scholarly journals Coordinative Movements in Children with Stuttering and Phonological Disorders. Based on Ability of Manual Diadochokinesis in Interfering Manual Movements with the Opposite Hand.

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-236
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Kobayashi ◽  
Kikuko Hayasaka
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Disorders ◽  
Opposite Hand ◽  
Manual Movements

The Need for a Broad-Based Model of Phonological Disorders

1992 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan G. Kamhi
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Phonological Disorders ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Speech Delays ◽  
Explanatory Adequacy ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Assessment Procedures ◽  
Treatment Procedures

My response to Fey’s article (1985; reprinted 1992, this issue) focuses on the confusion caused by the application of simplistic phonological definitions and models to the assessment and treatment of children with speech delays. In addition to having no explanatory adequacy, such definitions/models lead either to assessment and treatment procedures that are similarly focused or to procedures that have no clear logical ties to the models with which they supposedly are linked. Narrowly focused models and definitions also usually include no mention of speech production processes. Bemoaning this state of affairs, I attempt to show why it is important for clinicians to embrace broad-based models of phonological disorders that have some explanatory value. Such models are consistent with assessment procedures that are comprehensive in nature and treatment procedures that focus on linguistic, as well as motoric, aspects of speech.

Structural Aspects of Phonological Development

1988 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen E. Pollock ◽  
Richard G. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Management ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Strong Preference ◽  
Phonological Development ◽  
Structural Position ◽  
Phonological Disorders ◽  
Syllabic Structure ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Structural Aspects ◽  
Target Words

The relationship between syllabic structure and segmental development was examined longitudinally in a child with a severe phonological disorder. Six speech samples were collected over a 4-year period (3:5 to 7:3). Analyses revealed gradual increases in the complexity and diversity of the syllable structures produced, and positional preferences for sounds within these forms. With a strong preference for [d] and [n] at the beginning of syllables, other consonants appeared first at the end of syllables. Implications for clinical management of phonological disorders include the need to consider both structural position and structural complexity in assessing segmental skills and in choosing target words for intervention.

Anticipatory saccades in sequential procedural learning in monkeys

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 1361-1366 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Miyashita ◽  
M. K. Rand ◽  
S. Miyachi ◽  
O. Hikosaka
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Preceding Paper ◽  
Button Press ◽  
Visually Guided ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Skilled Performance ◽  
Opposite Hand ◽  
Sequential Procedures ◽  
Correct Target

1. In a preceding paper we examined the short-term and long-term processes of learning of sequential procedures in monkeys. We now report that the pattern of eye movements changed along with the long-term learning. 2. The monkey's task was to press five consecutive pairs of target buttons (indicated by illumination) in the correct order for every pair, which the monkey had to find by trial and error (2 x 5 task). The whole sequence was called the "hyperset"; each pair was called the "set." 3. Initially, the saccade toward the correct target occurred after illumination of the targets (visually guided saccade). After sufficient learning, the saccade tended to occur before the target illumination (anticipatory saccade). This was true only for the hyperset that had been learned. 4. The likelihood of anticipatory saccade increased gradually over 20-30 days of practice of the particular hyperset. The time course was similar to how the hand learned (button press latency). 5. The monkeys were required to use the same hand for each hyperset throughout learning, except when we asked them to use the opposite hand. The nearly perfect performance due to the extensive practice was then deteriorated by the use of the opposite hand. We found, in addition, that anticipatory saccades became much less frequent. This finding suggests that critical for the skilled performance was the combination of the eyes and the side of the hand that was used for the practice of a given sequence.

scholarly journals Mechanisms controlling motor output to a transfer hand after learning a sequential pinch force skill with the opposite hand

2009 ◽  
Vol 120 (10) ◽  
pp. 1859-1865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mickael Camus ◽  
Patrick Ragert ◽  
Yves Vandermeeren ◽  
Leonardo G. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Motor Output ◽  
Pinch Force ◽  
Opposite Hand

The Interaction of Ambient Frequency and Feature Complexity in the Diphthong Errors of Children With Phonological Disorders

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1188-1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie F. Stokes ◽  
Jessica Tse-Kay Lau ◽  
Valter Ciocca
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Perceptual Analysis ◽  
Error Patterns ◽  
Phonological Disorders ◽  
Frequency Feature

This study examined the interaction of ambient frequency and feature complexity in the diphthong errors produced by Cantonese-speaking children with phonological disorders. A total of 611 diphthongs produced by 13 Cantonese-speaking children with speech disorders were subjected to perceptual analysis. The percentage accuracy of production and error patterns was examined. Perceptual analysis showed that /i/ and /ui/ were most frequently in error, whereas /ei/, /ou/, and /u/ were least frequently in error. Diphthong errors (usually diphthong reduction) arise as a function of both ambient frequency and feature complexity. The combination of ambient frequency and feature complexity yields a complexity metric reflecting accuracy of production. Treatment guidelines include consideration of three basic factors: ambient frequency, feature complexity, and error patterns.

scholarly journals Document Localization in Images Taken by Smartphones Using a Fully Convolutional Neural Network

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shima Baniadamdizaj ◽  
Mohammadreza Soheili ◽  
Azadeh Mansouri
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Opposite Hand ◽  
Processing Strategies ◽  
Document Localization

Abstract Today integration of facts from virtual and paper files may be very vital for the expertise control of efficient. This calls for the record to be localized at the photograph. Several strategies had been proposed to resolve this trouble; however, they may be primarily based totally on conventional photograph processing strategies that aren't sturdy to intense viewpoints and backgrounds. Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), on the opposite hand, have demonstrated to be extraordinarily sturdy to versions in history and viewing attitude for item detection and classification responsibilities. We endorse new utilization of Neural Networks (NNs) for the localization trouble as a localization trouble. The proposed technique ought to even localize photos that don't have a very square shape. Also, we used a newly accrued dataset that has extra tough responsibilities internal and is in the direction of a slipshod user. The end result knowledgeable in 3 exclusive classes of photos and our proposed technique has 83% on average. The end result is as compared with the maximum famous record localization strategies and cell applications.

scholarly journals PHONOLOGICAL DISORDERS AND DIAGNOSTICS IN SLOVAK CONDITIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Dana Buntová ◽  
Kristína Mocsári
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Disorders

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of Traditional Measures of Phonological Ability for Bilingual Preschoolers and Kindergarteners

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Fabiano-Smith ◽  
Katherine Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Bilingual Children ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Speech Sound Disorders ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves ◽  
Phonological Disorders ◽  
Language Groups ◽  
Good Diagnostic Accuracy

Purpose Bilingual children whose phonological skills are evaluated using measures designed for monolingual English speakers are at risk for misdiagnosis of speech sound disorders (De Lamo White & Jin, 2011). Method Forty-four children participated in this study: 15 typically developing monolingual English speakers, 7 monolingual English speakers with phonological disorders, 14 typically developing bilingual Spanish–English speakers, and 8 bilingual children with phonological disorders. Children's single-word speech productions were examined on Percentage Consonants Correct–Revised (Shriberg, Austin, Lewis, McSweeny, & Wilson, 1997a) and accuracy of early-, middle-, and late-developing sounds (Shriberg, 1993) in English. Consonant accuracy in English was compared between monolinguals and bilinguals with and without speech sound disorders. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to observe diagnostic accuracy of the measures examined. Results Percentage Consonants Correct–Revised was found to be a good indicator of phonological ability in both monolingual and bilingual English-speaking children at the age of 5;0. No significant differences were found between language groups on any of the measures examined. Conclusions Our results suggest that traditional measures of phonological ability for monolinguals could provide good diagnostic accuracy for bilingual children at the age of 5;0 years. These findings are preliminary, and children younger than 5;0 years should be examined for risk of misdiagnosis.

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