On the Asphericity of Knot Complements

1993 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-356
Author(s):  
Vo Thanh Liem ◽  
Gerard A. Venema
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Group ◽  
Homotopy Group ◽  
Homotopy Groups ◽  
Unusual Property ◽  
Knot Complements ◽  
Flat Embedding

AbstractTwo examples of topological embeddings of S2 in S4 are constructed. The first has the unusual property that the fundamental group of the complement is isomorphic to the integers while the second homotopy group of the complement is nontrivial. The second example is a non-locally flat embedding whose complement exhibits this property locally.Two theorems are proved. The first answers the question of just when good π1 implies the vanishing of the higher homotopy groups for knot complements in S4. The second theorem characterizes local flatness for 2-spheres in S4 in terms of a local π1 condition.

scholarly journals A Group of Automorphisms of the Homotopy Groups

1951 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Uehara
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subgroup ◽  
Topological Space ◽  
Fundamental Group ◽  
Homotopy Group ◽  
Factor Group ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
Homotopy Groups ◽  
Group Of Automorphisms ◽  
Arcwise Connected

It is well known that the fundamental group π1(X) of an arcwise connected topological space X operates on the n-th homotopy group πn(X) of X as a group of automorphisms. In this paper I intend to construct geometrically a group 𝒰(X) of automorphisms of πn(X), for every integer n ≥ 1, which includes a normal subgroup isomorphic to π1(X) so that the factor group of 𝒰(X) by π1(X) is completely determined by some invariant Σ(X) of the space X. The complete analysis of the operation of the group on πn(X) is given in §3, §4, and §5,

Symmetric Powers of Motives

2019 ◽  
pp. 232-252
Author(s):  
Christian Haesemeyer ◽  
Charles A. Weibel
Keyword(s):  
Topological Space ◽  
Symmetric Group ◽  
Homotopy Group ◽  
Orbit Space ◽  
Symmetric Power ◽  
Homotopy Groups ◽  
Integral Homology ◽  
Symmetric Powers ◽  
Mac Lane ◽  
Abelian Monoid

This chapter develops the basic theory of symmetric powers of smooth varieties. The constructions in this chapter are based on an analogy with the corresponding symmetric power constructions in topology. If 𝐾 is a set (or even a topological space) then the symmetric power 𝑆𝑚𝐾 is defined to be the orbit space 𝐾𝑚/Σ‎𝑚, where Σ‎𝑚 is the symmetric group. If 𝐾 is pointed, there is an inclusion 𝑆𝑚𝐾 ⊂ 𝑆𝑚+1𝐾 and 𝑆∞𝐾 = ∪𝑆𝑚𝐾 is the free abelian monoid on 𝐾 − {*}. When 𝐾 is a connected topological space, the Dold–Thom theorem says that ̃𝐻*(𝐾, ℤ) agrees with the homotopy groups π‎ *(𝑆∞𝐾). In particular, the spaces 𝑆∞(𝑆 𝑛) have only one homotopy group (𝑛 ≥ 1) and hence are the Eilenberg–Mac Lane spaces 𝐾(ℤ, 𝑛) which classify integral homology.

On Localized Unstable K1-groups and Applications to Self-homotopy Groups

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 344-356
Author(s):  
Daisuke Kishimoto ◽  
Akira Kono ◽  
Mitsunobu Tsutaya
Keyword(s):  
Homotopy Group ◽  
The Self ◽  
Explicit Description ◽  
Homotopy Groups

AbstractThe method for computing the p-localization of the group [X, U(n)], by Hamanaka in 2004, is revised. As an application, an explicit description of the self-homotopy group of Sp(3) localized at p ≥ 5 is given and the homotopy nilpotency of Sp(3) localized at p ≥ 5 is determined.

scholarly journals On Moduli Spaces of Positive Scalar Curvature Metrics on Highly Connected Manifolds

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Wiemeler
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Group ◽  
Scalar Curvature ◽  
Moduli Space ◽  
Moduli Spaces ◽  
Positive Scalar Curvature ◽  
Spin Manifold ◽  
Homotopy Groups ◽  
Positive Scalar ◽  
Simply Connected ◽  
Highly Connected Manifolds

Abstract Let $M$ be a simply connected spin manifold of dimension at least six, which admits a metric of positive scalar curvature. We show that the observer moduli space of positive scalar curvature metrics on $M$ has non-trivial higher homotopy groups. Moreover, denote by $\mathcal{M}_0^+(M)$ the moduli space of positive scalar curvature metrics on $M$ associated to the group of orientation-preserving diffeomorphisms of $M$. We show that if $M$ belongs to a certain class of manifolds that includes $(2n-2)$-connected $(4n-2)$-dimensional manifolds, then the fundamental group of $\mathcal{M}_0^+(M)$ is non-trivial.

UNKNOTTING ORIENTABLE SURFACES IN THE 4-SPHERE

1995 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 213-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
JONATHAN A. HILLMAN ◽  
AKIO KAWAUCHI
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Group ◽  
Orientable Surface ◽  
Closed Orientable Surface ◽  
Flat Embedding ◽  
Orientable Surfaces

We show that a topologically locally flat embedding of a closed orientable surface in the 4-sphere is isotopic to one whose image lies in the equatorial 3-sphere if and only if its exterior has an infinite cyclic fundamental group.

scholarly journals Some results in quasitopological homotopy groups

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 1663-1668
Author(s):  
T. Nasri ◽  
H. Mirebrahimi ◽  
H. Torabi
Keyword(s):  
Exact Sequence ◽  
Topological Space ◽  
Homotopy Group ◽  
Loop Space ◽  
Homotopy Groups

UDC 515.4 We show that the th quasitopological homotopy group of a topological space is isomorphic to th quasitopological homotopy group of its loop space and by this fact we obtain some results about quasitopological homotopy groups. Finally, using the long exact sequence of a based pair and a fibration in qTop introduced by Brazas in 2013, we obtain some results in this field.

On first countable quasitopological homotopy groups

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 773-779
Author(s):  
Hamid Torabi
Keyword(s):  
Homotopy Group ◽  
Loop Space ◽  
Homotopy Groups ◽  
Compact Open Topology ◽  
Quotient Maps

Abstract If q: X → Y is a quotient map, then, in general, q × q: X × X → Y × Y may fail to be a quotient map. In this paper, by reviewing the concept of homotopy groups and quotient maps, we find under which conditions the map q × q is a quotient map, where q: Ω n (X, x 0) → πn (X, x 0), is the natural quotient map from the nth loop space of (X, x 0), Ω n (X, x 0), with compact-open topology to the quasitopological nth homotopy group πn (X, x 0). Ultimately, using these results, we found some properties of first countable homotopy groups.

Path Components and the Fundamental Group

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-126
Author(s):  
Graham Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Group ◽  
Algebraic Topology ◽  
High Dimensional ◽  
Discrete Groups ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Cw Complex ◽  
Random Simplicial Complexes ◽  
Knot Complements ◽  
Protein Backbones ◽  
Basic Concepts

This chapter introduces some of the basic concepts of algebraic topology and describes datatypes and algorithms for implementing them on a computer. The basic concepts include: regular CW-complex, non-regular CW-complex, simplicial complex, cubical complex, permutahedral complex, simple homotopy, set of path-components, fundamental group, van Kampen’s theorem, knot quandle, Alexander polynomial of a knot, covering space. These are illustrated using computer examples involving digital images, protein backbones, high-dimensional point cloud data, knot complements, discrete groups, and random simplicial complexes.

Brunnian braids over the 2-sphere and Artin combed form

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150012
Author(s):  
Duzhin Fedor ◽  
Loh Sher En Jessica
Keyword(s):  
Exact Sequence ◽  
Word Problem ◽  
Open Problem ◽  
Homotopy Group ◽  
Mapping Class Groups ◽  
Braid Groups ◽  
Mapping Class ◽  
Homotopy Groups ◽  
Class Groups ◽  
Homotopy Groups Of Spheres

Finding homotopy group of spheres is an old open problem in topology. Berrick et al. derive in [A. J. Berrick, F. Cohen, Y. L. Wong and J. Wu, Configurations, braids, and homotopy groups, J. Amer. Math. Soc. 19 (2006)] an exact sequence that relates Brunnian braids to homotopy groups of spheres. We give an interpretation of this exact sequence based on the combed form for braids over the sphere developed in [R. Gillette and J. V. Buskirk, The word problem and consequences for the braid groups and mapping class groups of the two-sphere, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 131 (1968) 277–296] with the aim of helping one to visualize the sequence and to do calculations based on it.

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