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Medicines ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Osaro Ogie Enehizena ◽  
Mathias A. Emokpae

Drinking water can be a potential source of toxic metals, which are a known leading cause of infertility in men. This study determines the concentrations of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) in drinking water (borehole, hand-dug well and treated water) and sex hormone levels (serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PROL), estradiol (E2), progesterone (PROG), and testosterone (T) in males who drink water mainly from these sources. The concentrations of Cd, and Pb in hand-dug wells were higher than the permissible limit recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) while Zn and Cu were within the permissible levels in drinking water. Blood Cd and Pb levels were significantly higher (p < 0.001) among subjects who consumed hand-dug and borehole water than treated water, while serum Zn was significantly lower (p < 0.001) in hand-dug well and borehole water consumers than in control subjects. Also, serum FSH (p < 0.001), LH (p < 0.001), E2 (p < 0.002), PROG (p < 0.04) and T (p < 0.001) were significantly lower among hand-dug well and borehole water consumers than controls, while PROL (p < 0.001) was significantly higher in hand-dug well and borehole water consumers than controls. Blood Cd and Pb levels were significantly higher (p < 0.001) in hand-dug well water consumers than borehole water consumers. The consumption of water from hand-dug wells may have adverse reproductive sequelae among consumers.


Author(s):  
Obinna Johnkennedy Chukwu

The study was carried out to assess public relations’ practice of Edo State University Uzairue. The study was predicated on Systems Theory (ST). The objectives were to determine the extent whether or not the Institution has a functional public relations department and to evaluate the extent of its public relations activities’ effectiveness, amongst others.  Interview schedule was used to elicit information from the public relations office headed by the public relations officer. Findings indicates, amongst others, that the University has a public relations office, but does not have public relations department, and that the extent of her public relations activities’ effectiveness is average, amongst others. Given the above and the enormity of the importance of public relations to the educational institutions, the study, thus, recommend that Edo State University Uzairue should set-up a PR department with its ancillary compliments; step-up, and also, utilise effective public relations strategies in order to achieve effectiveness in its public relations’ campaigns or activities.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
S. O. Obaje

The study area is located in Egbetua area in Akoko Edo Local Government Area of Edo State, southwestern Nigeria. the aim of the study is to assess the concentrations of potentially toxic elements in sediments from the study area. Ten samples collected from various locations in Egbetua stream were subjected to standard geochemical analysis using energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectrometer model “Minipal 4”. The average concentrations of six elements are V (26.89 ppm), Cr (32.33 ppm), Co (6.13 ppm), Ni (16.10 ppm), Au (21.13 ppm), and Zr (1,285.20 ppm) and they were compared to those of upper continental crust baseline values. V, Cr, Co, and Ni have extremely low concentrations, while Au and Zr have very high concentrations. Moreover, V, Cr, Co, and Ni have average enrichment ratios of 0.28, 0.35, 0.35 and 0.34, respectively, which are < 1 implying their depletion in relation to their average crustal baseline concentrations. On the other hand, Au and Zr are highly enriched in the study area. Au has average geoaccumulation index (Igeo) values of 4.40 indicative of strongly to extremely polluted, while Cr, Co, Ni and Zr have average Igeo values of 10.95, 6.14, 9.98 and 17.34, respectively, indicative of sediments that are extremely polluted. The potentially toxic elements pose very serious environmental geochemical pollution threat in the study area. It is recommended that urgent action should be taken to mitigate and clean the study area of these potentially toxic elements.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benson Ohihon Igboin

This article discusses the origin, spread and efficacy of the deity Ayelala, who is responsible for the execution of justice. After an account of the deification of Ayelala, it discusses the recent spread of the deity, originally from the areas inhabited by the Ijaw, Ilaje, and Ikale, to Benin, where her presence has been highly effective in combating public crimes such as theft, robbery and kidnapping. Beyond the punishment and control of public crimes, a report of Ayelala’s revelations about the causes of a personal death also illustrates the deity’s ability to provide justice in personal matters. The article argues that doubts about Ayelala’s existence, as put forward by some critics, are illogical and indeed irrelevant as long as the deity is seen to produce results. Building on the arguments of the British anthropologist E. E. Evans-Pritchard, who suggests that witchcraft explains unfortunate events, this article argues that the experience of certain fortunate events, such as the punishment of evildoers or the revelation of metaphysical causes of death, confirm the existence of Ayelala as a counter-force to witchcraft and other forms of metaphysical evil.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Orobosa Orobator ◽  
Emmanuel Ekpenkhio

The study examined land use effect on quality of plateau soils, using Ososo in Northern Edo State, Nigeria as a case study. The objectives were to examine the status of soils under the different land uses and evaluate variation in the physicochemical properties of soils among the investigated sites. A total of thirty-six soil samples were collected from secondary forest, cocoa plantation and quarry site at 0 - 15 and 15 - 30 cm depths. Soil quality indicators were analyzed in the laboratory, while data were examined by descriptive and inferential statistics. Due to the effect of mining activities, quarry site had lower mean values of soil organic matter, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorous, effective cation exchange capacity, potassium, copper and manganese while iron, zinc and calcium were lower in secondary forest. However, Na and ECEC were higher in cocoa plantation. The study further revealed that though the examined land uses had varied effects on the soil properties; quarry site impacted the soil quality parameters more negatively compared to the secondary forest and cocoa plantation land use types. Significant variation (p < 0.05) in sand, clay and available phosphorous was detected in the topsoil of the different land uses. The research concluded that the status of the soil nutrients was low. To improve the quality of the plateau soils, liming and the use of animal droppings, town refuse ash and plant remains is recommended.


Author(s):  
Grace Jackson ◽  
Moses Israel ◽  
Geoffrey Terkura, Tyolaha

As with many occupations, computers and technology have become vital parts of working life. With hotel management, computers can be used to record, report and analyze the effectiveness of internal operations such as reservations, registration, guest history, guest accounting audit, and back-office accounting, thereby bringing a variety of benefits including ample amount of memory, advanced communication, advanced functioning among others. In view of these, this study design and develop an online-based hotel information system for University of Benin Guest House, Benin City, Edo State. The system is met to automate data entry methods; ensure efficient and reliable communication within the Guest House and enable fast and easy retrieval of guest records and data for fast reference activities. The Unified Modelling Language (UML) was used to model the system architecture and design, while the software was developed using PHP and MySQL. Also provided in this report is a description of the software design and implementation requirements.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
J.S. Ogeh ◽  
A.E. Imogie ◽  
C.S. Maduakor

This study was conducted to assess the micronutrient status of soils under three different management practices at the Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research (NIFOR), Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. Soil samples were collected from three different fields Research (NIFOR), Benin City, Edo with different management practices. The samples were air dried and analyzed for Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mn contents using standard method. Data was subjected to ANOVA and correlation studies. Result showed that soil micronutrient status was generally low as revealed by their estimated levels of availability: field 53 (Mn = 0.0333; Zn = 3.723; Cu = 2.04; Fe = 6.4), field 56 (Mn = 0.0367; Zn = 3.737; Cu = 1.12; Fe = 7.0939), field 71 (Mn = 0.0167; Zn = 3.860; Cu = 2.89; Fe = 7.243). Fe and Zn were above critical level for the 3 fields. Mn was below the critical level for the 3 fields and was significantly higher in field 56 (Orlu and Kulfo series) (p≤ 0.05). They were all similar. Fe was significantly different in field 53 (Kulfo and Alagba series) but similar in fields 56 and 71 (p≤ 0.05). Cu was significantly different in the 3 fields tested with field 71 (Orlu and Alagba series) higher than the critical level. Correlation studies showed that pH had a positive and significant correlation with Fe and Zn as observed in fields 71 and 56 (r = 0.9934, P≤ 0.05) and (r = 0.9997, P ≤ 0.05) respectively. Cu was the only micronutrient that has correlation with clay on each of the fields: 53, 56 and 71 (r = 0.9929, P≤0.05) (r = 0.9988, P≤ 0.05) and (r = 0.9967, P ≤ 0.05) respectively. Strong correlation existed between clay and Fe in field 53 (r = 1, P≤ 0.05). The concentration of the micronutrients (Fe, Mn,Zn Cu), in field 53 were not extreme (neither the highest nor lowest) when comparing the three fields indicating that BMP (Best Management Practice) may be the best for maintaining good micronutrient level in soils supporting oil palm. Fields 53 and 56 is adequate in Fe and Zn but not adequate in Mn and Cu while field 71 was adequate in Zn, Fe, and Cu but not in Mn. Based on the result of this experiment, adequate fertilizers of these micronutrients as their respective sulphates or impurities should be added to maintain proper micronutrient level. 


Author(s):  
Japhet Ozogbuda ◽  
M. Tariq Iqbal

This paper presents the design of a DC microgrid for a remote community in Edo State, Nigeria having a solar irradiance of 4.63 kWh/m2/day. The community is isolated and located far away from the city with no access to the electricity grid. There is a need for lighting and running of electronics, as the main source of lighting presently is kerosine, which is not efficient and leads to health issues. The community is made up of 9 residences that are not more than 100 m apart. House 1 was selected as the standard house with a load of 1 kWh/day, while the other 8 houses have a load difference of ±10% with reference to house 1. Using a 48 V DC bus, the designed PV system components comprise of a 100W solar photovoltaic (PV) panel and a 12 V 45 A·hr battery. The system was sized using Homer Pro. Optimization results presented various design for the various houses. The result obtained showed reasonable and feasible cost-effective solution in terms of the Net Present Cost in both installation and running of the hybrid system for the community. Sensitivity analysis was also carried out to test the adaptability of the system using a solar irradiation input of ±10%. Detailed result of the analysis is presented in the paper.


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