The disabled veteran of World War I in the mirror of contemporary art: the reception of Otto Dix’s painting The Cripples (1920) in Yael Bartana’s film Degenerate Art Lives (2010)

2016 ◽  
pp. 137-149
2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 798-818
Author(s):  
Aparna Nair

Summary The sepoy had always been a central figure in colonial governance and policing and had played important roles in both world wars. Focusing on World War I, this article explores the sepoys’ corporeal experience of the war through their own letters. The article explores how the war had a catalytic impact on colonial perceptions of and responses to disability in the colony and how medicine, prosthetics and rehabilitation came to be seen as the ‘promise’ made by the Crown to Indian soldiers for their service. The article also examines the introduction of cultures and institutions of rehabilitation into the colony in the form of the Queen Mary Technical Institute and explores the intersections of race, empire and disability at these sites of rehabilitation.


2020 ◽  
pp. 173-193
Author(s):  
Krystyna Pieniążek-Marković

In the centre of the article’s interest, there are the expressionist ideas present in the work by Croatian writer from the inter-war period (1893–1941). The mini-novel/novella in question entitled Tonkina jedina ljubav (1931) is considered the work belonging to the epoch of the new/social realism which dominated in the 1930s, however, the author, as is shown on the basis of the article’s research, did not managed to free himself from influence of expressionism that shaped the most Croatian consciousness as for the avant-garde historical time (1910–1930). Focusing attention on a disabled woman along with her small-town environment of Zagreb before the World War I, the author draws her exaggerated, cartoonish portrait which has little to do with the realistic and mimetic reflection of reality. The work is a kind of aesthetic and ethical provocation, and serves as unmasking the idyllic image of Zagreb which turns out to be a city inhabited by intolerant and narrow-minded society convinced, however, of its civilisation superiority. The titular character is a victim of this society, and at the same time she remains its part. The aesthetic and ethical provocation concerns the disabled woman together with „inefficient” society living in the terrifying city.


2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 792-816
Author(s):  
Janet Golden ◽  
John T. Duffy

Abstract Focusing on immigration in the 1920s, we trace the history of efforts made on behalf of intellectually disabled children who entered the United States on bond during World War I and were subsequently given orders of deportation. Thanks to the activism of community members and ethnic organizations who brought federal lawsuits on their behalf and reached out to Congress and to Presidents Harding and Coolidge, the Immigration Act of 1924 permitted the secretary of labor to allow these young people to remain in the United States. We suggest the need to reconsider the chronology of activism on behalf of the disabled and argue that community skepticism about deportation deserves greater exploration. Finally, we note the challenges to medical authority posed by supporters of the intellectually disabled. Our analysis focuses on the example of Paula Patton, an intellectually disabled girl, and on Clara Kinley, the community activist who supported Paula’s effort to avoid deportation.


Author(s):  
Jessica Meyer

This chapter draws upon the personal narratives of noncommissioned rankers serving with the British Royal Army Medical Corps during World War I to explore how these men responded to encounters with bodily strength and weakness in their roles as male caregivers. In particular, it examines how they constructed the disablement of combatant troops by warfare in light of their own role as noncombatant service men. It locates this analysis in the context of a cultural historiography that has examined the gendering of the disabled male body in war primarily in relation to female caregivers. By examining the impact of disability on relationships between men in wartime, this chapter explores the role of the male gaze in constructing war disability and the gendering of caregiving.


2018 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 45-59
Author(s):  
Alicja Puszka

The Sodality of Our Lady is a Catholic society for lay persons, initiated by Jan Leunis SJ in Rome in the 2nd half of the 16th century. Originally, the Sodality comprised students and later all classes and professional groups. The aim of this elite society was the formation of lay Catholics aware of their vocation in the Church, and propagation of the rite and the cult of Virgin Mary. The supreme goal of the Sodality was obeying the rule “Per Mariam ad Jesum”. The rules of the Sodality concerned visiting prisoners, working in hospitals, helping the poor and the ill, teaching faith, and Christian upbringing of youth. Sodalities deteriorated after the secularization of the Jesuit order, which was their basis in 1773. Towards the end of the 19th century they were being revived on the Polish lands. Sodalities of Our Lady combined religious devotion with the love of the homeland and efforts for the country’s benefit. During World War I the society engaged in charity helping in hospitals, welfare institutions, taking care of the disabled and orphans. Sodalities contributed particularly to the upbringing of the new patriotic generation of Poles. Regaining independence helped sodalities to develop their activities and contributed significantly to the rebirth of religious life of the society in the Second Polish Republic.


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