scholarly journals Seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen in pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Honiara Solomon Islands, 2015

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (34) ◽  
pp. 1521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneley Getahun ◽  
Margaret Baekalia ◽  
Nixon Panda ◽  
Alice Lee ◽  
Elliot Puiahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Antenatal Clinic

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at Nyamagana District Hospital Mwanza, Tanzania

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam M. Mirambo ◽  
Peter B. Mbena ◽  
Martha F. Mushi ◽  
Majigo Mtebe ◽  
Nyambura Moremi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Routine Screening ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mwanza City

In developing countries there is no routine screening of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among pregnant women resulting into limited data on its magnitude. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with active HBV infection among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic (ANC) in Mwanza City, Tanzania. A total of 211 pregnant women were serially enrolled between May and July 2014. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was determined using a rapid Immuno-chromatographic assay. The median age of the study population was 23 years (IQR 20-29 years).  Of 211 pregnant women, 61.6% (130/211) were multigravidae. Eight (3.8%) of the pregnant women were positive with HBsAg. There was a significant difference in prevalence between primigravidae and multigravidae (0.8% vs. 8.6%, p=0.017). Active hepatitis B infection among pregnant women in Mwanza city is low and associated with multigravidity. Despite low prevalence of acute hepatitis B infection routine screening of HBsAg and anti HBsAg antibodies, coupled with the vaccination of those at risk should be introduced to prevent hepatitis B infection complications. 

Discrepant Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Results in Pregnant Women Screened to Identify Hepatitis B Virus Infection

2014 ◽  
Vol 165 (4) ◽  
pp. 773-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven L. Veselsky ◽  
Tanja Y. Walker ◽  
Nancy Fenlon ◽  
Chong-Gee Teo ◽  
Trudy V. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽  
B Virus

Prevention of Hepatitis B Infection in Newborns Through Mass Screening and Delayed Vaccination of All Infants of Mothers With Hepatitis B Surface Antigen

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 1041-1048
Author(s):  
Solko W. Schalm ◽  
J. Adriaan Mazel ◽  
Gijsbert C. de Gast ◽  
Rudolf A. Heijtink ◽  
Meindert J. Botman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Large City ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Active Vaccination ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Beginning in 1982 all pregnant women undergoing prenatal routine blood analysis in three large city hospitals and one large rural area were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Infants of all HBsAg-positive mothers received hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIg), 0.5 mL/kg of body weight within two hours of birth and, after randomization, 10 µg of hepatitis B vaccine either at 0, 1, 2, and 11 months of age (schedule A) or at 3, 4, 5, and 11 months of age (schedule B). A second injection of HBIg (1 mL) was given to infants on schedule B at 3 months of age. Blood samples were obtained at 3, 6, 11, 12, 24, and 36 months. In a two-year period, 28,412 pregnant women were tested for HBsAg; screening efficiency varied between 85% and 98%. The overall prevalence of HBsAg was 0.8%, with a marked variation between urban centers (2.2%) and the rural area (0.3%). Vaccinations were received by 180 of 193 infants of HBsAg-positive mothers (90 on schedule A and 90 on schedule B). Concentrations of hepatitis B surface antibody less than 10 IU/L were observed in nine instances in five children from group A and in seven instances in six children from group B. Four hepatitis B viral infections (two HBsAg carriers, two who underwent antihepatitis B core seroconversions) were recorded in group A v one infection (antihepatitis B core seroconversion) in group B. The protective efficacy of the program (screening plus passive immunization and delayed vaccination) was 94%. The estimated cost of preventing one case of hepatitis B infection in neonates was $3,000 (US currency). It is concluded that screening all pregnant women for HBsAg can be introduced effectively at reasonable costs in a country with a low prevalence of HBsAg and a high proportion of home deliveries. Delayed active vaccination starting at 3 months of age may be an effective and, for reasons of high compliance and low cost, attractive alternative to early active vaccination.

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