scholarly journals Prevalence of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Secondary School Students in Benin City

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
MD Wogu ◽  
NE Ogbebor
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-163
Author(s):  
L.I. Anagha ◽  
C.U. Inegbenosun ◽  
H. Inegbenosun

Background: Intestinal helminthic infections are generally common in children accounting for the largest disability adjusted life years (DALYs) of all the parasitic agents. In this study, we determined the prevalence of intestinal helminthic infections among secondary school students in a semi-urban community in Edo State, Nigeria. Methodology: A descriptive cross sectional study of 489 students from four secondary schools in Esan West Local Government Area of Edo State, Nigeria was conducted between December 2018 and July 2019. The schools were selected by stratified random sampling and all eligible students in each school were enrolled. Stool samples were collected from each student into sterile universal bottle and direct wet mount as well as formol-ether concentrated samples were examined under compound light microscope at the Animal and Environmental Biology Laboratory of the University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria. Structured questionnaire was administered to collect data on socio-demographic and potential risk factors for helminthic infection. Data were analysed with SPSS version 22.0 and associations between variables compared using Chi square or Fischer exact test, with p<0.05 as significant value.Results: Of the total 489 students examined (261 males, 228 females), 6 had intestinal helminthic infection, giving an overall prevalence rate of 1.2%, with 0.7% (n=2) in males and 1.8% (n=4) in females (p=0.4244). Three helminthic parasites, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and Ancylostoma duodenale were identified. All the 6 subjects with helminthiasis had been de-wormed at interval of more than 1 year. Regular hand washing practices (p<0.025) and de-worming interval of 1 year or less (p=0.000) were factors significantly associated with low prevalence of helminthic infection while other risk factors were not significantly associated. Conclusion: The study shows low prevalence of intestinal helminthic  infections among secondary school students in Esan West LGA, Edo State, Nigeria. The high level of hand hygiene practices among the participants may account for the low prevalence, which emphasizes the effective role of hygiene practices in the control and elimination of intestinal parasitic infections. De-worming of students at regular interval (yearly) is  recommended.Keywords: Intestinal helminth, Prevalence, risk factors, hand hygiene, de-wormingFrench Title: Prévalence des infections helminthiques intestinales chez les élèves du secondaire dans l'État d'Edo, au NigériaContexte: les infections helminthiques intestinales sont généralement fréquentes chez les enfants représentant les plus grandes années de vie corrigées de l'incapacité (Avci) de tous les agents parasitaires. Dans cette étude, nous avons déterminé la prévalence des infections helminthiques intestinales chez les élèves du secondaire dans une communauté semi-urbaine de L'État D'Edo, au Nigeria Méthodologie: une étude transversale descriptive de 489 étudiants de quatre écoles secondaires dans la zone de Gouvernement Local D'Esan West de L'État D'Edo, au Nigeria, a été menée entre décembre 2018 et juillet 2019. Les écoles ont été sélectionnées par échantillonnage aléatoire stratifié et tous les élèves admissibles de chaque école ont été inscrits. Des échantillons de selles ont été prélevés chez chaque étudiant dans une bouteille universelle stérile et une monture humide directe ainsi que des échantillons concentrés de Formol-éther étaient examinés au microscope optique composé au Laboratoire de Biologie animale et environnementale de L'Université du Bénin, Benin City, Nigeria. Un questionnaire structuré a été administré pour recueillir des données sur les facteurs de risque sociodémographiques et potentiels d'infection helminthique. Les données étaient analysées avec la version SPSS 22.0 et les associations entre les variables comparées à L'aide du Chi carré ou du test Fischer exact, avec p<0,05 pris comme valeur significative. Résultats: sur les 489 étudiants examinés (261 hommes, 228 femmes), 6 avaient une infection helminthique intestinale, ce qui donne un taux de prévalence global de 1,2%, avec 0,7% (n=2) chez les hommes et 1,8% (n=4) chez les femmes (p=0,4244). Trois parasites helminthiques, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichura et Ancylostoma duodenale ont été identifiés. Tous les 6 sujets avec d'helminthiase avaient été vermifugés à intervalle de plus d’un an. Les pratiques régulières de lavage des mains (p<0,025) et l'intervalle vermifuge de 1 an ou moins (p=0,000) étaient des facteurs significativement associés à une faible prévalence de l'infection helminthique alors que d'autres facteurs de risque n'étaient pas significativement associés. Conclusion: L'étude montre une faible prévalence des infections  helminthiques intestinales chez les élèves du secondaire à Esan West LGA, dans L'État D'Edo, au Nigeria. Le niveau élevé de pratiques d'hygiène des mains chez les participants peut expliquer la faible prévalence, ce qui souligne le rôle efficace des pratiques d'hygiène dans le contrôle et l'élimination des infections parasitaires intestinales. Il est recommandé de déparasiter les élèves à intervalles réguliers (chaque année).Mots-clés: helminthes intestinaux, prévalence, facteurs de risque, hygiène des mains, vermifuge 


2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz Neber ◽  
Kurt A. Heller

Summary The German Pupils Academy (Deutsche Schüler-Akademie) is a summer-school program for highly gifted secondary-school students. Three types of program evaluation were conducted. Input evaluation confirmed the participants as intellectually highly gifted students who are intrinsically motivated and interested to attend the courses offered at the summer school. Process evaluation focused on the courses attended by the participants as the most important component of the program. Accordingly, the instructional approaches meet the needs of highly gifted students for self-regulated and discovery oriented learning. The product or impact evaluation was based on a multivariate social-cognitive framework. The findings indicate that the program contributes to promoting motivational and cognitive prerequisites for transforming giftedness into excellent performances. To some extent, the positive effects on students' self-efficacy and self-regulatory strategies are due to qualities of the learning environments established by the courses.


2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake Harwood ◽  
Laszlo Vincze

Based on the model of Reid, Giles and Abrams (2004 , Zeitschrift für Medienpsychologie, 16, 17–25), this paper describes and analyzes the relation between television use and ethnolinguistic-coping strategies among German speakers in South Tyrol, Italy. The data were collected among secondary school students (N = 415) in 2011. The results indicated that the television use of the students was dominated by the German language. A mediation analysis revealed that TV viewing contributed to the perception of ethnolinguistic vitality, the permeability of intergroup boundaries, and status stability, which in turn affected ethnolinguistic-coping strategies of mobility (moving toward the outgroup), creativity (maintaining identity without confrontation), and competition (fighting for ingroup rights and respect). Findings and theoretical implications are discussed.


2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Latsch ◽  
Bettina Hannover

We investigated effects of the media’s portrayal of boys as “scholastic failures” on secondary school students. The negative portrayal induced stereotype threat (boys underperformed in reading), stereotype reactance (boys displayed stronger learning goals towards mathematics but not reading), and stereotype lift (girls performed better in reading but not in mathematics). Apparently, boys were motivated to disconfirm their group’s negative depiction, however, while they could successfully apply compensatory strategies when describing their learning goals, this motivation did not enable them to perform better. Overall the media portrayal thus contributes to the maintenance of gender stereotypes, by impairing boys’ and strengthening girls’ performance in female connoted domains and by prompting boys to align their learning goals to the gender connotation of the domain.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document