scholarly journals Leech in the Rectum Causing Lower GI Bleeding in a Four Years Old Child: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsion Tilahun ◽  
Hawi Babu ◽  
Melkamu Berhane
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Rectal Bleeding ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Male Child ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Gi Bleeding ◽  
Domesticated Animals ◽  
Lower Gi Bleeding ◽  
Iron Sulphate

BACKGROUND፡ Leeches belong to a group of annelids of the class Hirudinea which are blood feeding ecto-parasites of humans, wild animals and domesticated animals. A leech can suck out as much blood as ten times its own weight. Leech can occur at different sites in humans commonly in the eyes, nasopharynx, larynx, urethra, and vagina and rarely in the rectum.CASE DETAILS: This is a four years old male child who presented with painless, bright red rectal bleeding for two weeks. Heamatocrit was 9.2%. Leech was removed from the rectum by letting the child sit on a bucket of water. The patient was transfused, followed for 24 hours and discharged with iron sulphate syrup.CONCLUSION: Leech infestation should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a child presenting with hematochezia.

scholarly journals Dieulafoy Lesion of Ileum: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-66
Author(s):  
Prakash Poudel ◽  
Ramesh Dhakwa
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Gastrointestinal Haemorrhage ◽  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
Gi Bleeding ◽  
Mucosal Defect ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Dieulafoy Lesion

Dieulafoy lesion is a rare cause of massive GI bleeding. It’s an abnormal sub-mucosal artery protruding from a minute mucosal defect (≤3 mm). A 31 yearold male presented with complaints of hematochezia. Preliminary investigations failed to locate the exact source of bleed. Enteroscopy suggested distal ileal bleed. At laparotomy, an ulcerated nodular lesion, approximately 0.5 cm was identified in distal ileum. 30 cm of ileum along with mesentery was resected. Histology revealed it to be Dieulafoy lesion. Dieulafoy lesion is uncommon but one of the causes of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding that could result in treacherous and life-threatening gastrointestinal haemorrhage. This lesion is difficult to identify and high index of suspicion is required to make diagnosis. Hence, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of active GI bleeding. The definitive diagnosis is based only on histopathology.

Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Nayor ◽  
John R. Saltzman
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Ischemic Colitis ◽  
Ileocecal Valve ◽  
Radiation Proctitis ◽  
Gi Bleeding ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Diverticular Bleeding ◽  
Endoscopic Techniques ◽  
Internal Hemorrhoids ◽  
Lower Gi Bleeding

Of patients who present with major gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, 20 to 30% will ultimately be diagnosed with bleeding originating from a lower GI source. Lower GI bleeding has traditionally been defined as bleeding originating from a source distal to the ligament of Treitz; however, with the advent of capsule endoscopy and deep enteroscopy allowing for visualization of the entire small bowel, the definition has been updated to GI bleeding originating from a source distal to the ileocecal valve. Lower GI bleeding can range from occult blood loss to massive bleeding with hemodynamic instability and predominantly affects older individuals, with a mean age at presentation of 63 to 77 years. Comorbid illness, which is a risk factor for mortality from GI bleeding, is also more common with increasing age. Most deaths related to GI bleeding are not due to uncontrolled hemorrhage but exacerbation of underlying comorbidities or nosocomial complications. This review covers the following areas: evaluation of lower GI bleeding (including physical examination and diagnostic tests), initial management, and differential diagnosis. Disorders addressed in the differential diagnosis include diverticulosis, arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), ischemic colitis, anorectal disorders, radiation proctitis, postpolypectomy bleeding, and colorectal neoplasms. Figures show an algorithm for management of patients with suspected lower GI bleeding, tagged red blood cell scans, diverticular bleeding, colonic AVM, ischemic colitis, bleeding hemorrhoid, chronic radiation proctitis, and ileocolonic valve polyp. Tables list descriptive terms for rectal bleeding and suggested location of bleeding, imaging modalities and differential diagnosis for lower GI bleeding, endoscopic techniques for hemostasis, and an internal hemorrhoids grading system. This review contains 9 figures, 8 tables, and 103 references.

scholarly journals Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba Syndrome, Rare Etiology of Intestinal Hamartomatouspolyposis: A case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
Zannatul Ferdous Sonia ◽  
Md Rukunuzzaman ◽  
ASM Bazlul Karim ◽  
Afsana Yasmin ◽  
Shashi Bhushan Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Rectal Bleeding ◽  
Autosomal Dominant ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Congenital Disorder ◽  
Male Child ◽  
Colonoscopic Polypectomy

Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome (BRRS) is a rare autosomal dominant congenital disorder, characterized bymacrocephaly, lipomas, hamartomas, and pigmented macule in genitalia.Several dozen cases have been reported in the medical literature, but no case has been reported in Bangladesh. We report a case of BRRS in a 11-year-old male child with recurrent per rectal bleeding with hamartomatouscolonic polyposis & multiple subcutaneous lipomas on the anterior abdominal wall.In addition, patient had macrocephaly, intellectual impairment.Bleeding polyps were removed by colonoscopic polypectomy. Bangladesh J Child Health 2019; VOL 43 (1) :62-65

scholarly journals Mucormycosis-unusual cause of lower GI bleeding: A rare case report

2021 ◽  
pp. 106313
Author(s):  
Gyaneswhor Shrestha ◽  
Narendra Maharajan ◽  
Sumita Pradhan ◽  
Ramesh Singh Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Gi Bleeding ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
Lower Gi Bleeding

Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Nayor ◽  
John R. Saltzman
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Ischemic Colitis ◽  
Ileocecal Valve ◽  
Radiation Proctitis ◽  
Gi Bleeding ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Diverticular Bleeding ◽  
Endoscopic Techniques ◽  
Internal Hemorrhoids ◽  
Lower Gi Bleeding

Of patients who present with major gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, 20 to 30% will ultimately be diagnosed with bleeding originating from a lower GI source. Lower GI bleeding has traditionally been defined as bleeding originating from a source distal to the ligament of Treitz; however, with the advent of capsule endoscopy and deep enteroscopy allowing for visualization of the entire small bowel, the definition has been updated to GI bleeding originating from a source distal to the ileocecal valve. Lower GI bleeding can range from occult blood loss to massive bleeding with hemodynamic instability and predominantly affects older individuals, with a mean age at presentation of 63 to 77 years. Comorbid illness, which is a risk factor for mortality from GI bleeding, is also more common with increasing age. Most deaths related to GI bleeding are not due to uncontrolled hemorrhage but exacerbation of underlying comorbidities or nosocomial complications. This review covers the following areas: evaluation of lower GI bleeding (including physical examination and diagnostic tests), initial management, and differential diagnosis. Disorders addressed in the differential diagnosis include diverticulosis, arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), ischemic colitis, anorectal disorders, radiation proctitis, postpolypectomy bleeding, and colorectal neoplasms. Figures show an algorithm for management of patients with suspected lower GI bleeding, tagged red blood cell scans, diverticular bleeding, colonic AVM, ischemic colitis, bleeding hemorrhoid, chronic radiation proctitis, and ileocolonic valve polyp. Tables list descriptive terms for rectal bleeding and suggested location of bleeding, imaging modalities and differential diagnosis for lower GI bleeding, endoscopic techniques for hemostasis, and an internal hemorrhoids grading system. This review contains 9 figures, 8 tables, and 103 references.

scholarly journals Bleeding Meckel's Diverticulum in an Infant - A Case Report

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-56
Author(s):  
MK Shrestha ◽  
RL Gurubacharya ◽  
K Devkota ◽  
N Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Meckel’S Diverticulum ◽  
Meckel's Diverticulum ◽  
Ectopic Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Gi Bleeding ◽  
Lower Gi Bleeding ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Congenital Diverticulum

Meckel’s diverticulum is a congenital diverticulum. Mostly it is asymptomatic. In children the commonest complication is lower GI bleeding. High index of suspicion is required for its diagnosis. Technetium-99m pertechnetate scan is useful to detect ectopic gastric mucosa. Surgical treatment of symptomatic Meckel’s diverticulum is diverticulectomy or ileal resection.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v34i1.9523J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2014;34(1):54-56

Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Nayor ◽  
John R. Saltzman
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Ischemic Colitis ◽  
Ileocecal Valve ◽  
Radiation Proctitis ◽  
Gi Bleeding ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Diverticular Bleeding ◽  
Endoscopic Techniques ◽  
Internal Hemorrhoids ◽  
Lower Gi Bleeding

Of patients who present with major gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, 20 to 30% will ultimately be diagnosed with bleeding originating from a lower GI source. Lower GI bleeding has traditionally been defined as bleeding originating from a source distal to the ligament of Treitz; however, with the advent of capsule endoscopy and deep enteroscopy allowing for visualization of the entire small bowel, the definition has been updated to GI bleeding originating from a source distal to the ileocecal valve. Lower GI bleeding can range from occult blood loss to massive bleeding with hemodynamic instability and predominantly affects older individuals, with a mean age at presentation of 63 to 77 years. Comorbid illness, which is a risk factor for mortality from GI bleeding, is also more common with increasing age. Most deaths related to GI bleeding are not due to uncontrolled hemorrhage but exacerbation of underlying comorbidities or nosocomial complications. This review covers the following areas: evaluation of lower GI bleeding (including physical examination and diagnostic tests), initial management, and differential diagnosis. Disorders addressed in the differential diagnosis include diverticulosis, arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), ischemic colitis, anorectal disorders, radiation proctitis, postpolypectomy bleeding, and colorectal neoplasms. Figures show an algorithm for management of patients with suspected lower GI bleeding, tagged red blood cell scans, diverticular bleeding, colonic AVM, ischemic colitis, bleeding hemorrhoid, chronic radiation proctitis, and ileocolonic valve polyp. Tables list descriptive terms for rectal bleeding and suggested location of bleeding, imaging modalities and differential diagnosis for lower GI bleeding, endoscopic techniques for hemostasis, and an internal hemorrhoids grading system. This review contains 9 figures, 8 tables, and 103 references.

Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Nayor ◽  
John R. Saltzman
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Ischemic Colitis ◽  
Ileocecal Valve ◽  
Radiation Proctitis ◽  
Gi Bleeding ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Diverticular Bleeding ◽  
Endoscopic Techniques ◽  
Internal Hemorrhoids ◽  
Lower Gi Bleeding

Of patients who present with major gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, 20 to 30% will ultimately be diagnosed with bleeding originating from a lower GI source. Lower GI bleeding has traditionally been defined as bleeding originating from a source distal to the ligament of Treitz; however, with the advent of capsule endoscopy and deep enteroscopy allowing for visualization of the entire small bowel, the definition has been updated to GI bleeding originating from a source distal to the ileocecal valve. Lower GI bleeding can range from occult blood loss to massive bleeding with hemodynamic instability and predominantly affects older individuals, with a mean age at presentation of 63 to 77 years. Comorbid illness, which is a risk factor for mortality from GI bleeding, is also more common with increasing age. Most deaths related to GI bleeding are not due to uncontrolled hemorrhage but exacerbation of underlying comorbidities or nosocomial complications. This review covers the following areas: evaluation of lower GI bleeding (including physical examination and diagnostic tests), initial management, and differential diagnosis. Disorders addressed in the differential diagnosis include diverticulosis, arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), ischemic colitis, anorectal disorders, radiation proctitis, postpolypectomy bleeding, and colorectal neoplasms. Figures show an algorithm for management of patients with suspected lower GI bleeding, tagged red blood cell scans, diverticular bleeding, colonic AVM, ischemic colitis, bleeding hemorrhoid, chronic radiation proctitis, and ileocolonic valve polyp. Tables list descriptive terms for rectal bleeding and suggested location of bleeding, imaging modalities and differential diagnosis for lower GI bleeding, endoscopic techniques for hemostasis, and an internal hemorrhoids grading system. This review contains 8 highly rendered figures, 5 tables, and 100 references.

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