Comparison of growth and N accumulation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cv. OAC Rico and its two nodulation mutants, R69 and R99

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Shirtliffe ◽  
J. Kevin Vessey ◽  
B. R. Buttery ◽  
S. J. Park
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
Nodulation Mutants ◽  
Wild Type Parent

Nodulation mutants are present in many species of legumes and have potential as ideal reference crops in field measurements of N2 fixation. The objective of this experiment was to characterize the growth, development, mineral-N accumulation, and N2 fixation of two nodulation mutants of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), R69 (nod+/fix−) and R99 (nod−) in comparison with the wild type parent OAC Rico. The mutants were incapable of N2 fixation. With dual dependence on N2 fixation and [Formula: see text] as N sources, OAC Rico accumulated more N than R69 and R99. However, when supplied with mineral [Formula: see text] sufficient to prevent N2 fixation in OAC Rico, its growth and N accumulation did not differ from those of the mutants. There were differences in internode length that resulted in different heights among the three lines. The addition of silver to the nutrient solution failed to restore nodulation to R99. As a result, it was determined that the nod− phenotype is not a result of an ethylene-related mutation. The nodulation mutants R69 and R99 appear to be good choices as reference crops for common bean in N2 fixation studies. Key words: Common bean, N accumulation, N2 fixation, nodulation mutants, Phaseolus vulgaris, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli

Characterization of some non-fixing mutants of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 977-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Buttery ◽  
S. J. Park
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Parent Line ◽  
Rhizobium Strains ◽  
Wild Type Parent

With 18 strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli the bean mutants R99 and NOD125 remained essentially non-nodulating, while the mutant R69 produced a variable number of small white ineffective nodules, and the wild-type parent-line OAC Rico formed a variable number of pink effective nodules. Both R69 and R99 grew less vigorously than OAC Rico, but possessed similar levels of nitrate reductase in both roots and leaves, and responded in a normal way to increased supply of combined nitrogen. Reciprocal grafts between the non-nodulating R99 and NOD125, the ineffective R69, the wild-type parent line OAC Rico, and the supernodulating R32BS, demonstrated that the non-nodulating and ineffective characters were controlled by the root, and confirmed that the supernodulation character was controlled by the shoot. Key words: Common bean, nitrate reductase, non-fixing mutants, Phaseolus vulgaris, Rhizobium strains, supernodulation

RESPONSES OF FIELD BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) TO LEVELS OF Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli INOCULATION IN SOILS CONTAINING EFFECTIVE R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli POPULATIONS

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. N. KUCEY
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Field Bean ◽  
Nodule Occupancy ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant

Greenhouse studies were conducted to determine the effect of adding Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli inocula to field beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) growing in soils already containing R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli. Indigenous R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli populations in the 12 soils used ranged from 1.1 × 101 to 4 × 105 rhizobia g−1 of soil. Antibiotic-resistant isolates of R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli strain 3644 were used as inocula and inoculum levels ranged from 104 to 108 bacteria per seed. N-15 isotope dilution methods with barley as a nonfixing control plant were used to determine N2 fixation levels. Bean plants grown in soils containing greater than 8 × 10 R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli did not show positive responses to added rhizobia, except in one soil where the inoculum formed a significant proportion of nodules on inoculated plants. Plants growing in soils with less than 8 × 103R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli did show increased levels of plant N accumulation and dry matter production in response to rhizobium addition if the level of soil mineral N was less than 25 μg N g−1 soil. Nodule occupancy by the marked R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli isolate increased only in soils containing 8 × 103R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli or less. The resident population of rhizobia in many of the soils was determined to be effective in N2 fixation since the proportion of N derived from N2 fixation did not increase in response to inoculation. Increasing the number of R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli added per seed from 104 to 108 did not generally increase the effectiveness of the added inocula. Responses of beans to R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli inoculation can only be expected in soils with low levels of resident R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli and mineral N.Key words: Field bean, nodule occupancy, N-15 dilution, competition, N2 fixation

NODULATION MUTANTS OF WHITE BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) INDUCED BY ETHYL-METHANE SULPHONATE

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. PARK ◽  
B. R. BUTTERY
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Ethyl Methane Sulphonate ◽  
Ethyl Methane ◽  
Methane Sulphonate ◽  
Nodulation Mutants ◽  
White Bean ◽  
The One

Seed of the OAC Rico and Swan Valley cultivars of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was treated with 0.04 M ethyl-methane sulphonate (EMS). Screening of M2 populations in the presence of 8 mM nitrate + 2 mM ammonium, which substantially inhibited nodulation of the parental cultivars revealed nitrate tolerant supernodulating (ntsn), copious nodulating and non-nodulating mutants. One ntsn mutant from 175 M1 lines of OAC Rico and two ntsn mutants from 467 M1 lines of Swan Valley were obtained. M3 progenies derived from the Rico and the one fertile Swan Valley ntsn-mutants (M2) bred true.Key words: Nodulation, dry edible (navy, common) bean, EMS, Phaseolus vulgaris

EFFECTS OF COMBINED NITROGEN, Rhizobium STRAIN AND SUBSTRATE ON A SUPERNODULATING MUTANT OF Phaseolus vulgaris L.

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 955-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. BUTTERY ◽  
S. J. PARK ◽  
B. N. DHANVANTARI
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Nodulation Mutants ◽  
Supernodulating Mutant ◽  
N Treatment

Nodulation, plant growth and seed yield of the supernodulating mutant Rico 32M2-BS and its parent, cv. OAC Rico (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are described in relation to supply of combined N and inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli and R. fredii. Combined N depressed nodule numbers more severely in the mutant than in its parent line, OAC Rico, at the first sample 14 d after seeding, but at 35 d, combined N increased nodule numbers in both the mutant and OAC Rico, and increased nodule mass in the mutant. In the absence of N, AR per plant increased between 14 and 35 d but AR per gram nodule weight declined. In the +N treatment, AR per plant and per gram nodule was greatest at 28 d, but in other samples AR of the +N treatments tended to be lower than in −N treatments. Plant growth of both the mutant and OAC Rico was stimulated by combined N. Both the mutant and OAC Rico nodulated well and effectively with three pure strains of R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli and with indigenous soil strains. They both nodulated ineffectively with three strains of R. fredii, but the mutant plants still expressed their supernodulating characteristic. In the field test, plant growth of the mutant and OAC Rico was similar at the three levels of N fertilizer. Nodule dry weight was greater in the mutant than in OAC Rico; nitrogen depressed nodule dry weight in both lines. Seed yield of OAC Rico was 1.5 times that of the mutant.Key words: Combined N, common bean, nitrogen fixation, nodulation mutants, Phaseolus, Rhizobium, supernodulation

Competition among Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli strains for nodulation of common bean

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Luz C. George ◽  
Françoise M. Robert
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Nodule Occupancy ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Ideal Model ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Bush Bean ◽  
Nodulation Competitiveness

Six effective Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli strains were examined for nodulation competitiveness on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), using all possible two-strain combinations of inoculum. Nodule occupancy was determined with strain-specific fluorescent antibodies. The strains were divided into three groups according to their overall competitive abilities on pole bean cv. Kentucky Wonder and bush bean cv. Bountiful. Strains TAL 182 and TAL 1472 were highly competitive (greater than 70% nodule occupancy); strains KIM-5, Viking 1, and CIAT 899 were moderately competitive (approximately 50% nodule occupancy); and strain CIAT 632 was poorly competitive (less than 5% nodule occupancy). The competitiveness of the six strains was similar on the two host cultivars. The proportion of competing strains in the inoculum influenced the nodule occupancy of the highly competitive and moderately competitive strains, but not that of the poorly competitive strain. Two outstanding strains (TAL 182 and TAL 1472) were identified as ideal model strains for molecular and genetic studies on nodulation competitiveness. Key words: Rhizobium, Phaseolus vulgaris, nodulation, competition.

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