Serum alpha-fetoprotein level is higher in hepatitis C than hepatitis B infected chronic liver disease patients

Background. In Ethiopia, chronic liver disease (CLD) is the 7th leading cause of death, accounting for about 24 deaths per 100000 populations in 2019. Despite its burden, there is a lack of compiled pieces of evidence on CLD in the country. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis is intended to provide the pooled estimates of CLD etiologies and mortality rate in CLD patients in Ethiopia. Method. PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, institutional repositories, national digital library, and the bibliography of the eligible articles information were the source of data for the present review. The keywords “hepatitis, chronic” [Mesh], “end-Stage Liver Disease” [Mesh], “chronic liver disease”, “liver cirrhosis” [Mesh], and “Ethiopia” were used for the searches. Overall, we retrieved 199 records and 12 were included in this review. We used the DerSimonian-Laird random-effects models to perform the meta-analysis. We conducted subgroup and meta-regression analyses to account for the heterogeneity of the estimates. Result. Hepatitis B virus, alcohol, and hepatitis C virus are the three most common etiologies of CLD in Ethiopia accounting for a pooled estimate of 40.0% [95% CI: 29.0, 51.0, I2 = 96.3, p < 0.001 ], 17.0% [95% CI: 9.0, 25.0, I2 = 96.7, p < 0.001 ], and 15.0% [95% CI: 9.0, 21.0, I2 = 95.8, p < 0.001 ], respectively. Unidentified etiology report has a substantial contribution accounting for an estimated pooled proportion of 45% [95% CI: 34.0, 56.0%, Q = 32.08, p < 0.001 , I2 = 87.53] of the CLD cases in the country. On the other hand, the overall hospital mortality rate in CLD patients is 25.0% [95% CI: 2.0, 47.0, I2 = 94.6, p < 0.001 ] in Ethiopia. Conclusion. Hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and alcohol are the three most common contributors to CLD cases in Ethiopia. The authors warrant routine screening and strengthening of preventive and treatment programs for viral hepatitis B and C, further enhancing the alcohol policy of the country.

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Hepatitis B vaccination in patients with chronic liver disease secondary to hepatitis C virus infection (CLDC)

Journal of Hepatology ◽

10.1016/s0168-8278(02)80821-2 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 36 ◽

pp. 229

Author(s):

Cristiane Both ◽

Eliana Gomes ◽

Claudio Alexandre ◽

Jose Remiao ◽

Gabriela Coral ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Chronic Liver Disease ◽

Chronic Liver ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽

Hepatitis C Virus Infection

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The occurrence of hepatitis B and C viruses in Pakistani patients with chronic liver disease and hepatocellula carcinoma

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268800001503 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 117 (2) ◽

pp. 327-332 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

C. Y. W. Tong ◽

R. Khan ◽

N. J. Beeching ◽

W. U. Z. Tariq ◽

C. A. Hart ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Chronic Liver Disease ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽

Chronic Liver ◽

Hcv Rna ◽

Typing Method ◽

Type 3

SummaryTo study the occurrence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Pakistan, blood samples from 105 sequential patients with biopsy-proven CLD (n= 82) and HCC (n= 23) were tested for HBV and HCV markers. Of the 105, 87 (83%) had evidence of hepatitis B exposure, 58 (55%) were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), 23 (22%) had hepatitis C antibodies and 25 (24%) had detectable HCV RNA. Significantly more patients with HCC had evidence of HBV exposure in the absence of HCV markers (49/82vs.20/23, odds ratio 4·49,95 % CI 1·17–25·16). The proportion of patients positive for HBsAg with no HCV markers was also significantly higher in the HCC group (34/82vs.18/23, odds ratio 5·08, 95% CI 1·59—18·96). There were more patients with only HCV markers in the CLD group than the HCC group but the difference was not statistically significant (19/82vs.1/23, odds ratio 6·63, 95% CI 0·93—288·01). A modified non-isotopic restriction fragment length polymorphism study on PCR products was used to investigate the epidemiology of HCV genotypes in Pakistan. Due to depletion of the initial samples, a second series of specimens collected one year afterwards was used. Fifteen out of 40 samples had amplifiable product and all were identified as type 3. A commercial serological typing method on the same samples also confirmed that type 3 was the predominant HCV genotype in Pakistan.

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