AEROBIC MICROBIAL FLORA OF SMOKED SALMON1

Aerobic microbial flora, moisture, and NaCl contents of smoked salmon samples, obtained from retail outlets along the roast of the Pacific Northwest, were examined. The microbial loads ranged from 1.3 × 102 to 2.2 × 106. The moisture level were from 48 to 64%, and the water phase salts from 3.2 to 8.2. Regularly recoverable microorganisms in most samples were gram-positive cocci. They were either mostly staphylococci micrococci, depending on the sample. Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and yeasts were predominant in some samples. The gram-positive cocci were able to grow in 10 to 25% NaCl, but the majority of them did not multiply at 4 C and were readily inactivated by mild heat (D52C of 1.5 to 47.9 min).

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Microbial landscape and immune status in maxillary sinusitis of stomatogenic origin

Medicni perspektivi (Medical perspectives) ◽

10.26641/2307-0404.2021.3.242157 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 145-151

Author(s):

I.V. Kovach ◽

S.D. Varzhapetian ◽

Kh.A. Bunyatyan ◽

O.E. Reyzvikh ◽

A.A. Babenya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Maxillary Sinus ◽

Maxillary Sinusitis ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Allergic Sensitization ◽

Microbial Flora ◽

Total Serum ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Oroantral Fistula ◽

Gram Positive Cocci

Oroanthral fistula (anastomosis) is an element preventing the restoration of homeostasis in the maxillary sinus due to the constant flow of microbes from the oral cavity. It is also contributes to frequent exacerbations of maxillary sinusitis. Saprophytic gram-positive cocci and fungi of the oral cavity are dominating representatives of the microbial flora in the maxillary sinus. As the result of research, we found that in the case of maxillary sinusitis with oroantral fistula fungi made up 25.0% of microbiota, gram-positive bacteria – 41.7%, gram-negative bacteria – 33.3%. Gram-positive cocci from the Staphylococcus genus (Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis) and fungi (Candida albicans) comprised the biggest proportion of microbial flora that 33.3% and 16.7%, respectively. Slightly decreased levels of monocytes in venous blood was noted in 69.2% of patients. The average value of total serum IgE in group with oroantal fistula was 226.2 (70.4) IU/ml, the result exceeded normal limits almost in 2.26 times. Large circulating immune complexes (CICs) were normal in all patients in the group with iatrogenic maxillary sinusitis. The average lavels of small size CICs was 170.2 (4.23) ОU, which is in 1.06 times higher the upper limit of the norm (160 ОU). Elevated levels of total Ig E in serum of patients with oroanthral fistula indicates allergic sensitization. The detection of increased levels of CICs with small and medium sizes in serum may indicate a susceptibility of this category of patients to the development of immunopathological reactions.

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The detection of Clostridium botulinum type E in smoked fish products in the Pacific Northwest

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m70-037 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 207-209 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Sidney Hayes ◽

James M. Craig ◽

K. S. Pilcher

Keyword(s):

Pacific Northwest ◽

Clostridium Botulinum ◽

Fish Products ◽

Smoked Fish ◽

The Pacific ◽

Three Samples ◽

Retail Outlets ◽

Botulinum Type ◽

Clostridium Botulinum Type E ◽

Pure Cultures

A total of 240 samples of smoked fish products, including salmon, sturgeon, black cod, and others, produced by 28 small processors in the Pacific Northwest, were purchased from retail outlets and examined culturally for the presence of Clostridium botulinum. The culture filtrates from 47 of the samples (19.6%) were toxic to mice and in 11 samples (4.6%) type E botulinal toxin was identified by means of specific antitoxin. No other type of botulinal toxin was found. Pure cultures of the organism were isolated from three samples.

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