scholarly journals CHINA AND ITS CONTRIBUTION IN ADDRESSING PEACE AND SECURITY THREATS IN HORN OF AFRICA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-114
Author(s):  
Assefa Leake Gebru
Keyword(s):  
Security Threats ◽  
Horn Of Africa ◽  
Peace And Security

scholarly journals The South African Development Community (SADC) and Covid-19: revisiting security community in SADC

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-81
Author(s):  
Juliet Eileen Joseph
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Security Threat ◽  
The South ◽  
African Development ◽  
Peace And Security

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic remains a global security challenge for humanity. The COVID-19 pandemic, a non traditional security threat has exposed how regions respond to non traditional and emerging security threats. Similarly, the South African Development Community (SADC) region remains confronted with security ramifications due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The peace and security of the region has been disturbed due to an upsurge of conflicts in countries, such as South Africa (South Africa’s unrests, protests and the Phoenix Massacre), Lesotho (Eswatini protests) and Mozambique’s (Carbo Delgado insurgency), all amidst the coronavirus global pandemic. Further to this, SADCs human security challenges that have transpired and, in some cases, have been further exacerbated by the Covid-19 pandemic, include economic decline, job losses, food insecurity and the loss of life to mention a few. Prior to the Covid-19 pandemic, SADC Member Stateshave had to exercise greater regional pandemic management with diseases, such as Malaria, Human Acquired Immune (HIV/AIDs) and Tuberculosis (TB). SADCs efforts in combatting these human security threats have been progressive and notable. The study will analyse and build on the challenges, identified in Landsberg’s (2012) study The Southern African Development Community decision-making architecture, where he suggests that at the heart of SADCs progress is the need for greater implementation of their set goals and aspirations. The study will analyse recent efforts, undertaken by the SADC region, in order to determine the successes and challenges, faced by the sub-regional bloc. It is analysing peace and security of SADC under the Covid-19 pandemic through an upsurge of conflicts in the region and the early securitisation and cooperation of the Covid-19 pandemic. The article suggests, SADC strengthened regional cooperation efforts, such as early warning systems and regional execution methods, have fostered advanced regional security outcomesin the region.

The AU Task Forces: an African response to transnational armed groups

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Brubacher ◽  
Erin Kimball Damman ◽  
Christopher Day
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Security Architecture ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
African Union ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Armed Groups ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
Task Forces ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Peace And Security

ABSTRACTThis article examines the Task Forces created by the African Union (AU) to address the security threats posed by Boko Haram and the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA). It argues that these Task Forces are well suited to address transnational armed groups whose ambiguous political goals and extreme violence make traditional conflict resolution ineffective. Although the Task Forces fall within the AU's collective security mandate and broadly within the African Peace and Security Architecture (APSA), their distinct characteristics make it more capable of addressing these new cross-border threats. Their reliance on nationally funded and directed militaries also allow the Task Forces to fulfil both the goals of the AU and the interests of the regimes that take leadership roles within these structures.

scholarly journals Regional Integration in the Horn of Africa: Some Findings

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Binyam Yitay ◽  
Tsoaledi Thobejane
Keyword(s):  
Regional Integration ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Horn Of Africa ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Regional Institutions ◽  
Informal Trade ◽  
The Road ◽  
Trade Area

In the Horn of Africa there is a regional bloc that comprises eight countries namely Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan and Uganda. The appellation of the organisation is called IGAD (Intergovernmental Authority on Development). It was established in 1986, yet it could not bring a desired result. Even the least form of integration i.e. Free Trade Area (FTA) could not achieve. So that this paper will probe the challenges associated with the regional integration agenda of IGAD. This paper is an excerpt from a study conducted by the author regarding IGAD. Thus the paper will present the findings of the said study. The study used qualitative approach for data collection. Interview with IGAD officers has been conducted to know the cause for the failure of IGAD’s integration process. IGAD lacks both financial and human capacity to fulfil its objectives, absence of regional institutions (such as Bank of IGAD) worsen the situation, emerging and subsequent security threats such as terrorism, pastoral conflict, tense relationship among member states, undermining of the informal trade remains the road block of regional integration.

scholarly journals The militarization of anti-poaching: undermining long term goals?

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROSALEEN DUFFY ◽  
FREYA A. V. ST JOHN ◽  
BRAM BÜSCHER ◽  
DAN BROCKINGTON
Keyword(s):  
Central Africa ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Horn Of Africa ◽  
Regional Conflicts ◽  
Consumer Markets ◽  
Key Species ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
Wildlife Trafficking ◽  
Sahel Region

SummaryConservation is at a critical juncture because of the increase in poaching which threatens key species. Poaching is a major public concern, as indicated by the rises in rhino and elephant poaching, the United for Wildlife Initiative and the London Declaration, signed by 46 countries in February 2014. This is accompanied by an increasing calls for a more forceful response, especially to tackle the involvement of organized crime in wildlife trafficking. However, there is a risk that this will be counter-productive. Further, such calls are based on a series of assumptions which are worthy of greater scrutiny. First, calls for militarization are based on the idea that poverty drives poaching. Yet, poaching and trafficking are changing because of the shifting dynamics of poverty in supply countries, coupled with changing patterns of wealth in consumer markets. Second, the ways increases in poaching are being linked to global security threats, notably from Al Shabaab are poorly evidenced and yet circulate in powerful policy circles. There is a risk that militarization will place more heavily armed rangers in the centre of some of the most complex regional conflicts in the world (such as the Horn of Africa and Central Africa/Sahel region).

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