scholarly journals Soil Erosion Rejuvenates Vegetation Community Composition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre Eger ◽  
Olivia Burge ◽  
Peter Almond
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Vegetation Community

scholarly journals Vegetation fires in temperate upland heaths: environmental impacts, recovery, and management implications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Ashleigh R Harper
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Fire Severity ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Vegetation Community

The impacts of wildfires are diverse and highly variable dependent on location, habitat type, site conditions and fire severity. Wildfire impact research is however, limited across large areas of the UK presenting an issue for the creation of effective site-specific management planning in a number of areas and habitat types. To address this issue in the Brecon Beacons National Park (south Wales), research was conducted assessing post-fire: i) vegetation community composition; ii) soil physical and chemical properties; iii) ash chemical composition and toxicity. The primary conclusions from this research suggests vegetation community composition and soil physicochemical properties are able to recover relatively rapidly to long unburnt conditions (>11-years and >3-years, respectively) following wildfire events in dry heaths with shallow organic soils. The fast rates of post-fire vegetation recovery across the assessed sites are likely due to the species-poor, dwarf-shrub dominated, pre-fire conditions reducing the time required for the vegetation community to return to this low species diversity. Soil physicochemical properties showed limited impact from the fires, likely due to the high moisture retention of the surface organic soil layer having resulted in limited soil heating and depth penetration. Wider environmental concerns are raised by the ash composition, which showed remarkably high concentrations of potentially toxic substances such as, metallic elements (e.g. Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn and As) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), compared to ash from other environments and vegetation types. These conclusions pose important questions about the future of temperate heaths, the priorities of future upland management and highlight numerous areas for further research.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) Plantation Forest on Controlling Erosion and Runoff

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Paimin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Plantation Forest ◽  
Vegetation Community ◽  
Erosion Level ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
Land Control

Ecosystem of forest has been considered the most effective measures in controlling soil erosion and runoff. However, man-made forest or plantation forest is frequently disturbed that causing susceptible to land degradation, especially by erosion. The role of forest to protect soil from erosion forces is not only played by individual forest stand itself but also its community. Composition of vegetation community always change dynamically depending on the forest management system applied and the age of plant. To determine the effectiveness of mahogany forest plantation during its growth on controlling soil erosion and runoff, a study was conducted at mahogany plantation forest area of Gundih district. Three different ages of mahogany (1, 4, and 8 year old) were selected as observation plots. Soil erosion and runoff measurements were carried out on a small plot procedure of 4m x 22.1 m size. Whereas, observations on main tree of mahogany characteristics and its undergrowth vegetation’s were also accomplished within this area. The results indicated that the number and kind (species) of vegetation community of mahogany changed dynamically and tended to decrease as the main forest stand became older. The older mahogany produced less both soil erosion and surface runoff. Soil erosion level on vegetation community of mahogany plantation, during two months observations, decreases as much as 39.3%, 9.8%, and 5.2% respectively for1, 4, and 8 year old of mahogany comparing to bare land (control plot) of 112.6 kg/plot (12.7 ton/ha). Additionally, surface runoff lowered at the mahogany age of 4 and 8 year as high as 33 %and 52% respectively comparing to control one, but surface runoff at the mahogany of 1 year old had no different from the control one. The main role of this condition was played by thick litter at 8 year old of mahogany, and by creeping grass, and other shrub at 4 year old of mahogany.

Vegetation community composition along disturbance gradients of four typical open-pit mines in Yunnan Province of southwest China

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-yun Hou ◽  
Shi-liang Liu ◽  
Fang-yan Cheng ◽  
Yue-qiu Zhang ◽  
Shi-kui Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Vegetation Community ◽  
Open Pit Mines

scholarly journals Soil total phosphorus and nitrogen explain vegetation community composition in a northern forest ecosystem near a phosphate massif

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1535-1556
Author(s):  
Laura Matkala ◽  
Maija Salemaa ◽  
Jaana Bäck
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Vegetation Community ◽  
Understorey Vegetation ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Phosphate Ore ◽  
Humus Layer

Abstract. The relationship of the community composition of forest vegetation and soil nutrients were studied near the Sokli phosphate ore deposit in northern Finland. Simultaneously, the effects of the dominant species and the age of trees, rock parent material and soil layer on these nutrients were examined. For this purpose, 16 study plots were established at different distances from the phosphate ore along four transects. Phosphate mining may take place in Sokli in the future, and the vegetation surveys and soil sampling conducted at the plots can be used as a baseline status for following the possible changes that the mining may cause in the surrounding ecosystem. The total phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) contents of the soil humus layer were positively related with species number and abundance of the understorey vegetation, and the correlation was slightly higher with P than N. This is interesting, as N usually has the most important growth-limiting role in boreal ecosystems. The spatial variation in the content of soil elements was high both between and within plots, emphasizing the heterogeneity of the soil. Dominant tree species and the soil layer were the most important environmental variables affecting soil nutrient content. High contents of P in the humus layer (maximum 2.60 g kg−1) were measured from the birch-dominated plots. As the P contents of birch leaves and leaf litter were also rather high (2.58 and 1.28 g kg−1, respectively), this may imply that the leaf litter of birch forms an important source of P for the soil. The possible mining effects, together with climate change, can have an influence on the release of nutrients to plants, which may lead to alterations in the vegetation community composition in the study region.

scholarly journals Understory shading exacerbated grassland soil erosion by changing community composition

CATENA ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 105771
Author(s):  
Yi-Fan Liu ◽  
Ze Huang ◽  
Ling-Chao Meng ◽  
Shu-Yuan Li ◽  
Yu-Bin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Grassland Soil
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