General and explicit test prompts

Contrasts between implicit and explicit knowledge in the serial reaction time (SRT) paradigm have been challenged because they have depended on a single dissociation: intact implicit knowledge in the absence of corresponding explicit knowledge. In the SRT task, subjects respond with a corresponding keypress to a cue that appears in one of four locations. The cue follows a repeating sequence of locations, and subjects can exhibit knowledge of the repeating sequence through increasingly rapid performance (an implicit test) or by being able to recognize the sequence (an explicit test). In our study, amnesic patients were given extensive SRT training. Their implicit and explicit test performance was compared to the performance of control subjects who memorized the training sequence. Compared with control subjects, amnesic patients exhibited superior performance on the implicit task and impaired performance on the explicit task. This crossover interaction suggests that implicit and explicit knowledge of the embedded sequence are separate and encapsulated and that they presumably depend on different brain systems.

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Explicit test sets for iterated morphisms in free monoids and metabelian groups

Theoretical Computer Science ◽

10.1016/j.tcs.2004.09.017 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 330 (1) ◽

pp. 171-191 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Keijo Ruohonen

Keyword(s):

Free Monoids ◽

Metabelian Groups ◽

Explicit Test ◽

Test Sets

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An Explicit Test for Capital Structure Convergence

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.1787068 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Angelos A. Antzoulatos ◽

Kostas Koufopoulos ◽

Costas Lambrinoudakis ◽

Emmanuel D. Tsiritakis

Keyword(s):

Capital Structure ◽

Explicit Test

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A Spatially Explicit Test of Foraging Behavior in a Clonal Plant

Ecology ◽

10.2307/1940922 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 76 (4) ◽

pp. 1147-1155 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

Jonathan P. Evans ◽

Michael L. Cain

Keyword(s):

Foraging Behavior ◽

Clonal Plant ◽

Spatially Explicit ◽

Explicit Test

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How ”Implicit\ Are Implicit Color Effects in Memory?

Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) ◽

10.1027//1618-3169.49.2.120 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 120-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Hubert D. Zimmer ◽

Astrid Steiner ◽

Ullrich K. H. Ecker

Keyword(s):

Episodic Memory ◽

Implicit Memory ◽

Choice Test ◽

Study Phase ◽

Implicit Test ◽

Color Information ◽

Explicit Test ◽

Line Drawings ◽

Memory Traces ◽

Specific Object

Abstract. Processing colored pictures of objects results in a preference to choose the former color for a specific object in a subsequent color choice test ( Wippich & Mecklenbräuker, 1998 ). We tested whether this implicit memory effect is independent of performances in episodic color recollection (recognition). In the study phase of Experiment 1, the color of line drawings was either named or its appropriateness was judged. We found only weak implicit memory effects for categorical color information. In Experiment 2, silhouettes were colored by subjects during the study phase. Performances in both the implicit and the explicit test were good. Selections of ”old\ colors in the implicit test, though, were almost completely confined to items for which the color was also remembered explicitly. In Experiment 3, we applied the opposition technique in order to check whether we could find any implicit effects regarding items for which no explicit color recollection was possible. This was not the case. We therefore draw the conclusion that implicit color preference effects are not independent of explicit recollection, and that they are probably based on the same episodic memory traces that are used in explicit tests.

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