, disease outbreaks caused by those viruses continue to occur frequently even among the vaccinated poultry farms. An important factor in the suboptimal protective efficacy of the current vaccines is the genetic mismatch between the prevalent strains and the vaccine strains. Therefore, in the present study, an effective and stable genotype-matched live attenuated Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine was developed using reverse genetics, based on a recently isolated virulent naturally recombinant NDV IBS025/13 Malaysian strain. First of all, the sequence encoding the fusion protein (F) cleavage site of the virus was modified in silico from virulent polybasic (RRQKRF) to avirulent monobasic (GRQGRL) motif. The entire modified sequence was then chemically synthesized and inserted into pOLTV5 transcription vector for virus rescue. A recombinant virus termed mIBS025 was successfully recovered and shown to be highly attenuated based on OIE recommended pathogenicity assessment indices. Furthermore, the virus was shown to remain stably attenuated and retain the avirulent monobasic F cleavage site after 15 consecutive passages in specific-pathogen-free embryonated eggs and 12 passages in one-day-old chicks. More so, the recombinant virus induced a significantly higher hemagglutination inhibition antibody titre than LaSota although both vaccines fully protected chicken against genotype VII NDV induced mortality and morbidity. Finally, mIBS025 was shown to significantly reduce both the duration and quantity of cloacal and oropharyngeal shedding of the challenged genotype VII virus compared to the LaSota vaccine. These findings collectively indicate that mIBS025 provides a better protective efficacy than LaSota and therefore can be used as a promising vaccine candidate against genotype VII NDV strains.

A genotype VII Newcastle disease virus-like particles confer full protection with reduced virus load and decreased virus shedding

Vaccine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-451
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Xu ◽  
Zhuang Ding ◽  
Qianliang Yuan ◽  
Jiaxin Ding ◽  
Jindou Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Virus Shedding ◽  
Virus Load ◽  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
Full Protection ◽  
Genotype Vii
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