The Commodious Ark: Nature's Voice in Early Modern Poetry

Author(s):  
Peter Auger

Examining poetical exchanges between James VI of Scotland and the Huguenot courtier Guillaume de Saluste Du Bartas in the 1580s, Chapter 7 demonstrates how poetry contributed to diplomatic initiatives, and how diplomatic concerns fostered expressiveness in the composition and presentation of poems. Early modern poetry, especially poetry in translation, could contribute to building better international cultural relations. Ambassadors and elite political figures were sometimes involved in such poems as writers, translators, readers, dedicatees, or recipients. When they were, these poems could contain subtle gestures consistent with the cultural diplomatic aims to express shared identity and strengthen political ties. The poetic exchanges between James and Du Bartas in the 1580s contained many signals of the common literary and political culture in Scotland and Protestant France, signals that are found in the subject matter, prosody, diction, structure, and other poetic features of the verses that they exchanged. This chapter examines the poetic techniques that James and Du Bartas used for expressing cultural convergence between Scotland and France when translating and composing original verse for each other, and then shows how the print publication of their poems enabled a broader international community to participate in this cultural moment.


2020 ◽  
pp. 21-56
Author(s):  
Erin A. McCarthy

This chapter traces poetry’s reach in early modern England by introducing the imagined reading public and the documented audience for printed poetry books. It surveys poets’ and publishers’ speculations about the reading public for early modern poetry and their efforts to accommodate readers as described in paratexts, treatises on vernacular poetics, and metapoetic works. Quantitative studies of the print publication of poetry understate its cultural importance; while some genres moved to print or stayed in manuscript, poetry continued to be circulated in both manuscript and print. Printed poetry books reached audiences who did not leave traces in the books they read, as well as readers whom we can identify using evidence of book ownership in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Authors, printers, and publishers involved in the publication of poetry developed a set of conventions to appeal to new readers, even as the cultural status of poetry remained in flux.


Investigations of male potency and the ‘ability to perform’ have long been mainstays of social, political and artistic discourse and have provoked spirited and partisan declarations about what it is to be a man. This interdisciplinary collection considers the tensions that have developed between the historical privilege often ascribed to the male and the vulnerability to which his body is prone. Using a variety of historical and literary approaches, the essays in this work consider the critical ways in which medicine’s interactions with literature reveal vital clues about the ways sex, gender and identity are constructed through treatments of a range of pathologies, including deformity, venereal disease, injury, nervousness and sexual difference. The relationships between male medicine and ideals of potency and masculinity are searchingly explored through a range of sources, including African American slave fictions, southern gothic, early modern poetry, Victorian literature and the modern novel.


2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-365
Author(s):  
James Helgeson

This study considers the effects of deictics, which are among the expressions called, in recent linguistics, and particularly cognitive pragmatics, ‘procedural’ expressions, in poetic expression in the first person. It examines a variety of examples drawn primarily from the early modern period (Scève, Ronsard, Du Bellay, Muret's and Belleau's commentaries on Ronsard), but with several modern points of comparison (Keats, Mallarmé). The article studies, in particular, the question of extra-textual reference in poetry and poetic commentary, arguing against an anachronistic understanding (based in nineteenth- and twentieth-century ideas about authorship) of the forms of early modern poetic reference and of the varieties of first-person action early modern poetry can instantiate.


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