Preliminary Planning

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Steven Porter
Keyword(s):  
2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid l. A. El-Ashmawy

OpenStreetMap, a web mapping platform, is the most popular web map source for use in locationbased services with specific emphasis on pedestrian navigation, tourist guide applications, and other location-based search applications. This paper tests the positional accuracy of OpenStreetMap for the mapping applications using the case study in the campus of UMM El-Qura University, Makah, Saudi Arabia. The proposed testing method consists of statistical comparative approach using OpenStreetMap data and accurate land surveying reference data. The results show that OpenStreetMap data has positional accuracy of 1.57 m which is suitable for generating planimetric maps of scale 1:5000 or smaller. The obtained results open the door for using the OpenStreetMap maps for applications such as general preliminary planning where larger areas are covered but only moderate accuracy is needed. Applications include mapping the general layout of potential construction sites, proposed transportation systems, and existing facilities. The proposed methodology in this paper is of great interest to small engineering firms for the generation of local area maps from OpenStreetMap data.


1963 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
pp. 38-42

After more than two years of preliminary planning, the First International Congress of Africanists convened at the University of Ghana, Legon, on December 11, 1962. More than 600 scholars and observers attended the sessions, and both the size of the Congress and its organizational problems make an adequate report difficult. This brief summary by the editor of the Bulletin has been compiled with the assistance of other ASA members present in Accra; it attempts to convey a sense of the conference atmosphere as well as record its formal sessions. The proceedings of the Conference will be published by UNESCO. The conference opened with an address by President Nkrumah in which he stressed the importance of African studies in revitalizing Africa's cultural heritage, and in developing a sense of nationality and Africanness. He considered in detail the development of African studies as a serious academic study, the coming of age of African intellectuals, and the necessity of utilizing a subject such as sociology in planning for an African future, contrasting this with anthropology which he felt had little to offer modern Africa. His speech helped to establish a tone for the conference; in addition to academic matters strictly defined the conference participants found themselves concerned with such questions as the role of African and non-African Africanists, differing viewpoints of English and French speakers, and geographic and disciplinary boundary lines. Perhaps naturally at a first international conference, there were many preliminary problems to sort out before serious scholarly discussion could take place.


Author(s):  
Christopher R. Cherry ◽  
Eric Tang ◽  
Elizabeth Deakin ◽  
Alexander Skabardonis

In many urban areas, high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes have been provided to permit carpools and express buses to bypass congestion and offer a significant travel time advantage to commuters willing to share a ride or take transit. In many locations, however, HOV lanes are incomplete because of difficulties in securing right-of-way or funding. In other locations, because existing HOV lanes are underutilized, express buses are undersubscribed, or both, questions about their value arise. In this research it is shown how a PARAMICS microscopic traffic simulation model can be used to analyze proposed HOV lanes and their effects on express bus operation along an urban freeway corridor. A PARAMICS application is developed for Interstate 580 in the San Francisco Bay Area and used to test alternative ways of providing HOV lanes. The performance of the corridor is evaluated under plausible scenarios of traffic growth. Traffic simulation models are usually used for detailed operations management. The case study shows that traffic simulation can be an effective preliminary planning and scenario testing tool for evaluating the likely performance of an infrastructure or operations improvement on express bus service.


2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 03029
Author(s):  
Horia Petran ◽  
Szabolcs Varga ◽  
Noémi Fogas

The paper presents the preliminary planning of a demonstration pilot for exemplary renovation of an existing building (“Solar House 1 – Campina”) towards nZEB level using Passive House principles and technologies. The “Solar House” was one of the lighthouses of solar energy developments in the ‘80s in Romania, being built in 1977-1978 in Campina (Centre-South Romania) and represented an experimental building using innovative solar technologies for DHW preparation, active and passive space heating. The decision of transforming the existing building in a demonstration pilot nZEB with green materials was taken and the feasibility study is currently underway. The pilot aims to analyse and test, the cost effectiveness of Passive House (PH) technologies integration in a deep renovation process with the view to achieve the fixed nZEB levels, as an exemplary case study demonstrating the benefits and feasibility of applying PH principles and energy performance evaluation in real context. Both approaches of applying the renovation standard EnerPHit and targeting Passive House criteria are discussed together with the nZEB targets, while the analysis of technical (energy performance) and economic (total costs) feasibility is presented. The proposed building will act as a training and consultancy centre in Campina - created as a model for achieving greater energy efficiency and environmental responsibility in Romania.


Author(s):  
Shojiro Oka ◽  
Kouichi Kajiwara ◽  
Tomohiro Itoh

After the 1995 Kobe earthquake in Japan, National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention started to construct a large-scale 3-D shaking table, called “E-Defense”. The facility is to be completed in 2005, and failure experiments of many kinds of structures are to be performed. As for a feasibility study of those experiments, a plan of a full-scale tank failure test was investigated. A steel cylindrical tank of 990m3 capacity was selected as a typical liquid storage tank. The height is about 15m and the diameter is about 10m. The total mass, with full of water, is about 1 MN (1,000 tonf). The tank is constructed on a steel frame structure for specimen handling and test facility protection, and set on the shaking table. To prevent facility failure due to a mass of water leakage, waterproof walls are necessary at the lower part of the frame. Ground motion recorded at the Kobe earthquake is applied to the shaking table, and elephant foot bulge buckling is expected to occur at the bottom portion of the tank. Through this preliminary planning, technical feasibility of tank failure tests was confirmed, and problems to be solved for actual planning were clarified.


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