scholarly journals The Spatio-temporal Disparities in Healthy Food Accessibility: A Case Study of Shanghai, China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengqi Zhong ◽  
◽  
Yifan Yu ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Spatial Association ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Web Gis ◽  
Food Store ◽  
Improvement Strategy ◽  
Realistic Condition ◽  
Food Accessibility ◽  
Spatio Temporal

The supply of healthy food is distributed unequally in city. The accessibility of healthy foods is affected by both locations and traffic conditions. This paper examines spatio-temporal disparities in healthy food accessibility in Shanghai communities. Firstly, we choose all communities in Shanghai and use python as a crawling tool to collect healthy food store POI (e.g. agricultural markets, vegetable markets, fruit markets, aquatic seafood markets, supermarkets and comprehensive markets) from Gaode Map and get 23,436 points to calculate the amount and density of healthy food store in various communities. Secondly, after comparing Baidu Map and Gaode Map, leading platforms of Web GIS services in China, we choose Baidu Map to collect data to study the spatio-temporal difference in accessibility by using network analysis and developing a crawling tool to collect different travel time (e.g. walking and public transportation) for each community to the closest healthy food store at each time of day (0:00-24:00). Thirdly, we set up a variable to see at what time are people in the communities able to reach their nearest healthy food store in 15 minutes and the ratio of the above-mentioned time to the whole day is calculated so that we can evaluate the temporal disparities of healthy food accessibility. Additionally, we use global and local spatial autocorrelation to analyze the spatial patterns of the temporal disparities of healthy food accessibility, based on the Moran’s index and the local indicator spatial association (LISA) index. Finally, on the basis of the research above, the food desert map is drawn. The results of this analysis identify the communities in Shanghai with the greatest need for improved access to healthy food stores and the variance of accessibility affected by the traffic in different times will be taken into account. Ultimately, this study explores a more complete and realistic condition of healthy food accessibility in Shanghai and the corresponding improvement strategy is proposed.

scholarly journals Availability and access to food in supermarkets before and during the Covid-19 pandemic in a mid-size city

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Moreira de Lima PEREIRA ◽  
Pollyana Ferreira PEREIRA ◽  
Mariana Lamha CASTELLÕES ◽  
Ramon Simonis PEQUENO ◽  
Mário Círio NOGUEIRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Food Store ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Corn Snacks

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the availability and price of fresh and ultra-processed foods in supermarkets before and during the Covid-19 pandemic in a mid-size city in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. Methods Ecological and longitudinal study. A proportionate stratified random sampling method was applied to supermarkets in the municipality. To assess the availability, variety, and price of fresh and ultra-processed foods, we applied the Estudo do Ambiente Obesogênico em São Paulo (ESAO, Obesogenic Environment Study in São Paulo, Brazil) Food Store Observation Tool questionnaire and calculated the Healthy Food Store Index. The audits took place from December 2019 to January 2020, and we returned to the establishments in September 2020. Descriptive analyzes, McNemar tests, paired Student's T or Wilcoxon tests were performed using the SPSS software, version 20.0, with a 5% significance level. Results Ten supermarkets were evaluated. The prices of oranges (p=0.012), bananas (p=0.043), apples (p=0.004), and onions (p=0.004) were significantly increased during the time frame. Sugar-free soft drinks (p=0.044), powdered drinks (p=0.032), and corn snacks (p=0.015) showed a greater variety of brands and flavors during the pandemic. The Healthy Food Store Index score was 9.50±0.85 before the pandemic and 9.00±1.15 during it. Conclusion The prices of some fruits and vegetables increased, and supermarkets sold a greater variety of ultra-processed foods. Such findings highlight the importance of assessing the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic on the food environment.

scholarly journals Spatio-Temporal Crime Analysis Using KDE and ARIMA Models in the Indian Context

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Prathap Rudra Boppuru ◽  
Ramesha K.
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Predictive Analytics ◽  
Time Series Prediction ◽  
Arima Model ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Crime Patterns ◽  
Model Time Series ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
One Year

In developing countries like India, crime plays a detrimental role in economic growth and prosperity. With the increase in delinquencies, law enforcement needs to deploy limited resources optimally to protect citizens. Data mining and predictive analytics provide the best options for the same. This paper examines the news feed data collected from various sources regarding crime in India and Bangalore city. The crimes are then classified on the geographic density and the crime patterns such as time of day to identify and visualize the distribution of national and regional crime such as theft, murder, alcoholism, assault, etc. In total, 68 types of crime-related dictionary keywords are classified into six classes based on the news feed data collected for one year. Kernel density estimation method is used to identify the hotspots of crime. With the help of the ARIMA model, time series prediction is performed on the data. The diversity of crime patterns is visualized in a customizable way with the help of a data mining platform.

scholarly journals Role of Wild Boar in the Spread of Classical Swine Fever in Japan

Pathogens ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ito ◽  
Jurado ◽  
Bosch ◽  
Ito ◽  
Sánchez-Vizcaíno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Spatial Association ◽  
Classical Swine Fever ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Domestic Pig ◽  
Potential Contact ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Gifu Prefecture

Since September 2018, nearly 900 notifications of classical swine fever (CSF) have been reported in Gifu Prefecture (Japan) affecting domestic pig and wild boar by the end of August 2019. To determine the epidemiological characteristics of its spread, a spatio-temporal analysis was performed using actual field data on the current epidemic. The spatial study, based on standard deviational ellipses of official CSF notifications, showed that the disease likely spread to the northeast part of the prefecture. A maximum significant spatial association estimated between CSF notifications was 23 km by the multi-distance spatial cluster analysis. A space-time permutation analysis identified two significant clusters with an approximate radius of 12 and 20 km and 124 and 98 days of duration, respectively. When the area of the identified clusters was overlaid on a map of habitat quality, approximately 82% and 75% of CSF notifications, respectively, were found in areas with potential contact between pigs and wild boar. The obtained results provide information on the current CSF epidemic, which is mainly driven by wild boar cases with sporadic outbreaks on domestic pig farms. These findings will help implement control measures in Gifu Prefecture.

scholarly journals Preferred Healthy Food Nudges, Food Store Environments, and Customer Dietary Practices in 2 Low-Income Southern Communities

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 735-742.e1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie B. Jilcott Pitts ◽  
Qiang Wu ◽  
Patricia A. Sharpe ◽  
Ann P. Rafferty ◽  
Brian Elbel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Food Store ◽  
Dietary Practices

A Rural Small Food Store Pilot Intervention Creates Trends Toward Improved Healthy Food Availability

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Anderson Steeves ◽  
Erin Penniston ◽  
Megan Rowan ◽  
Jeremy Steeves ◽  
Joel Gittelsohn
Keyword(s):  
Food Availability ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Food Store ◽  
Healthy Food Availability ◽  
Pilot Intervention
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