Results of experimental and natural surveys of acoustic and hydroacoustic impact of air-cushion vessels (ACV) on hydrobionts and avifauna in the Ural River delta and estuarine coastal water in summer-autumn, 2017 are provided in this article. Parameters of the experimental conditions of hydroacoustic noise propagation in water were calculated on the basis of the waveguide acoustic model developed in the P.P.Shirshov Institute of Oceanology. To assess an impact of acoustic and hydroacoustic impact on hydrobionts and avifauna, field surveys have been conducted including construction of isograms of sound waves propagation in air and water with their cartographic binding. Also, comparative indicators of measurements of acoustic and hydroacoustic noise from various engine type vessels were applied. Considering ultimate threshold levels of air and underwater noise, results of the biological studies allow making conclusion that acoustic and hydroacoustic impact of low speed ACV is below the levels of acoustic and hydroacoustic impact of vessels with traditional types of engines and is not reflected on the conditions of natural life activity of hydrobionts and avifauna
Use of the cellular automatons (CA) for the discrete simulation of urban sound waves propagation in the smart cities context
