scholarly journals The role of L1 English speakers’ familiarity with Brazilian-accented English (L2) in the intelligibility of Brazilian learners of English (L2): a discussion on intelligibility from a Complex Dynamic Systems perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 339-362
Author(s):  
Déborah Salves ◽  
Paolla Wanglon ◽  
Ubiratã Kickhöfel Alves
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
Systems Perspective ◽  
Complex Dynamic Systems ◽  
Accented English ◽  
L1 English

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of familiarity with Brazilian-accented English (L2) in the intelligibility of speech samples when judged by native English listeners. Speech samples were collected from five native Brazilian Portuguese individuals from Southern Brazil, with a pre-intermediate level of proficiency in English. Following a Complex Dynamic Systems account (De Bot et al., 2007), this is a longitudinal study in which a group of four British listeners participated in weekly intelligibility transcription tasks, applied over the course of five weeks. This group was comprised of individuals who had recently arrived in Brazil. Results suggest that familiarity with a speaker’s L1 and accented-L2 has an effect on the intelligibility of what is heard. From the perspective of Complex Dynamic Systems, we argue that there is an alteration of a listener’s perception of his/her own language system due to exposure to it as an L2.

A Complex Dynamic Systems Perspective on Personal Background Variables in L1 Attrition

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
Conny Opitz
Keyword(s):  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
First Language ◽  
Dynamic Systems Theory ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
Systems Perspective ◽  
Complex Dynamic Systems ◽  
L1 Attrition ◽  
L1 And L2 ◽  
Analytical Approaches

This chapter discusses the methodological challenges associated with studying personal background variables in first language (L1) attrition from the perspective of Complex Dynamic Systems Theory (CDST). It starts with a review of extant research which, despite concerted efforts to design rigorous, comparable studies, to date has not turned up strong, unambiguous predictors for L1 attrition. I argue that this failure lies in the nature of language as a complex dynamic system, and consequently in the properties of variables, their interaction, and varying contribution to the process and outcome of L1 attrition, and indeed to L1 and L2 (second language) acquisition in the larger context of multilingual development. CDST provides a challenge not just for common empirical and analytical approaches to attrition, but for the very notion of ‘predictor’. The chapter concludes by discussing some ways in which the current stalemate may be overcome.

Evaluation of Aircraft Pilot Team Performance

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Holt ◽  
Edward Meiman ◽  
Thomas L. Seamster
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Team Performance ◽  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Accurate Assessment ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
Technical Performance ◽  
Complex Dynamic Systems

Accurate assessment of team performance in complex, dynamic systems is difficult, particularly teamwork such as Crew Resource Management (CRM) in aircraft. Seventy pilots from two fleets were evaluated as two-person crews by a Maneuver Validation (MV), which focused on proficiency on separate maneuvers, and by a Line Operational Evaluation (LOE), which focused on the crew flying a simulated line flight. Instructor/Evaluator (I/E) pilots helped design LOE content and a structured evaluation worksheet. I/E reliability training resulted in high evaluator agreement (average rwg = .80) and acceptable inter-rater correlations (average r = .54). Path analysis supported the assessment flow from Observable Behaviors to Technical and CRM performance to Captain (PIC), First Officer (SIC), and Crew evaluations for each event set. Fleet evaluations were different on the LOE assessment, but equivalent on the MV assessment. Detailed analysis of assessments also indicated a different role of the SIC across fleets. One fleet assessed SIC more on CRM performance and weighted SIC performance more in evaluating Crew performance. The other fleet assessed SIC on technical performance and weighted SIC performance less in evaluating Crew performance.

scholarly journals Theory and Philosophy of the Effectiveness of Enterprises as Systems: An Updated Look at Ways to Implement Functions and Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (521) ◽  
pp. 190-196
Author(s):  
N. V. Burennikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
System Development ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Complex Dynamic Systems ◽  
Different Types

The article is aimed at outlining the functions of the theory of the effectiveness of systems (in particular, enterprises) by essence, as well as substantiating the role of indicators of components of effectiveness therein under modern conditions of system development. The article covers some issues of the theory and philosophy of the effectiveness of the functioning of enterprises as systems on the basis of SEE-management as a means of improving the effectiveness of the processes of functioning of complex systems in the context of definitions of «quantity/quality» based on the measurement and assessment of the components of the above-mentioned effectiveness using the criterion of progressive effectiveness. The results of computations according to the models of indicators of components of effectiveness, taking into account the values of the criterion of progressive effectiveness, can contribute to the choice of the appropriate strategy for the development (behavior) of the enterprise (active, passive, active-passive, etc.). It is emphasized that SEE-management, which is based on the author’s concepts of components of effectiveness, is a means of increasing the effectiveness of the functioning of complex dynamic systems (by which we will understand the set of its subprocesses) taking into account risks in the context of the negative impact of the external environment, in particular local and global crises in the economy. The scientific novelty of the results of author’s content analysis and applied explorations of the author for more than 20 years is the description of the essence of axiological and other functions of the theory of effectiveness, as well as the addition of methodological functions of this theory with indicators of constituent effectiveness, which can facilitate the improvement of the management of systems of different types and hierarchical levels. The above indicated management can be carried out using such a modern approach as author’s SEE-management, for the implementation of which certain indicators are presented and the appropriate managerial SEE actions in cases of different situations with respect to various values of performance indicators is proposed.

scholarly journals Thoughts on the Launching of a New Journal: A Complex Dynamic Systems Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-82
Author(s):  
Diane Larsen-Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Knowledge Building ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Critical Mass ◽  
Dynamic Systems Theory ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
Systems Perspective ◽  
Complex Dynamic Systems ◽  
Building Community

The launching of The Journal for the Psychology of Language Learning is a signal achievement. I begin this commentary by speculating on why it is that the Psychology of Language Learning (PLL) has enjoyed such vigor of late. I expect that one reason is the coming together of a critical mass of researchers and strong leaders over their shared interests. A second reason may be that a new way of looking at familiar phenomena was introduced in the form of complex dynamic systems theory (CDST). Building on this supposition, I proceed to recommend extending CDST thinking in some new ways in PLL. These ways are phenomenological, relational, processual, and transdisciplinary. I conclude by urging the PLL community to remain connected with other areas of applied linguistics so that it may continue to contribute to a knowledge-building community.

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