Looping Processes in the Development of and Desistance from Addictive Behaviors

2022 ◽  
pp. 497-510
Author(s):  
Anja Koski-Jännes
Keyword(s):  
Addictive Behaviors

The self-schema and addictive behaviors: Studies of alcoholic patients

2001 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyril Tarquinio ◽  
Gustave Nicolas Fischer ◽  
Aurélie Gauchet ◽  
Jacques Perarnaud
Keyword(s):  
Decision Time ◽  
The Self ◽  
Addictive Behaviors ◽  
Social Judgments ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Self Schema ◽  
Description Task ◽  
Positive Traits ◽  
First Interview

This study deals with the sociocognitive organization of the self-schema in alcoholic patients. It was aimed at understanding how the self-schema takes shape within the framework of social judgments known to be determinants of personality. Alcoholic subjects were interviewed twice, once during their first consultation for treatment and then again four months later after completion of treatment. Our approach was derived directly from the methodology used by Markus (1977) and Clemmey & Nicassio (1997) in their studies on the self-schema. The subjects had to perform three tasks that required manipulating personality traits with positive and negative connotations (a self-description task in which decision time was measured, an autobiographical task, and a recall task). The results of the first interview showed that 1. in their self-descriptions, alcoholics took more time than control subjects both to accept positive traits and to reject negative ones; 2. unlike control subjects, alcoholics considered more negative traits to be self-descriptive than positive traits, and 3. unlike controls, alcoholics recalled more negative traits than positive ones. By the second interview, the results for the alcoholic subjects on the autobiographical and recall tasks had changed: 1. they now described themselves more positively and less negatively than on the first meeting; 2. they recalled a marginally greater number of positive traits and a significantly smaller number of negative traits, and 3. the differences between the alcoholics and controls indicated an improvement in the alcoholics' self-perceptions.

Variation in Treatments for Addictive Behaviors

1988 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 719-720
Author(s):  
Rudy E. Vuchinich
Keyword(s):  
Addictive Behaviors

scholarly journals “This Is the Result of Something Else”: Experiences of Men That Abused Drugs and Had Experienced Childhood Trauma

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 155798832110093
Author(s):  
Margret Torshamar Georgsdottir ◽  
Sigrun Sigurdardottir ◽  
Hrafnhildur Gunnthorsdottir
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Coping Mechanism ◽  
Addictive Behaviors ◽  
Abused Drugs

Drug abuse is a serious public health issue that may have irreversible consequences. Research has revealed that childhood psychological trauma can promote addictive behaviors in adulthood and that drugs are often used as a coping mechanism. Men are less likely to report trauma and seek help than women. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the experience of men in Iceland who have abused drugs and experienced childhood psychological trauma, to increase knowledge and deepen the understanding of trauma and addiction. Participants were seven men who had both experienced childhood trauma and had a history of drug abuse. Two interviews were conducted with each participant. The main findings suggest that participants abused drugs as a coping mechanism due to the trauma experienced in childhood. For some participants, seeking companionship was a key component of their drug use. Participants were mostly dissatisfied with treatment resources in Iceland; waiting lists were long and too much focus was on religion. Five main themes were identified: emotional impact, self-medication for pain, gender expectations, impermanence of thoughts, and loss of a sense of wholeness. Increased societal and professional awareness of the linkage between trauma and drug abuse is needed, as are additional resources specific to men who have experienced childhood trauma and drug abuse. It is important to integrate trauma focused services into health-care settings to educate health-care professionals on trauma and the consequences thereof, in addition to utilizing screening tools such as the Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire for those seeking assistance.

Relationship 2.0: A systematic review of associations between the use of social network sites and attachment style

2020 ◽  
pp. 026540752098267
Author(s):  
Lynne Marie Stöven ◽  
Philipp Yorck Herzberg
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Private Information ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Social Network Sites ◽  
Anxiety Reduction ◽  
Personal Relationships ◽  
Addictive Behaviors ◽  
Comprehensive Overview

Today, Social Network Sites (SNSs) offer a wide variety of functions for initiating and maintaining personal relationships (i.e. sharing private information, messaging, commenting, liking or viewing others profiles). According to the uses and gratifications approach, individuals chose how they use media in order to satisfy given needs. Regarding personal relationships, attachment style is associated with distinct needs and behaviors. Thus, SNS use should differ with distinct attachment styles. This review aims to answer the question, how attachment style is related to SNS usage pattern and provide a comprehensive overview, by identifying and integrating associations with different facets of SNS use. Results were based on a systematic review of 17 studies. Measures of SNS use could be attributed to the facets of three categories: (1) Quantitative use (i.e. time spent on SNSs, number of friends/followers), (2) qualitative use (social use, parasocial use, self-presentation, monitoring) and (3) SNS motive (anxiety reduction, avoiding closeness). Especially insecure attached individuals strive to satisfy attachment needs through SNS use. While anxious individuals aim to reduce anxiety i.e. by seeking feedback via online social interaction, avoidant users can feel connected browsing others’ profiles without facing the threat of closeness. Insecure attachment was associated with negative outcomes related to SNS use, such as addictive behaviors. Limitations and implications of the findings are discussed.

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