scholarly journals Universal health coverage and tuberculosis care in India in the times of Covid-19: Aligning Ayushman Bharat (National Health Assurance Scheme) to improve case detection, reduce deaths and catastrophic health expenditure

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Anurag Bhargava ◽  
Madhavi Bhargava ◽  
Ajay Meher
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Catastrophic Health Expenditure ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
The Times ◽  
Assurance Scheme ◽  
Universal Health ◽  
Tuberculosis Care

scholarly journals Achieving SDG 3.8.2: Financial Protection Against Catastrophic Health Expenditure in Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surianti Sukeri ◽  
Muaz Sayuti
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Health Spending ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Catastrophic Health Expenditure ◽  
P Value ◽  
Financial Protection ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Universal Health

Abstract Background: The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.8.2 is one of the two indicators to monitor a country's progress towards universal health coverage. It concerns the financial protection against catastrophic spending on health based on the budget share approach. The purpose of this study is twofold: 1) to measure SDG 3.8.2 on the proportion of households with catastrophic health expenditure (CHE), and 2) to determine households at risk of CHEMethods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from the 2015/2016 Household Expenditure Survey. The inclusion criterion was Malaysian households with some health spending in the past 12 months before the date of the survey. The World Health Organization method of calculating CHE was applied in the calculation, and a threshold of 10% out-of-pocket health spending from total household expenditures was used to determine CHE. Data were analysed descriptively, and multiple logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with CHE.Results: A total of 13015 households were involved in the study. The proportion of CHE was 2.8%. Four associated factors that were statistically significant were female-headed household (Adjusted OR 1.6; CI 1.25, 2.03; p-value <0.001), household that lived in rural area (Adjusted OR 1.29; 95% CI 1.04, 1.61; p-value =0.022), small household size (Adjusted OR 2.4; 95% CI 1.81, 3.18; p-value <0.001) and head of household aged below 60 years old (Adjusted OR2.34; 95% CI 1.81, 3.18; p-value <0.001).Conclusions: The low proportion of CHE revealed that Malaysia is on the right track towards achieving SDG 3.8 on universal health coverage status by 2030. However there is an increasing trend in the proportion of CHE. Households at risk of CHE require financial protection to afford healthcare and safety net measures to prevent from spiralling further into the vicious cycle of illness and poverty.

scholarly journals An Analysis of The National Health Insurance Policy Implementation in 2014 (Presidential Regulation No. 12 And 111/2013 on Health Insurance) from The Regulator’s Position

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arief Hasan ◽  
Puput Oktamianti ◽  
Dumilah Ayuningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
National Health Insurance ◽  
National Health ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Universal Health

Abstract. JKN (National Health Insurance) is a government program that aims to provide health assurance for all Indonesian citizens for a healthy, productive, and prosperous life. In the two years after JKN was implemented, various problems occurred. This research used the qualitative approach with the Edward II implementation theory. Results of the research indicated that there were problems in communication, stemming from the lack of socialization and inharmonic regulations, there was also the problem of the lack of healthcare resources. From the disposition side, the policy makers often obstructs the implementation preparation, this is evident from the information on determining the premium size. From the organization structure, all the stakeholders have been well coordinated. We conclude that we are not ready to implement the JKN. We recommend that mass and effective socialization program to be performed using various methods of communication and involve the community. To reduce the disparity of healthcare services, we recommend that the regional government to establish various healthcare facilities to accelerate health development. There should also be regulations that allocates healthcare staff in every corner of the country to achieve Universal Health Coverage in 2019, as stated in the National Health Insurance Road Map. Keywords: policy analysis, national health insurance, universal health coverage

scholarly journals Measuring the Direct Cost Burden of Illness in Burkina Faso

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Ousmane Traoré
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Direct Cost ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Burden Of Illness ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Catastrophic Health Expenditure ◽  
Cost Burden ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Universal Health

In this article, we evaluate the direct cost burden of illness in Burkina Faso. The methodological approach predicts the normative health expenditure based on the population’s health risk factors and adjusts the income based on people’s asset portfolios, which are supposed to influence their ability to manage shocks, or their vulnerability to shocks like illness. Thus, using the National Institute for Statistics and Demography’s priority surveys database of 1996, our methodology leads to a better information on the distributions of income and health care spending across a subsample of 1022 treated individuals. Subsequently, the average of the direct cost burden of illness is 11.17%, and 50% of the population spend more than 10.52% of their adjusted income on normative health care. Otherwise, there is a difference of 66.84 of percentage points between the highest and lowest cost burdens. Overall, women face higher direct costs burden compared to men. Given the “catastrophic health expenditure” threshold conventionally set at 10% of income, to decrease these financial vulnerabilities and inequalities in Burkina Faso, one solution would be to achieve universal health coverage.

scholarly journals Ghana’s Journey towards Universal Health Coverage: The Role of the National Health Insurance Scheme

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kipo-Sunyehzi ◽  
Amogre Ayanore ◽  
Dzidzonu ◽  
Ayalsuma Yakubu
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
National Health Insurance ◽  
National Health ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
National Health Insurance Scheme ◽  
Health Insurance Scheme ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Insurance Scheme ◽  
Universal Health

: Background: the main aim of the study is to find if the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) in Ghana is achieving universal health coverage (UHC) or not. The study gives the trajectories of health policies in Ghana and their implications on long term health financing. NHIS in Ghana was implemented in 2004, with the aim of increasing subscribers’ access to health care services and reduce financial barriers to health care. On equity access to healthcare, it addresses two core concerns: (1) enrolling particular groups (persons exempted from annual premium payments) and (2) achieving UHC for all citizens and persons with legal residence. It utilizes a multifactor approach to the conceptualization of UHC. The research question: is Ghana’s NHIS on course to deliver or achieve universal health coverage? Methods: we used qualitative methods. In doing so, the study engaged participants in in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and direct observations of participants in their natural settings, like hospitals, clinics, offices and homes, with purposive and snowball techniques. This data triangulation approach aims to increase the reliability and validity of findings. Results: the empirical evidence shows NHIS performed relatively well in enrolling more exempt groups (particular groups) than enrolling all persons in Ghana (UHC). The biggest challenge for the implementation of NHIS from the perspectives of health insurance officials is inadequate funding. The health insurance beneficiaries complained of delays during registrations and renewals. They also complained of poor attitude of some health insurance officials and health workers at facilities. Conclusions: both health insurance officials and beneficiaries emphasized the need for increased public education and for implementers to adopt a friendly attitude towards clients. To move towards achieving UHC, there is a need to redesign the policy, to move it from current voluntary contributions, to adopt a broad tax-based approach to cover all citizens and persons with legal residence in Ghana. Also, to adopt a flexible premium payment system (specifically ‘payments by installation’ or ‘part payments’) and widen the scope of exempt groups as a way of enrolling more into the NHIS.

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